"patricians" yog dab tsi? Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm

Cov txheej txheem:

"patricians" yog dab tsi? Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm
"patricians" yog dab tsi? Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm
Anonim

Tej zaum tom qab saib qee zaj yeeb yaj kiab keeb kwm lossis nyeem cov ntawv tseeb, koj yuav muaj cov lus nug txaus siab: "patricians" yog dab tsi? Lossis tej zaum koj cov menyuam yuav nug koj li no. Tab sis tsis txhob poob siab yog tias koj teb tsis tau tam sim ntawd. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yeej tsis lig dhau los kawm thiab kawm ib yam tshiab, txawm tias nrog koj cov menyuam. Hauv kab lus no, koj yuav kawm tias "patricians" yog dab tsi.

Cov lus luv luv

Lo lus yog Latin keeb kwm: los ntawm pater - txiv. Nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob qhov txiaj ntsig:

  1. Ib tug neeg uas koom nrog cov tsev neeg Roman qub, uas dhau los ua pawg tswj hwm thiab tuav thaj av pej xeem. Siv rau cov pej xeem uas nyob hauv Rome thaum ub.
  2. Ib tug neeg uas koom nrog cov tsev neeg muaj nyiaj burgher. Lawv kuj tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm tus kheej hauv nroog. Siv rau cov pej xeem nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog hauv Europeannroog.

Cia peb xav txog txhua qhov kev txhais lus sib cais.

Antique era

dab tsi yog patricians
dab tsi yog patricians

Muaj ib qho teeb meem ntawm kev txhais lus ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm cov patricians, uas yog vim qhov tsis sib xws ntawm ntau qhov chaw raws li kev tshawb fawb tau ua nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv. Thiab txhua tus kws sau keeb kwm muaj nws lub tswv yim, nyob ntawm seb qhov kev xav twg nws tau txhawb nqa. Cov neeg niaj hnub no tseem muaj kev cia siab rau cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm F. Engels, uas tau soj ntsuam cov patricians meej raws li cov pej xeem qub tshaj plaws ntawm Rome, uas nyob hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm ib lub koom haum pab pawg neeg. Cia peb tso tseg.

"patricians" yog dab tsi? Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus no tau piav qhia luv luv saum toj no, thiab tam sim no peb yuav xav txog nws cov ntsiab lus ntxaws ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, cov patricians nyob rau hauv Ancient Rome yog Ameslikas hu ua cov neeg hauv paus txawm, uas yog, tag nrho cov neeg uas raug suav hais tias yog ib feem ntawm pab pawg neeg. Qhov tseeb, lawv tsim cov neeg Loos, thiab lawv kuj tawm tsam cov plebeians.

Qee lub sij hawm tom qab ntawd, cov txiv yawg cov tsev neeg tau sib cais los ntawm pab pawg neeg. Tom qab ntawd, tsuas yog aristocrats, uas nws cov poj koob yawm txwv yog ib zaug ntawm cov huab tais senate, pib hu ua patricians.

Ntxiv mus, tsuas yog cov pawg tswj hwm, uas yog cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm Roman Republic, pib hu ua patricians hauv Rome. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua VI BC. Raws li yav tas los, lawv muaj cai siv pej xeem av.

Nws yog qhov nthuav tias tom qab kev koom nrog cov neeg plebeians hauv cov neeg Loos, thaum lawv tau ncaj ncees sib npaug nrog cov patricians, cov nom tswv tau tsim. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib koom ua kecov plebs thiab cov patriciate, thiab qhov xwm txheej no tshwm sim thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua III BC.

Medieval Europe

patricians nyob rau hauv medieval Europe
patricians nyob rau hauv medieval Europe

"patricians" yog dab tsi nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no? Nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, ib pab pawg neeg thaj av tau tsim, uas yog tus tswv ntawm nyiaj txiag, kev txiav txim plaub ntug thiab nom tswv-tswj tswj hwm hauv lub nroog dawb thiab imperial. Nws hu ua patrician.

Txhua tus tswvcuab, raws li txoj cai, muaj txoj cai los xaiv tsa nom tswv, thiab tseem yog tus thawj coj hauv nroog tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab, qhov tseeb, tsim lub Nroog Council. Yog li, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Upper strata ntawm lub imperial nroog burghers, lub bureaucracy ntawm magistrates, thiab cov tub lag luam nobility hu ua patricians. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lwm cov vaj tse feudal, piv txwv li, cov nom tswv thiab cov tswv yim, uas tau txais kev cai lij choj ntawm "burghers" kuj muaj cai hu ua xws li.

Nyob rau hauv teb chaws Europe medieval, cov patricians tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev ua haujlwm usury.

Zoo kawg

dab tsi yog patrician txhais
dab tsi yog patrician txhais

Tam sim no koj tus kheej paub thiab yuav tuaj yeem teb koj tus menyuam cov lus nug txog "patricians" yog dab tsi. Txawm hais tias nws yuav nyuaj rau nws nkag siab. Patricians nyob rau hauv Ancient Rome tsuas yog los ntawm tsev neeg koom nrog, raws li, qhov tseeb, nyob rau hauv medieval Europe. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub npe no tuaj yeem muab khoom plig rau ib tus neeg. Thiab tom qab kev tuag, ib tug neeg poob nws lub npe. Tab sis muaj qee zaus thaum lub npe no raug muab tshem tawm vim qee yam.

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