Phrasal verbs hauv lus Askiv tsis muaj analogues hauv Lavxias. Lawv yog ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov lus qhia thiab lub npe hu ua tom qab lub suab, uas tuaj yeem siv sib cais, tab sis ua ke lawv nqa ib qho tsis pom kev semantic load. Piv txwv li, hnav khaub ncaws - "hnav khaub ncaws", nqa - "nourish, educate", saib rau - "saib rau ib tug neeg", muab tso nrog - "rov qab, ua siab ntev". Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, lub ntsiab lus tuaj yeem yog ntau dua lossis tsawg dua pob tshab, pom tseeb, lossis xav tsis thoob kiag li.
Phrasal verbs nyob rau hauv lus Askiv yog heev nquag siv nyob rau hauv cov lus hais, hloov cov analogues nruj dua uas muaj ntau dua nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv (piv txwv li, muab tso rau es tsis txhob ntawm endure). Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob xav tias phrasal verbs tsuas yog lub cim ntawm kev sib tham. Lawv tuaj yeem pom hauv cov ntaub ntawv raug cai lossis cov ntawv tshaj tawm kev lag luam, thiab txhua qhov chaw lawv muajnws qhov tshwj xeeb. Tib phrasal verb tuaj yeem muaj cov lus sau, piv txwv thiab lub ntsiab lus idiomatic.
English phrasal verbs: types
Vim tias cov lus qhia no yog ib qho ntawm cov ncauj lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv lus Askiv, lawv nyuaj rau categorize. Yuav ua li cas koj yuav nco ntsoov phrasal verbs ntawm lus Askiv, cov npe ntawm uas nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv muaj ntau tshaj tsib puas, tab sis qhov tseeb muaj ntau ntau?
Ntau zaus, lub ntsiab lus ntawm phrasal verb tuaj yeem kwv yees los ntawm kev paub lub ntsiab lus ntawm nws qhov chaw. Piv txwv li, tso tawm - " ncua ib yam dab tsi mus txog hnub tom qab." Put - "put", off - ib qho adverb qhia qhov kev tshem tawm, nyob deb ntawm ib yam dab tsi. Tam sim no cia saib yuav ua li cas lub phrasal verb muab tso tawm tuaj yeem txhais tau: "tso tawm, tig tawm (lub teeb), tawm mus, tawm tsam (ua rau qias neeg), cuam tshuam, cuam tshuam, pov tseg (tsis ntseeg), plam, tso tawm." Hauv tag nrho cov kev hloov pauv no, ib tus tuaj yeem pom qhov qhia txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus qhia tseem ceeb thiab cov lus qhia. Nrog kev paub dhau los, koj yuav tuaj yeem twv lub ntsiab lus ntawm phrasal verb raws li cov ntsiab lus, tab sis, alas, qhov no tsis yog ib txwm ua tau. Piv txwv li, nws tsis yooj yim rau kwv yees tias saib yog "kho ib tus neeg nrog kev hwm".
Yog li ntawd, thaum xub thawj, kev txhais lus Askiv phrasal verbs yuav tsum tsuas yog cim, thiab lawv cov qauv yuav pab tau rau hauv qhov no. Dab tsi yog hom phrasal verbs?
1. Intransitive phrasal verbs
Cov lus qhia no yog siv los ntawm lawv tus kheej,i.e. tsis muaj ntxiv. Piv txwv li: maj nrawm! - "tsaus nti!", lub vine yog tawm - "cov cawv txiv hmab tau ploj mus" (yuav tsum tau tawm - "spoil"), cov cuab yeej tau tawg - "cov cuab yeej tawg" (kom tawg - "ua tsis tiav").
2. Divisible transitive phrasal verbs
Cov no yog cov lus hloov pauv tau, cov lus qhia mobile, qhov txawv tshaj plaws rau cov tub ntxhais kawm Lavxias. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus qhia phrasal yog cais los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb thiab pom nyob rau hauv qhov kawg ntawm kab lus tom qab cov khoom, txawm hais tias qee cov lus qhia txog kev txav mus los: lub postposition yuav los yog tsis raug cais tawm ntawm cov lus qhia los ntawm ib qho khoom. Piv txwv li: nws tab tom saib trough cov folders - "nws tab tom saib los ntawm cov folders." Thiab nyob rau hauv cov piv txwv nram qab no, cov khoom los tom qab lub particle, yog li cov phrasal verb yog divisible: nws tab tom nrhiav cov folders los ntawm - "nws tab tom nrhiav los ntawm folders".
