Ntau yam hauv computer games lossis thaum saib cov yeeb yaj kiab tau dhau los ntawm lo lus "berserk" lossis "berserker". Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus no tsis meej rau txhua tus. Hauv qhov no, cov lus nug tshwm sim: dab tsi yog "berserk"? Lo lus no tuaj qhov twg los, nws lub ntsiab lus thiab cov yam ntxwv yuav tau tham hauv qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no.
Lub ntsiab lus hauv phau ntawv txhais lus
Xav txog qhov "berserk" yog, koj yuav tsum xa mus rau phau ntawv txhais lus. Nws hais tias cov no yog cov tub rog los ntawm cov pab pawg ntawm Qub Norse Vikings thiab cov pab pawg neeg German thaum ub. Cov tub rog no tau mob siab rau lawv lub neej thiab ua haujlwm rau Vajtswv lub siab tshaj - Odin.
Raws li lawv hais hauv cov peev txheej thaum ub, ua ntej pib kev sib ntaus sib tua, berserkers hloov lawv lub siab thiab coj lawv tus kheej mus rau lub xeev ntawm kev aggression thiab ferocity. Nyob rau hauv no lawv tau pab los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb ya agaric tincture, npaj nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb txoj kev. Ntxiv nrog rau kev ua kom cov tub rog hnyav heev, nws txo qis qhov rhiab heev thaum raug mob. Cov tub rog zoo li no hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tau txawv ntawm lub zog loj, tsis muaj kev ntshai thiab kev tawm tsam sai.
txhais lo lus
Txuas ntxiv los xav txog dab tsi berserk yog, koj yuav tsum xyuam xim rau lub hauv paus ntawm lo lus no. Nws yog muab los ntawm Old Norse lub npe berserkr, uas txhais tau hais tias "dais tawv nqaij" lossis "tsis muaj tsho." Lub hauv paus ber txhais tau tias " dais " lossis " liab qab ", thiab serk txhais tau tias "silk", "skin", "cloth".
Hauv Lavxias, lo lus "berserk" feem ntau yog siv, uas, raws li cov kws tshawb fawb pom, yog los ntawm lus Askiv. Hauv lus Askiv, lo lus no txhais tau tias - "furious", "hmoov"
Berserkers in dab neeg
Txuas ntxiv mus kawm tias "berserk" yog dab tsi, cia peb tig mus rau cov lus dab neeg qub. Nyob rau hauv cov dab neeg thiab epics, berserkers tau nthuav tawm raws li cov tub rog uas tsis muaj kev ntshai thiab tsis muaj zog uas tawm tsam nrog kev npau taws heev thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam. Nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm "Lub teb chaws Yelemees", tus ancient Roman historian thiab kws tshawb fawb Tacitus sau txog cov pab pawg neeg ntawm Hattians thiab Gharii, uas, nyob rau hauv tag nrho lawv cov yam ntxwv, haum rau cov lus piav qhia ntawm berserkers. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias Tacitus yeej tsis nyob hauv thaj chaw German thiab sau nws cov lus piav qhia los ntawm cov lus ntawm cov tub rog Loos, uas, raws li koj paub, tau swb los ntawm pawg neeg German.
Thawj zaug, cov neeg tsis ntshai berserkers, Odin's warriors, tau hais hauv zaj nkauj yeej hais txog kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Hafsfjord, uas tau tshwm sim nyob ib ncig ntawm 872. Nws tau sau los ntawm skald T. Hornclovy (skald yog hom paj huam qub Norse thiab kws sau paj huam).
Scandinavian Literature
Nyob rau hauv qhov loj tshaj plaws kev sau ntawv monument ntawm Scandinavian cov ntawv nyeem "Lub voj voog ntawm lub ntiaj teb", tsim los ntawm Icelandiclos ntawm historiographer, politician, prose sau ntawv thiab skald Snorri Sturluson, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 13th tej yam yees siv peev xwm raug ntaus nqi rau berserkers.
zaj nkauj no hais tias berserkers tuaj yeem ua rau cov yeeb ncuab dig muag lossis tsis hnov lus hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Los yog cov neeg tawm tsam tau muaj kev ntshai thiab lawv cov riam phom ua rau me ntsis tsis muaj kev phom sij.
Ua tsaug rau Scandinavian dabneeg, tam sim no ib tug tau txais ib lub tswv yim ntawm berserkers. Yog li, piv txwv li, lawv suav nrog tus phab ej ntawm Scandinavian mythology - Starkad. Raws li Danish chronicler Saxo the Grammar, Sarkad tau ua haujlwm rau tus huab tais Denmark, Frodo.
Qhov chaw hauv zej zog
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tau los ntawm Scandinavian dabneeg thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv keeb kwm yav dhau los, niaj hnub no koj tuaj yeem paub seb cov berserkers nyob hauv zej zog li cas, nrog rau lawv txoj haujlwm dab tsi.
