Xyaum txhua tus paub tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm USSR thiab Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees yog kev tsa lub yeej Banner ntawm lub dome ntawm Reichstag. Tsis yog txhua tus paub tias 150th Rifle Division tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov kev tshwm sim no. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias tam sim no tab tom sib cav.
pib taug kev
Cov ntaub ntawv siv tau zoo xav kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam ntau yam kev sib tham ntawm qhov tsim no. Muaj peb leeg, thiab lawv txoj hmoo sib txawv.
Thawj qhov kev faib tau tsim nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg thaum ntxov xyoo 1939, thiab thaum xub thawj tsis muaj dab tsi ua yeeb yam hauv nws txoj haujlwm. Kev nom kev tswv yog kev lag luam qias neeg heev, yog li ntawd, qhov tseeb, Churchill tsis tau qhia delving rau hauv cov lus zais ntawm nws "kev npaj". Yav dhau los ntawm yuav luag txhua lub tebchaws muaj nplooj ntawv uas tsis tuaj yeem txaus siab rau. Hmoov tsis zoo, keeb kwm ntawm 150th Rifle Division, uas tau coj ncaj qha rau hauv kev faib ntawm Poland xyoo 1939, kuj muaj lawv.
Hnub no, ntau qhov kev sib tham tau nthuav tawm txog Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob thiab nws cov neeg ua txhaum. Qee tus nyiam ua phem rau lub tebchaws Soviet, hu nws ua tus neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Hitler. Kev sib cav muaj zog tau mus ncig ntawm qhov hu ua cov txheej txheem zais cia rau Molotov Pact. Ribbentrop Qhov tseeb hnyav yog keeb kwm tsis zam txim rau lub xeev tsuas yog ib qho - qaug zog.
Thawj pancake lumpy
Poland tau swb thiab sib faib, Soviet Union thiab Nazi Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus "Rau Kev Ua Phooj Ywg thiab Lub Xeev Ciam Tebchaws". Lub USSR tau ntxiv nrog yuav luag 13 lab tus pej xeem tshiab (tsis yog txhua tus ntawm lawv, ntawm chav kawm, tau zoo siab nrog qhov no), thiab 150th Infantry Division ntawm thawj lub rooj sib tham tau tawm mus kov yeej qhov siab tshiab. Koom nrog kev sib tw Finnish thiab Bessarabian, thiab tom qab pib Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob, nws tau nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog nag hmo cov phooj ywg insidious.
Thawj xyoo ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj tau nyuaj heev thiab tsis muaj kev xyiv fab rau cov neeg Soviet. Cov tub rog liab raug kev txom nyem tom qab swb, kev poob loj heev, kev coj ua ntawm kev ua phem feem ntau tig los ua neeg nruab nrab. Thaum lub sij hawm tiv thaiv kev sib tw, muaj nyuam qhuav nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, 150th Rifle Division kuj raug kev puas tsuaj loj - nws cov ntsiab lus raug txo los ntawm yuav luag ib feem peb hauv tsawg dua ob lub hlis. Thaum kawg ntawm lub Rau Hli 1942, nws tau tso tseg (tso tseg li tuag).
Txoj hmoo ntxiv
Ib hlis tom qab, ib qho tshiab ntawm 150th faib pib tsim. Nws txoj hmoo tau ua tiav ntau dua: nws tau koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua rau lub nroog Bely, tso tawm Velikiye Luki, Loknya. Thaum lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1943, nws tau hloov kho rau hauv 22nd Guards Rifle Division.
Thaum kawg, lub Cuaj Hlis 43rd, 150th Rifle Division tau rov ua dua zaum thib peb, txoj kev sib ntaus sib tua uas tau xaus rau ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm Reichstag. Lub hauv paus rau kev tsim yog 151st Rifleib pab tub rog uas koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob txij li xyoo 1942, nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm ces Major Leonid Vasilievich Yakovlev.