3. Indivisible transitive phrasal verbs
Ntxiv rau cov kab lus nrog cov lus qhia no tsuas yog tom qab cov khoom. Yog li, cov lus qhia khaws nws cov qauv ib txwm, tseem nyob tsis pom. Piv txwv li, kuv tig tawm lub teeb. Nco ntsoov tias muaj cov lus qhia phrasal, uas, raws li tau hais los saum no, tuaj yeem muaj lub ntsiab lus sib txawv, thiab ib qho ntawm lawv tuaj yeem hloov pauv thiab lwm yam intransitive, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv tuaj yeem faib tau thiab sib cais. Piv txwv li, saib. Hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm "saib hauv phau ntawv txhais lus, phau ntawv siv" nws yuav hloov pauv (saib lub ntsiab lus hauv phau ntawv txhais lus - "saib lo lus no hauv phau ntawv txhais lus"), thiab hauv lub ntsiab lus"kom tau zoo" cov lus qhia no yuav tsis hloov pauv (tej yam tab tom nrhiav - "txhua yam zoo dua").
4. Multiphrasal verbs
Cov lus qhia no muaj tsawg tsawg. Lawv nyob hauv peb ntu. Piv txwv li: down to - "mus down to (ua hauj lwm, sib tham, sib tham, lag luam)".
5. Prepositional verbs
Lawv tsuas yog zais lawv tus kheej ua cov lus qhia, vim lawv xav tau kev siv qee qhov prepositions tom qab lawv tus kheej, tab sis lawv muaj cov lus txhais. Piv txwv li: pib nrog - "pib nrog", ntseeg hauv - "ntseeg hauv", zam txim rau - "kev zam txim rau", tham txog - "hais txog". Cov lus qhia no tsis tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm ib qho khoom. Cov khoom uas qhov kev txiav txim ua ib txwm los tom qab preposition. Piv txwv li: ntseeg kev hlub - "ntseeg kev hlub", tham txog nyiaj - "hais txog nyiaj"
Nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias qhov kev faib tawm no yooj yim heev, cov kws tshaj lij paub qhov txawv ntau pawg ntawm cov lus qhia. Piv txwv li, tsib pawg ntawm phrasal verbs yog txawv raws li qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub ntsiab lus qhia los ntawm postposition.
Yuav kawm lus Askiv phrasal verbs li cas?
Hmoov tsis zoo, kev cia siab rau koj qhov kev txawj ntse ntawm no tsis yog ib txwm ua tau. Koj yuav tsum xyaum kom ntau li ntau tau. Cov kws tshaj lij tsis tuaj yeem pom zoo pes tsawg zaus koj yuav tsum rov hais dua ib lo lus tsis paub, xya lossis kaum ob, txhawm rau nco ntsoov nws ruaj khov, tab sis pom zoo tias tsis tas yuav rov ua dua, ua tiav kev kawm lus txawv teb chaws.ua tsis tau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los yuav cov khoom sau ntawm phrasal verbs, uas tuaj yeem pom muaj ntau hauv khw. Mechanical memorization ntawm phrasal verb thiab nws txhais lus yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Cov lus qhia no yog ib feem ntawm cov lus Askiv zoo tshaj plaws, thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau rov hais dua lawv hauv cov ntsiab lus. Xaiv los ntawm cov npe loj ntawm phrasal verbs uas koj xav tau tiag tiag thiab haum koj cov hom phiaj kev kawm. Lub tswv yim rau kev kawm cov ncauj lus no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua raws li hauv qab no: kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus uas dhau los ua cov lus tom qab, thiab lawv cov kev cuam tshuam rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus qhia (feem ntau koj tuaj yeem ntes cov qauv), kev xaiv ntawm cov feem ntau. phrasal verbs, ces memorization nws tus kheej. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem nqa ib qho lus qhia ib hnub thiab ua rau lub hlwb ua si ntau yam xwm txheej nrog nws, xyuas koj tus kheej hauv ob lossis peb hnub, lossis npaj cov kev xeem mini rau koj tus kheej.
