Rau ib qib lossis lwm qhov, txhua yam khoom muaj cov khoom sib nqus, txawm li cas los xij, cov ntawm lawv uas koom nrog hauv chav kawm ntawm ferromagnets muaj lawv tus kheej cov qauv, uas tso cai rau lawv khaws cov lus qhia. Qhov zoo no yog siv los sau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg uas nws qhov chaw tuaj yeem taw qhia, tsim kom muaj "nco". Thaum lub sij hawm magnetization, ib qho tshwm sim ntawm lub cev yog siv, uas tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm lo lus "lag". Graphically, nws yog sawv cev los ntawm qhov hu ua hysteresis voj.
Ferromagnets muaj peev xwm ua kom magnetize spontaneously, lawv cov qauv molecular muaj cov thawj, uas yog, qhov chaw ntawm magnetization, txawm li cas los xij, ntau txoj kab ntawm kev quab yuam sib cuam tshuam rau lawv qhov kev ua, thiab yog li ntawd ib daim ntawm cov hlau zoo tib yam lossis npib tsib xee. tsis tsim nws tus kheej magnetic teb.
Yuav kom lub ferromagnet los ua ib tug hlau nplaum, cov magnetic teb ntawm lub domains yuav tsum tau taw qhia nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia, uas lawv yuav tsum raug rau ib qho kev tawm tsam sab nraud, thaum lub sij hawm lub voj voog hysteresis tshwm.
Kev siv zog ntawm cov hlau nplaum nyob ib puag ncig ferromagnet ua rau muaj kev taw qhia ua ntejchaotic domains, thiab lawv tus kheej qhia teb, thaum lub zajlus ntawm ob tsis muaj ib tug siab saturation point, nyob rau hauv uas cov ntaub ntawv los ua ib leeg-domain. Thaum tsim ib daim teb nyob rau hauv qhov opposite direction, nws muaj peev xwm mus txog rau qhov qis saturation point, tab sis cov kab ntawm daim duab yuav tsis rov ua nws txoj kev ncaj qha, tab sis yuav tsum tau hloov rov qab, vim hais tias lub zog ntxiv yuav tsum tau reorient lub domains. Lub voj hysteresis yog ib lub voj voog qhia txog qhov tsis meej ntawm qhov kev siv qhov tseem ceeb nrog rau kev induction nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej thiab thim rov qab cov lus qhia.
Qhov tseeb, ntau cov txheej txheem kev siv tshuab kuj tseem muaj qhov cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm kev coj ua mus rau qhov tsis sib xws. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv elastic deformations, lub cev kuj hloov lawv qhov ntev ambiguously, thiab lawv cov duab yog tib hysteresis voj. Inertia muaj nyob rau hauv txhua yam txheej txheem lub cev.
Cov cuab yeej ntawm ferromagnets khaws lawv cov hlau nplaum yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib nqus.
Nyob rau hauv thawj daim kab xev kaw lus, cov hlau hlau tau siv los ua tus nqa khoom, uas, dhau los ntawm lub taub hau kaw, uas yog lub kauj inductance, tau magnetized nyob ntawm qhov siv ntawm qhov chaw nws tsim. Tom qab ntawd, raws li cov cuab yeej txhim kho, lawv pib siv ib daim kab xev nrog ib txheej ntawm cov hmoov tshuaj tso rau ntawm nws, uas muaj zog sib nqus zog, txawm li cas los xij, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem tsis hloov pauv. Lub voj hysteresis ntawm ferromagnet tsim cov xwm txheej rau kev khaws ciacov ntaub ntawv no.
Tsev neeg daim kab xev kaw tsis tau siv niaj hnub no, txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm tau poob qhov tseem ceeb. Hauv cov khoos phis tawj niaj hnub no, tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sau npe sib nqus, uas yog raws li lub voj voog hysteresis, yog siv los sau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm hard drives.