Kev sib txuas tau loj heev. Cov qauv muaj xws li 4 phom battalions, artillery thiab anti-tank divisions, battalions ntawm reconnaissance, mortar, sappers, signalmen. Cov tub rog tiv thaiv tau zoo los yog tsis zoo: ib tus kws kho mob hauv tsev kho mob Ginzburg nco qab tias thaum lub sij hawm ua phem rau Staraya Russa, qhov kev poob loj heev. Los ntawm 674th tub rog, qhov chaw nws ua haujlwm, tsuas yog 50-60 tus neeg tseem nyob. Cov Germans fortified nyob rau hauv ib lub toj, lawv yuav tsum tawm tsam los ntawm ib tug swampy lowland, qhov twg txawm cov cuab yeej pab tsis tau cov tub rog Soviet. Hmoov tsis zoo, muaj ntau yam piv txwv ntawm cov tswv yim xaiv thaum Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II. Okudzhava sau zaj nkauj hais txog kev yeej, qhov twg muaj cov lus hais tias peb yuav tsis sawv rau tus nqi, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1970, tab sis lub tswv yim yog hais tias ib co tub rog commanders paub nws ntev ua ntej ntawd thiab rau ib co yog vim li cas perceived nws raws li ib tug kev taw qhia rau kev txiav txim.
Txoj kev mus rau yeej
Thaum lub sijhawm tsim 150th Rifle Division, ntxiv rau cov 151st uas twb tau hais lawm, nws kuj tau coj mus rau 127th thiab 144th brigades. Kev xaiv tau tshwm sim rau ntawm txoj haujlwm, yam tsis muaj kev tshem tawm ntawm qhov sib xyaw mus rau tom qab. Tam sim ntawd tom qab qhov kawg ntawm kev tsim, nws tau los ua ib feem ntawm 79th Rifle Corps ntawm 22nd Army ntawm 2nd B altic Front. Yakovlev coj cov thawj coj ntawm pawg, los ntawm lub sijhawm no twb yog ib tug tub rog.
Txij thaum xyoo 1943, kev ua tsov rog, raws li lawv hais, tig ib ncig. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Stalingrad thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm Kursk Bulge, zoo li, tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees. Qee lub sij hawm muaj kev faib tawm hauv ib hnub40 km rau sab hnub tuaj. Muaj kev tawm tsam sai tawm tsam Nazis. Rau qhov kev sib tw ua tiav kom tso tawm lub nroog Idritsa, qhov tsim tau txais txoj cai hu ua "150th Idritsa Rifle Division", thiab rau kev ua haujlwm tawm tsam ze ntawm Lake Woshwansee, nws tau txais qhov Order ntawm Kutuzov, 2nd degree.
Thaum lub sijhawm ua phem, nws yog thawj ntu ntawm 2nd, thiab tom qab ntawd thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog - 1st Belorussian Front, yog cov tsim ntawm pab tub rog thib 3, uas nws lub hom phiaj sib ntaus sib tua yog kev ntes ncaj qha ntawm Berlin..
official version of events
Lub Plaub Hlis 16, hnub tim 45, pawg nom tswv ntawm Pawg Tub Rog 3 tau sib sau ua ke rau lub rooj sib tham, thaum lub sijhawm ntawd (nrog rau kev foom koob hmoov ntawm cov thawj coj saum toj kawg nkaus), nws tau txiav txim siab tias qhov kawg swb ntawm fascist Reich yuav yog. Kev ntes ntawm Reichstag - lub cim ntawm lub tebchaws Yelemes.
Ib me ntsis tom qab, nyob rau 19th ntawm tib lub hli, 9 daim ntawv tshaj tawm tau muab xa mus rau txhua pawg tub rog, sewn nyob rau lub sijhawm luv tshaj plaws los ntawm kumach zoo tib yam, npaj rau kev nqa lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj.
Thaum pib, qaug cawv nrog yeej, cov tub rog Soviet mob siab me ntsis txog leej twg yuav ua kom zoo nkauj lub dome ntawm German parliament, tab sis tom qab cov lus nug yuav tsum xav txog.
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm cov xwm txheej tau nthuav tawm thaum Lub Rau Hli, npaj los ntawm pawg nom tswv ntawm 3rd Army. Raws li nws, tus chij ntaus rog ntawm 150th Infantry Division tau pauv mus rau lub battalion ntawm lub 756th regiment nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Captain Neustroev.
Tsim kom paub qhov tseeb
Cov tub rog ntawm pawg hla lub Spree thiab ntes cov ntaiv pem hauv ntej. Tom qab ntawd, Sergeant Kantaria,Cov tub rog Red Army Yegorov thiab tub ceev xwm nom tswv Berest mus rau lub ru tsev, sib ntaus sib tua lawv txoj kev, thiab tsa ib tug liab chij saum lub iav dome. Nws tshwm sim thaum tav su nees nkaum tsib, thiab twb nyob rau ntawm peb teev muaj ib tug tshiab minted commandant ntawm lub tsev raug ntes - Captain Neustroev.
