Nyob hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim qauv logistics, cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntsig txog kev txhim kho kev lag luam thiab kev tswj hwm kev lag luam zoo. Hauv kev xyaum, lawv tso cai rau koj ua haujlwm zoo dua rau lwm txoj kev npaj, nrog rau nthuav koj txoj kev nkag siab txog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem uas twb muaj lawm. Qhov zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis hauv kev xa khoom tsis xaus rau ntawd, tab sis nws tsim nyog saib rau lwm yam ntawm kev siv lub tswv yim no kom ntxaws.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntws hauv logistics
txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem logistics, cov ntaub ntawv cov cuab yeej siv, uas suav nrog kho vajtse, khoom siv, khoom siv rau kev ua thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv. Ua haujlwmcov neeg tsim khoom tsim kev daws teeb meem rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis - muab lub sijhawm rau cov neeg siv khoom kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv raug, siv tau, txhim khu kev qha thiab raws sijhawm. Rau kev yooj yim ntawm kev ua qauv, cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv siv lub tswv yim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntws, uas qhia txog lub tswv yim ntawm kev siv cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis hauv kev xa khoom. Luv luv, lo lus no tuaj yeem hais tawm raws li cov lus xa mus rau cov khoom siv lossis cov kev pabcuam hauv cov qauv kev txiav txim siab logistics. Nws tuaj yeem hais tau tias qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm, superimposed lossis tsim nyob rau hauv tib lub sijhawm rau ib txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb logistics, uas yog npaj rau kev siv cov kev tswj xyuas.
Raws li daim ntawv ntawm cov lus hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntws, nws cov tsos nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev siv. Ob qho tib si ntawv xov xwm thiab kev sawv cev hluav taws xob tuaj yeem siv tau. Tau kawg, rau kev siv tau yooj yim dua ntawm kev siv cov ntaub ntawv streaming, kev siv cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis hauv kev xa khoom yog nqa tawm ntawm lub hauv paus digital, uas yooj yim dua rau kev ua thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntau. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tag nrho cov electronization ntawm lub network ntws yog nyob deb ntawm ib txwm ua tau vim qhov tsawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa; yog li ntawd, cov ntawv xov xwm, xov tooj, cov duab kos duab, thiab lwm yam tseem siv tau. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntws nws tus kheej yog qhov tseem ceeb dua. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, dab tsi yog cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug logistics qauv nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus? Txawm tias ib lub lag luam me tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog ntau cov ntaub ntawv, suav nroguas cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lwm tus neeg, ntau lawm muaj peev xwm, assortments, warehouse parameters, lag luam dynamics, nyiaj txiag nqi, kev cai tswj, thiab lwm yam.
yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntws
Cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa muab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov tsis tas yuav ua kom cov lag luam ua tau zoo. Cov ntaub ntawv tib yam hauv cov dej ntws uas tau tsim, khaws cia thiab nthuav tawm los ntawm kev xa khoom tuaj yeem tsuas yog muaj txiaj ntsig yog tias cov ntaub ntawv no tau sib xyaw ua ke thiab siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem xa khoom. Tab sis qhov tseeb ntawm nws qhov cuam tshuam rau kev tsim khoom tsis txaus los lees paub cov qauv uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, vim tias cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm nws daim ntawv thov yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau kev nqis peev thiab cov peev txheej siv los txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntws. Kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm kev siv cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm tshwj xeeb hauv kev xa khoom tuaj yeem raug soj ntsuam raws li cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- Kev ntseeg tau thiab siv tau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
- Qib kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kev xa xov nrog cov ntaub ntawv tshiab.
- xov tus nqi.
- Channel bandwidth (ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv dhau mus thiab ua tiav ib chav tsev ntawm lub sijhawm).
- Kev siv hluav taws xob zoo ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev. Hauv qhov no, peb tuaj yeem tham txog qhov laj thawj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntws tawm, suav nrog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev ua kom zoo rau lawv kom nrawm nrawm ntawm cov lus thiab txo cov peev txheej siv los tswj lub network.
Kom ua tiav cov qauv logisticskev tswj xyuas nrog kev txhawb nqa cov ntaub ntawv, cov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej thiab yam tseem ceeb hauv qab no:
- Kev tsim nyog ntawm kev ua tiav thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem tswj xyuas.
- Cov ntaub ntawv txaus thiab cov koom haum tsis muaj peev xwm los txhawb nqa tus txheej txheem.