Thaum lub sijhawm sib tw thiab kev ua tsov ua rog, berserkers tau nkag mus rau hauv kev pabcuam vajntxwv (tus thawj tswj hwm, huab tais) lossis jarls (cov neeg sawv cev siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov nom tswv hauv tebchaws Norse qub). Lawv tau los ua tub rog lossis saib xyuas tus thawj tswj hwm. Rau lawv cov kev pabcuam, berserkers tau txais cov nyiaj hli siab heev, vim lawv suav tias yog cov tub rog tseem ceeb. Nyob rau lub sijhawm muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, qhov zoo tshaj plaws, lawv tau los ua tus saib xyuas rau cov nom tswv, qhov phem tshaj, lawv hloov mus ua cov neeg tawm tsam, vim lawv nrhiav tsis tau kev siv rau lawv tus kheej.
Qhov kev txiav txim siab no tuaj yeem kos los ntawm ib qho ntawm cov dab neeg thaum ub, uas tau hais tias cov berserkers yog kev coj ncaj ncees thiab tsis sib haum xeeb. Feem ntautsuas yog sib tham xwb. Lawv npau taws heev, tsis muaj dab tsi yuav cheem tau lawv. Lawv kuj tsis nyiam ua hauj lwm, tab sis nyiam ua tsov rog thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua.
Kev nruj kev tsiv
Raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, cov berserkers - cov tub rog ntawm pawg neeg Viking thiab cov neeg German thaum ub, muaj kev ua phem heev. Raws li ib tug ntau version, nws yog piav los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias lawv siv ntau yam psychotropic decoctions npaj nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm ya agaric thiab lwm yam nceb lom. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee cov kws tshawb fawb tau hais tias cov tub rog no yog cov neeg nyiam haus dej haus ntau dhau, vim tias lawv raug kev txom nyem los ntawm hangover, uas ua rau lawv aggression.
Txawm li cas los xij, muaj lwm qhov kev xav, piv txwv li, cov kws tshawb fawb uas tau cog lus rau cov kev tshawb fawb pom zoo hais tias cov mob ua rau yog vim li cas rau lawv tus cwj pwm nruj. Nws yog hais txog lawv tej yam kab mob ntawm hysteria, qaug dab peg, raws li zoo raws li tsis zoo heredity. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov no tsuas yog cov kev xav uas tsis muaj pov thawj loj.
Ib qho kev xav zoo siab tau hais los ntawm qee cov kws tshawb fawb uas sib piv qhov txawv txav ntawm lub xeev ntawm berserkers nrog lub npe hu ua amok. Amok, txhais los ntawm Malay, yog ib lub xeev uas txhais tau tias "kom poob rau hauv kev npau taws thiab pib tua." Hauv Malay thiab Indonesian kev lig kev cai, tus mob no raug suav hais tias mob.
Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev ncaj ncees, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias lub xeev txawv txawv no tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tshwj xeeb uas cov berserkers tau ua tiav ua ntej kev sib ntaus sib tua yam tsis siv ib qho twg.psychotropic thiab narcotic tshuaj. Cov niaj hnub analogue ntawm xws li kev sib ntaus sib tua trance yog "ram muay". Ua ntej pib kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Thai boxers, cov neeg ncaws pob nkag mus rau hauv lub xeev no ntawm lawv tus kheej thiab, raws li nws ntseeg, yog li ua rau kom muaj kev sib tw.
Zoo kawg
Yuav kom tau lub tswv yim zoo ntawm cov berserkers, nws raug nquahu kom nyeem Egil Saga. Qhov no yog ib txoj hauj lwm ntawm Icelandic epic, tus sau uas yog ntaus nqi rau Snorri Sturluson. Cov dabneeg no, sau nyob ib ncig ntawm 1220-1240, qhia tsis tau tsuas yog txog lub neej ntawm Egil Skallagrimsson, uas tau suav hais tias yog ib tug berserker, tab sis kuj hais txog lub neej ntawm cov neeg ntawm Scandinavia nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm 850 mus rau 1000.
Ntxiv rau cov ntawv sau tes, cov ntawv sau qhia txog tib neeg lub sijhawm ntawd, suav nrog Egil nws tus kheej, tau muaj sia nyob mus txog hnub no. Nyob rau hauv kev ncaj ncees, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv no epic lub ntsiab cim yog sawv cev los ntawm ib tug es tsis meej pem rau tus layman ntawm tam sim no. Nws nyuaj rau hais, tab sis tej zaum tus cwj pwm uas tau piav qhia hauv phau ntawv tau tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm.
Txawm li cas los xij tus phab ej uas berserkers tau qhia hauv cov dab neeg thiab dab neeg ntawm Scandinavia, qhov tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm lawv yog kev ntshai, lub zog thiab kev ua phem ua phem, uas ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm lawv cov yeeb ncuab. Cov tub rog no tau poob rau hauv keeb kwm raws li legendary, uas tsis muaj qhov sib npaug. Tam sim no, cov yeeb yaj kiab uas muaj Vikings thiab lwm cov tub rog Scandinavian yog qhov nrov heev, cov berserkers tau hais tias yog cov neeg tseem ceeb sib ntaus.
