Cov khoom siv xov xwm yog lub tswv yim dav dav uas tuaj yeem siv los piav txog ntau hom khoom siv. Lawv tuaj yeem nkag siab tias yog cov txheej txheem, qhov tshwm sim uas muaj cov khoom siv lossis cov khoom tsis yog khoom. Cov khoom siv ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov pom ntawm lawv cov yam ntxwv zoo.
Txoj kev faib tawm
Muaj lawv faib ua ob peb pab. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv cov khoom raug faib raws li hom khoom raws li kev xav, hom duab, qhov muaj (tsis muaj) ntawm lub suab. Cia peb txheeb xyuas qee qhov kev xaiv rau ib qho kev faib tawm. Yog li, cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim tuaj yeem suav tias yog duab, tus lej, suab, ntawv nyeem. Cov kev hloov pauv tsis yooj yim yog yam ntxwv los ntawm qhov muaj hypertext, ntxhuav, databases, hypermedia.
Kev xa xov xwm
Txhua yam khoom siv xav tias muaj qee cov ntaub ntawv. Piv txwv li, ib tsob ntoo muaj cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm, kev hloov pauv uas ua rau nws tuaj yeem tau txais tsob ntoo laus los ntawm cov noob me me tom qab lub sijhawm qee lub sijhawm. Huab cua ua raws li qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no. Nyob ntawm nws qhov xwm txheej, tsob ntoo txiav txim siab lub sijhawm rau tawg paj,tshwm sim ntawm nplooj ntsuab. Cov tsiaj nyeg ntawm cov noog tsiv teb tsaws chaw paub lawv txoj kev zoo heev, lawv ua raws li lawv lub sijhawm ya davhlau, tsis txhob khiav tawm ntawm txoj kev npaj.
Txoj kev khaws cov ntaub ntawv
Xav txog ntau hom khoom siv, peb nco ntsoov tias ib tus neeg ib txwm nrhiav txoj hauv kev los khaws qee cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog qhov tshwm sim, khoom. Lub hlwb yog lub luag haujlwm rau ntau yam ntaub ntawv, nws siv nws txoj kev xa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau lwm tus neeg. Lub hauv paus rau qhov no tuaj yeem yog binary code, uas zoo ib yam li niaj hnub siv computers. Txhawm rau kom cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem khoom siv rau nws lub hom phiaj, tam sim no muaj peev xwm xaiv ntau hom kev hloov pauv thiab khaws cia ntev. Ntxiv nrog rau koj tus kheej lub cim xeeb, koj tuaj yeem tso cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm ntau hom xov xwm sib nqus.
hom kev encoding cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia
Txhua yam khoom siv tuaj yeem khaws tau ntau txoj hauv kev. Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws yog cov duab kos duab lossis duab saib. Qhov no yog li cas cov neeg thaum ub tau sim tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog ntuj tshwm sim thiab cov khoom ntawm tiam mus rau tiam. Txog thaum peb lub sijhawm, qee lub qhov tsua paintings ua los ntawm cov neeg thaum ub tau khaws cia. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau hloov los ntawm paintings, kos duab, duab, kos duab.
Sound kis
Koj tseem tuaj yeem khaws cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis siv suab. Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no nyob ib ncig ntawm ib tug neeg, muaj ntau lub suab uas yuav khaws cia thiab replicated. Nyob rau hauv 1877 nws twb inventedntaus ntawv tshwj xeeb. Suab paj nruag coding tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog hom ntaub ntawv suab. Nws koom nrog encryption nrog kev pab los ntawm qee cov cim ntawm lub suab, kev xa mus tom ntej ntawm cov ntawv los ntawm cov suab (hauv cov suab paj nruag).
Hloov ntawv
Hom kev encoding ntawm tib neeg hais lus los ntawm cov cim tshwj xeeb - tsiaj ntawv - yog siv los ntawm ntau haiv neeg. Txhua haiv neeg muaj nws cov lus, siv qee cov tsiaj ntawv (cov tsiaj ntawv), ua tsaug rau qhov kev hais lus tau nthuav tawm. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm hom ntaub ntawv encoding, thawj phau ntawv luam tawm tau tshwm sim.
Kev ntsuas qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no yog kev xa xov tooj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Nrog rau kev tshwm sim ntawm kev lag luam, kev siv nyiaj, thiab kev lag luam, cov ntaub ntawv cov khoom no tau dhau los tshwj xeeb thiab xav tau.
Cov lej encoding tshuab tuaj yeem sib txawv. Ntawm cov kev xaiv niaj hnub no, peb sau cov ntaub ntawv video. Nws koom nrog kev khaws cia ntawm qee cov ntaub ntawv hauv daim duab "nyob" duab. Qhov no txoj kev ntawm encoding ua tau tsuas yog tom qab lub advent ntawm xinesmas. Tab sis, txawm hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cov khoom tuaj yeem hloov mus rau lwm tiam neeg hauv qee txoj kev, txawm tias nyob rau hauv peb lub hnub nyoog ntawm kev siv tshuab computer muaj qhov chaw rau cov txheej txheem khaws cia, encoding, tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem tsis tau tsim. Ua piv txwv piv txwv, xav txog cov ntaub ntawv tactile. Peb tab tom tham txog kev hloov pauv ntawm organoleptic zoo, kev xav, hnov tsw, saj. Tactile sensations tsis tuaj yeem sawv cev rau hauv daim ntawv coded, koj tsuas tuaj yeem qhia koj txoj kev xav thiab kev xav hauv cov lus. Ua ntej hluav taws xob tau tsim, cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tau xa mus rau qhov ntev uas siv cov cim teeb pom kev zoo. Tom qab ntawd cov txheej txheem tau yooj yim heev, xov tooj cua nthwv dej hloov cov teeb liab nyuaj.
Binary encoding raws li txoj hauv kev xa cov ntaub ntawv
Tus tsim ntawm qhov kev xav, piv txwv li tus tsim ntawm kev sib txuas lus digital niaj hnub, yog Claude Shannon. Nws yog nws uas tau lees paub qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev siv binary code los xa cov ntaub ntawv. Tom qab lub advent ntawm computers (khoos phis tawj), ib lub cuab yeej tau tsim thawj zaug rau kev ua cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm tus kheej lub computer, cov kev xaiv rau kev ua, tshawb nrhiav, xa cov lej, suab, cov ntaub ntawv pom tau hloov pauv ntau. Niaj hnub no, cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb yog khaws cia rau hauv cov ntaub nplaum sib nqus lossis cov disks, tshem tawm cov xov xwm, laser disks. Raws li qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub no, peb ib leeg tawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem pom hauv ntiaj teb Internet. Hauv qhov no, cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb yog siv los tshawb nrhiav, txheej txheem, khaws cov ntaub ntawv.
Zoo kawg
Txhua yam khoom siv muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Koj tuaj yeem ua qee yam ua nrog nws, piv txwv li, siv nws ua lub khoos phis tawj software. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov nruab nrab digital tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog ib chav tsev ntaub ntawv ywj pheej (folder, archive, file). Nrog kev txawj ntse thiabDaim ntawv thov raws sij hawm ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv khoom siv tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem ntuj los yog kev sib raug zoo, qhov tshwm sim, nrog rau kev txiav txim siab txog txoj hauv kev ntawm kev txhim kho tom ntej, kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam phenomenon.