- Thawj tsim cov txheej txheem zoo rau kev tswj hwm kev lag luam logistics sab nraum cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm.
- Nws tuaj yeem txo lub sijhawm rau kev tawm tswv yim hauv qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb - suav nrog kev siv cov kev sib txuas lus thaub qab.
Cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam
Txhua tus qauv logistic muab rau ntau pab pawg sib txuas uas tsim cov qauv kev ua haujlwm uas muab ib feem ntawm kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm hauv ib qho kev tsim khoom. Ib tus neeg ua haujlwm qhov chaw ua haujlwm, chav ua haujlwm lossis cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov sib txuas. Dab tsi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis yuav siv rau hauv cov qauv no? Hauv kev xa khoom, cov no yog kev sib txuas lus ncaj qha, uas nyob rau hauv kev xyaum tau koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:
- Computerization ntawm cov txheej txheem tswj. Nyob rau theem pib, equipping tib qhov chaw ua hauj lwm los yog dispatching (tus neeg teb xov tooj) consoles nrog computers.
- software. Daim ntawv thov software systems tau raug qhia los tswj cov ntaub ntawv, taug qab kev txav ntawm cov khoom, thiab ua kom cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim siab, kev npaj, saib xyuas thiab kev kwv yees.
- Kev taw qhia lossis kev kho tshiab ntawm cov chaw xa cov ntaub ntawv. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov qauv tsim thiab cov kev cai rau tib cov ntaub ntawv ntws tau tsim, tom qab uas cov cuab yeej txiav txim siab los ntawm lub network yuav ua haujlwm.
Raws li kev siv cov ntsiab lus saum toj no, cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis hauv kev xa khoom ntawm ib lub tuam txhab tshwj xeeb yuav muab lub peev xwm los tswj txhua theem ntawm kev tsim khoom nrog kev txav ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom. Raws li kev xyaum qhia, twb yog thawj zaug tom qab kev tshaj tawm ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, cov neeg ua haujlwm tswj xyuas kom paub qhov tsis raug thiab poob hauv cov khoom ntws uas ua haujlwm raws li cov txheej txheem qub.
Txoj cai ntawm kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv logistics qauv
Cov xwm txheej rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus tau muab tso rau ntawm theem ntawm kev teeb tsa txoj haujlwm thiab tsim ib txoj haujlwm qhia txog kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si, thaum npaj, yuav tsum tsom rau cov hauv paus ntsiab lus hauv qab no:
- Redundancy. Khaws lub peev xwm los nthuav dav ntau yam haujlwm yav tom ntej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa platform tam sim no.
- Hierarchy. Lub kaw lus yuav tsum nruj me ntsis subordinated rau ib tug tej yam kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ntau theem, coj mus rau hauv tus account lub tshwj xeeb kev siv ntawm cov kev pab cuam kom ua tau lawv.
- Data aggregation. Muaj peev xwm ntawm ntau qib kev suav nyiaj ntawm kev thov.
- Kev ua kom zoo thiab kev sib raug zoo. Cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis tau qhia rau hauv cov qauv kev tswj hwm logistics yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xam raws li kev siv hluav taws xob thiab kev ua tau zoo.
- Kev sib haum xeeb. Tsim khoib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntsuas uas tsis suav nrog qhov ua tau ntawm kev nthuav tawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug lossis kev ua tsis raug.
- Qhib system. Yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav cov ntaub ntawv thawj zaug.
- Txhim kho rau kev hloov pauv kev ua haujlwm thiab thov tshiab.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txawv tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov kev thov ntawm cov qauv logistic. Nyob rau hauv ib rooj plaub, qhov yuav tsum tau rau kev ntseeg siab thiab kev ruaj ntseg yuav tuaj mus rau lub hauv ntej, nyob rau hauv lwm yam - rau optimization thiab sib xws, thiab nyob rau hauv peb - rau kev sib tham sib thiab functionality.
