Al2(SO4)3 - aluminium sulfate, ib qho tshuaj inorganic los ntawm chav ntsev. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm crystals los yog dawb hmoov, soluble nyob rau hauv dej. Cov tshuaj nquag siv tshuaj uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo nrog ntau yam, yog li nws feem ntau siv hauv kev sim thiab ua haujlwm hauv chemistry, tab sis txhawm rau daws lawv koj yuav tsum paub cov molar loj ntawm Al2(SO 4)3.
Xaiv ntawm qhov taw qhia
Tus txheeb ze molecular hnyav ntawm txhuas sulfate yog qhov ntim ntawm ib qho molecule ntawm cov khoom no. Cia peb saib ntxiv.
Qhov ntsuas tau qhia hauv atomic mass units (amu). Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los xam siv lub caij nyoog ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm Mendeleev, paub cov mis ntawm cov khoom.
Ua li no, koj yuav tsum nrhiav cov ntsiab lus hauv lub rooj uas tsim cov khoom txaus siab rau peb - txhuas, sulfur thiab oxygen. Qhov sib txheeb loj ntawm ib qho txhuas atom yog 26.992 amu. (kwv yees li 27), sulfur atoms 32.064 (piv txog li 32), oxygen atoms 15.999 (piv txog li 16).
Sulfate molecule formulaaluminium hauv daim duab hauv qab no. Nws qhia tau hais tias muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov molecule, thiab pes tsawg atoms ntawm txhua lub ntsiab yog koom nyob rau hauv tsim ntawm ib tug conditional molecule ntawm cov khoom.
Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tau muab qhov loj ntawm ib qho txhuas atom los ntawm tus lej ntawm cov khoom no hauv Al molecule2(SO4)3 . Tus lej no yog qhia los ntawm tus lej sau rau sab xis ntawm lub cim txhuas - 2. Muab 2 los ntawm 27, peb tau txais 54 amu
Tom ntej, cia peb rov ua cov kauj ruam nrog cov sulfur atom. Lub txhuas sulfate molecule muaj peb yam (SO 4), uas txhais tau tias peb cov sulfur atoms. Muab 32 los ntawm 3 kom tau 96 amu
Kev suav tib yam yog ua nrog oxygen atoms. Ua ntej, cia peb suav pes tsawg ntawm lawv suav nrog hauv cov molecule. Nws muaj peb yam (SO4), uas yog, 12 oxygen atoms. Peb muab cov huab hwm coj los ntawm tus lej ntawm atom - 16 los ntawm 12, peb tau 192 amu
Cov kauj ruam kawg yog ntxiv cov pawg ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov molecule:
54 + 96 + 192=342 amu
Yog li, qhov hnyav molecular ntawm aluminium sulfate yog 342 amu
ntsuas tom ntej
Cov molar loj ntawm al2 so4 3 yog qhov ntim ntawm ib mole ntawm txhuas sulfate. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim heev rau kev paub, vim nws yog tus lej sib npaug ntawm qhov hnyav molecular, tab sis qhia nyob rau hauv lwm cov units - g / mol.
Yog li, molar mass ntawm al2 so4 3 yog 342 g / mol. Tus nqi no feem ntau xav tau los daws cov teeb meem.
Molar loj sib npaug
txhawm rau xam tus nqi no, koj yuav tsum paub qhov sib npaug. Nws yog txhais txawv rauchav kawm ntawm cov khoom.
Aluminium sulfate belongs rau pab pawg ntawm cov ntsev nruab nrab. Rau cov tebchaw no, qhov sib npaug yog xam raws li hauv qab no:
- Peb yuav tsum faib chav tsev los ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov hlau atoms thiab tus nqi ntawm cov hlau.
- Nrhiav cov khoom. Muaj ob lub txhuas hlau atoms hauv ib lub molecule, qhov no tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov mis. Tus nqi ntawm txhuas yog tas li thiab sib npaug rau peb, uas yog, 23=6.
- Cov txhuas sulfate ntsev sib npaug yog 1/6.
Txhawm rau nrhiav cov molar loj ntawm txhuas sulfate sib npaug, muab nws cov molar loj los ntawm qhov sib npaug:
3421 / 6=57 g / mol.
Yog li, molar loj ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm Al2 (SO4) 3 yog 57 g / mol.
Kev suav dhau lawm, tus nqi xav tau raug txiav txim siab.