Ntau tus kws tshawb fawb, cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntawv sau cia tau tshaj tawm tias cov txheej xwm tsim los tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog qhov tseeb, thiab 150th Idritsa Rifle Division tau dag rau pej xeem, txawm li cas los xij, tsis tshua muaj siab phem.
Muaj ntau qhov kev xav txog leej twg thawj zaug tsa tus chij hla lub Reichstag (thiab hom chij twg nws yog, ib yam nkaus). Muaj pov thawj tias cov lus txib ntawm cov tub ceev xwm tau nrawm tshaj tawm tias lub cim ntawm Nazi Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tau ua tiav - yog li cov ntaub ntawv ntau yam txog lub sijhawm tus chij tau tshwm sim.
Kev tawm tsam thiab tiv thaiv
Tseem muaj ntau yam uas tsuas yog nrhiav tsis tau xwb.
Yog tias koj ua raws cov xov xwm ntawm cov xwm txheej, kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Berlin pib thaum nruab nrab Lub Plaub Hlis. Thaum kawg ntawm lub hli, cov tub rog Soviet mus txog lub ntsiab Nazi citadel - lub Reichstag. Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev tiv thaiv, nws tau nyob zoo heev, vim hais tias nws yog ib puag ncig los ntawm dej ntawm peb sab - Spree River, dav 25 m. Tom qab kev foob pob, tsuas yog ib tus choj tseem muaj sia nyob, cov kwj dej tawm tsam thiab lub xwmfab tig mus rau hauv lub qhov dej loj. Berlin subway raug dej nyab.
Los ntawm sab plaub, lub tsev tau tiv thaiv los ntawm cov vaj tse zoo, suav nrog Ministry of Interior,tig mus rau hauv lub fortress tiag. Txhua txoj hauv kev mus rau Reichstag tau raug tua zoo los ntawm - qhov no ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam ntev thiab kev puas tsuaj hnyav los ntawm 150th Infantry Division thiab lwm yam kev tsim. Cov Nazis tawm tsam nrog kev poob siab ntawm ib tug tsiaj raug mob, sib ntaus sib tua rau txhua kauj ruam, chav tsev, pem teb.
thawj chij
Thawj qhov kev sim ua phem tau poob qis, nws tau txiav txim siab tos qhov tsaus ntuj - thiab mam li nco dheev cov lus txib ntawm 150th Infantry Division ntawm 25 feeb dhau los peb lub Plaub Hlis 30 tau tshaj tawm tias Reichstag tau raug coj thiab Red Banner tau raug. hoisted rau nws. Kev xyiv fab kav nyob rau hauv lub USSR, tab sis nws yog ntxov dhau rau kev zoo siab. Dab tsi ua rau qhov kev ceeb toom nrawm tsis paub. Muaj ib qho version uas qee cov tub rog tau tswj kom tawg mus rau hauv lub tsev thiab tso ob peb tus tub rog daim ntawv lo rau ntawm phab ntsa thaum tseem tiv thaiv lub fortress.
Hnub no, yuav luag txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv kawm tiav (yog tias nws kawm, tau kawg) paub tias tus chij ntawm 150th Infantry Division yog thawj zaug tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Reichstag, uas cov neeg paub zoo hoisted hla lub dome ntawm German. parliament. Lub caij no, muaj pov thawj tias thaum cov tub rog hais txog nce mus rau lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev, tus chij twb nyob ntawd, thiab nws tau tsa los ntawm cov neeg sib txawv kiag li.
Ntau qhov khoom plig contenders
Lub Reichstag muaj ob lub pediments: saum toj no ib qho yog cov duab puab ntawm tus vajtswv poj niam ntawm Victory (tus tis Nike). Sab saum toj thib ob, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ib tus pej thuam equestrian ntawm Emperor Wilhelm, cov uas twb hais lawm heroes tsa tus chij uas lawv tau coj nrog lawv. Tab sis nws tshwm sim thaum tsaus ntuj ntawm peb teev, thaum lub tsev raug coj, thiab tus chij liab twb tau lawmfluttered hla Berlin thiab nyob rau sab nraud, nyob ze ntawm tus pej thuam Nike.
Cov ntaub ntawv raug cai hais tias nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 1 (nrog kev pom zoo tom qab lub Tsib Hlis 2, 3 thiab 6) Tus Thawj Tub Rog Makov thiab nws pab pawg: cov neeg tua rog Minin, Bobrov, Zagitov thiab Lisimenko tau nthuav tawm rau qhov khoom plig rau qhov qhia tau zoo.