Kev npaj thauj khoom siv cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm
Yog tsis muaj kev npaj ua raws li tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tawm tswv yim, nws tsis tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa rau kev lag luam logistics. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua yuam kev thaum lub sij hawm tsim txoj kev npaj, txawm tias nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qhov tsis raug me me, tuaj yeem ua rau kev tsim khoom tsis ua haujlwm, ncua sijhawm thiab kev ua txhaum ntawm tus kheej cov txheej txheem. Qhov no yog vim muaj kev vam meej ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov chains ua haujlwm. Vim li no, cov kev pabcuam thev naus laus zis tshiab tau qhia tshwj xeeb rau kev npaj ntawm thaj chaw no. Piv txwv li, cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis, uas tau koom nrog kev xa khoom hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev kos cov phiaj xwm rau kev siv cov khoom siv rau kev tsim khoom, yog raws li lub tswv yim ntawm MRP (Material Requirements Plan). Qhov no yog ib txoj hauv kev tsim cov phiaj xwm tsim khoom thiab kev yuav khoom tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom thiab tso tawm cov khoom ntxiv. Cov ntaub ntawv MRP txhais cov peev txheej, yam ntxwv, daim ntawv thov, thiab lwm yam npentsuas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov khoom yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv ib qho kev tsim khoom theem.
Nyob rau hauv cov tswv yim tob ntxiv, DRP (Kev Npaj Yuav Tsum Muaj Kev Npaj) kuj tseem siv, raws li cov txheej txheem sab hauv ntawm cov peev txheej thiab cov khoom lag luam raug tsim. Hauv kev xa khoom xa tawm, cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis raws li DRP kuj tseem siv los tswj cov khoom lag luam kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo dua, suav nrog cov ntsiab lus rov ua dua tshiab, cov phiaj xwm kev thauj mus los, kev sib txuas ntau lawm, kev faib tawm, thiab lwm yam. technology, tab tom siv thiab cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho cov khoom zoo tswj.
Txoj kev npaj ua haujlwm
Tsis yog tsuas yog kev tsim khoom tau zoo dua los ntawm kev qhia txog cov qauv logistics, tab sis kuj yog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem npaj nws tus kheej. Tsis ntev los no, ntau lub lag luam tau txav los ntawm cov rooj sib txoos ib txwm muaj nrog cov phiaj xwm thiab cov duab kos duab rau hauv computer-pab tsim thev naus laus zis rau kev saib xyuas thiab tswj cov peev txheej thiab peev txheej. Hais txog cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa ntawm kev xa khoom, nws tsim nyog hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm synchronous kev npaj ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, uas tsom mus rau kev qhia txog kev sib txuas nrog cov saw hlau, suav nrog cov kev txwv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tsim khoom tshwj xeeb.
Qhov txawv ntawm qhov kev npaj tshiab yog dab tsi? Ua ntej, qhov yooj yim ntawm kev thov logistics hauv txhua kis tshwj xeeb nce. Ntawd yog, muaj kev tsis lees paubcov qauv yooj yim zoo sib xws ntawm tib lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv raw lossis cov khoom, piv txwv li, los ntawm cov khoom siv mus rau ib lub tsev rau khoom. Lub zeem muag ntawm txoj haujlwm tau nthuav dav los ntawm suav nrog cov yam tsis ncaj ncees vim qhov nuances thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tso tawm ntawm ib qho khoom tshwj xeeb. Qhov thib ob, kev siv cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis hauv kev xa khoom nrog cov txheej txheem kev npaj ua haujlwm muab rau kev ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm synchronism ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm thiab cov kev txwv. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias, piv txwv li, thaum ua kev yuav khoom lossis thauj khoom thauj, cov peev txheej thiab kev txwv muaj peev xwm raug coj mus rau hauv tus account, feem. Qhov no feature tsuas yog nce qib ntawm optimization ntawm ntau lawm yam tsis tau txo nws nominal efficiency. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem kev npaj siab tshaj plaws synchronous, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab muab kev txhawb nqa tau sib cais los ntawm kev teem caij ua qauv ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis tag nrho.
Logistics simulation
Informatization niaj hnub no tsis tshua muaj kev simulation qauv, uas tso cai rau koj los daws cov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm kev npaj peev txheej zoo, kev tswj xyuas qhov project thiab kev kwv yees ntawm kev lag luam. Kev coj ua ntawm kev siv cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis hauv kev xa khoom niaj hnub no qhia txog kev txhim kho kev vam meej ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev simulation qauv:
- Isomorphic. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus qauv yog tsim los mus rau hauv tus account tag nrho cov tsis thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub hom phiaj khoom, uas yuav to taub raws li ob qho tib si cov ntaub ntawv ntws thiab cov khoom nrog cov neeg ua hauj lwm thiab cov chaw tsim khoom. Qhov dav thiab tob dua txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thawj zaug, qhov tseeb dua tus qauv.