Qhov ua rau kev tsis ncaj ncees tsis meej. Tej zaum nws yeej tsis tuaj yeem lees paub rau qhov kev ceeb toom nrawm uas hais tias tus chij ntawm 150th phom loj tau ya hla lub peev ntawm cov yeeb ncuab swb txij li ob ib nrab dhau los.
Qhov khoom plig pom tus phab ej, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus ntawm lawv
Nws coj Soviet coj noj coj ua ib xyoos tag nrho los rau txim rau cov neeg dawb huv thiab muab nqi zog rau cov tsis koom nrog. Tsuas yog lub Tsib Hlis 8, 1946, tau tshaj tawm tsab cai hais txog lub npe ntawm "Hero of the Soviet Union" rau cov neeg uas tau tsa chij ntawm Kev yeej ntawm German parliament hauv Berlin.
Ntxiv rau qhov twb tau hais lawm Neustroev, Kantaria thiab Egorov, Davydov thiab Samsonov, cov thawj coj tub rog uas txhawb nqa kev tawm tsam los ntawm cov flanks, tau txais khoom plig. Birch tawv, raws li qee cov keeb kwm, tau hla tawm ntawm cov npe uas tau muab rau qib los ntawm Marshal ntawm yeej nws tus kheej (yog vim li cas yog idiosyncrasy rau nom tswv).
qhov no muaj tseeb tiag, cov pej xeem yuav tsis paub.
Kev sib tw ntawm thawj zaug
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb tseem tab tom muaj. Rakhimzhan Koshkarbaev thiab Grigory Bulatov yog thawj tus tsa chij liab hla lub cim German, raws li kev tshawb fawb luam tawm xyoo 2007 los ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Tub Rog Keeb Kwm ntawm Russia, uas kuj tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.
Ntseeg Peter tseem nco qabPyatnitsky, nws tau khiav mus rau hauv cov kauj ruam nrog ib tug chij nyob rau hauv nws txhais tes, tab sis twb xub raug mob thiab ces tua. Lub chij tau rub los ntawm nws txhais tes los ntawm nws lub npe, ib tug neeg nyob hauv cheeb tsam Zaporozhye, Peter Shcherbina, thiab tsau rau ntawm ib kem ntawm German parliament. Ntau xyoo tom qab kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, nws cov xeeb ntxwv tau tawm tsam rau lub npe posthumous "Hero of the Soviet Union" rau lawv yawg.
Hauv paus ntsiab lus, tsis muaj ib qho ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib cav txog leej twg yog thawj tus - cov tub rog ntawm 150th Infantry Division, lossis cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lwm qhov kev tsim.
Txhua tus yeej
Cov neeg koom nrog hauv cov xwm txheej nco qab tias ua ntej pib qhov kev tawm tsam, yuav luag txhua tus tau sim kom tau ib daim chij, chij, lossis tsawg kawg ib tus chij. Txhua yam uas phim cov xim yog siv: curtains, nplooj ntawv, daim ntaub. Tam sim ntawd tom qab qhov kev quab yuam, lub Reichstag tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ntau tshaj li tsib caug cov xim ntshav, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb leej twg tshwm sim thawj zaug.
Tom qab ntawd, thaum kawg, thaum kawg cov neeg German raug thawb rov qab, cov neeg coob coob tau maj nrawm mus rau lub tsev hais plaub German los sau rau ntawm phab ntsa ib yam dab tsi zoo li tus phab ej Leonid Bykov tau hais hauv zaj yeeb yaj kiab nto moo "Tsuas yog "cov txiv neej laus" mus ua rog.: "Kuv txaus siab rau qhov ruins ntawm Reichstag."
Ntau tus tau thaij duab tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm tus chij-kho cov phab ntsa thiab pediments, thiab tom qab ntawd thov khoom plig. Txhua yam yog. Nws yog qhov zoo uas lub sijhawm ntawd twb dhau mus lawm. Leej twg tsa Banner ntawm yeej tshaj lub dome ntawm lub Reichstag, 150th Rifle Division of the Order of Kutuzov, ntawm chav kawm, tsim nyog muaj nws lub npe sau rau ntawm lub cim ntawm qhov kawg ntawm kev tsov kev rog thiab phem tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv keeb kwm.humanity.