- hmoob. Cov qauv ntawm nohom yog raws li ib feem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov khoom logistics. Kev siv tsawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thawj zaug tuaj yeem yog vim tsis muaj lub cev muaj peev xwm tau txais nws, lossis tsis muaj peev xwm simulating cov khoom tshwj xeeb thiab cov yam ntxwv.
kauj ruam tom ntej yog los tsim cov qauv tshwj xeeb. Ib zaug ntxiv, cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis uas siv hauv kev xa khoom feem ntau suav nrog cov cuab yeej digital thiab khoos phis tawj, tab sis lub cev tsim cov khoom siv cov khoom siv tsis suav nrog. Cov qauv ntawm cov qauv no suav nrog txo cov layouts. Qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog kev txhim kho ntawm cov tshuab uas sib txuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev txheeb xyuas thiab kev suav lej nrog kev xav hauv kev muaj tiag virtual - qhov no yog li cas, tshwj xeeb, lub tswv yim niaj hnub ntawm e-Manufacturing ua haujlwm.
Ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis hauv logistics
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, uas feem ntau yuav cuam tshuam txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm kev thauj mus los niaj hnub no hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv, yog kev sib txuas ntawm computer suav, tsim thiab simulation nrog kev muaj tiag. Qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev tshawb fawb hauv qhov kev taw qhia no yog augmented reality (AR tswvyim), uas yog, tus qauv tsim los ntawm lub computer, tab sis xav txog qee yam txheej txheem ntawm kev muaj tiag. Hauv kev tsim khoom logistics, AR-raws li cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis tau siv los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov chaw thiab kev xav. Implemented systemtso cai rau koj taug qab ib qho khoom hauv 3D duab, sau nws cov kev txav hauv lub sijhawm nrog rau tag nrho cov npe ntawm cov yam ntxwv uas cuam tshuam txog nws lub xeev tam sim no.
Ib thaj chaw nrov sib npaug hauv kev txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm los txhawb nqa cov haujlwm logistics yog tsim cov txheej txheem suav nyiaj software. Cov no yog cov khoos phis tawj muaj zog uas muaj peev xwm ua tiav ntau pua thiab ntau txhiab tus ntsuas kev ua tau zoo, tseem suav nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov neeg tsis muaj zog. Nyob rau hauv logistics, niaj hnub cov ntaub ntawv technologies ntawm pab pawg neeg no yog tsom rau optimization thiab generalization ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev ua haujlwm yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog ntau cov ntaub ntawv, uas tseem suav nrog cov sijhawm tsim khoom, cov sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov khoom tsim khoom hnub, thiab lwm yam. Muaj peev xwm ntawm kev kuaj mob nrog kev kho ntawm kev suav algorithms nyob rau hauv tag nrho automation hom yam tsis muaj tus neeg teb xov tooj kev koom tes. kuj tseem ceeb heev.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis hauv kev xa khoom
Txawm hais tias nrog thawj theem thev naus laus zis ntawm kev qhia txog cov ntsiab lus hauv kev xa khoom, kev ua haujlwm zoo rau kev tswj hwm ntau yam kev ntws hauv kev lag luam nce. Ntxiv rau, ntxiv rau kev txhim kho tus kheej cov ntsuas, cov yam ntxwv tshiab tau ntxiv:
- Kev hloov pauv cov chaw taws teeb nrawm nrawm rau ntau lub hom phiaj.
- Automation ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev taug qab cov khoom txav thiab cov cim tsim khoom.
- Complex lossis ib feem saib xyuas cov ntws hauv homreal time.
- Kev ua tiav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog ob qho tib si kev ua haujlwm sab hauv ntawm kev lag luam thiab lub xeev ntawm kev ua lag luam.
- Daim ntawv thov "paperless" thev naus laus zis, suav nrog kos npe hluav taws xob, kev them nyiaj hluav taws xob, kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv digital, thiab lwm yam.
- Switching to e-commerce systems.
Thaum kawg, lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis hauv kev xa khoom tau cuam tshuam los ntawm cov hom phiaj ntawm cov tuam txhab siv cov txheej txheem hauv kev xyaum:
- Txoj kev muaj sia nyob hauv ib puag ncig kev sib tw niaj hnub no.
- Muab cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub tuam txhab nrog cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm, uas ua rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm.
- Ntau qhov tseeb hauv kev tsim qauv logistics, uas txo cov nqi tsim khoom.
- Kev nthuav dav cov haujlwm ntawm lub koom haum thiab kev tswj hwm complex.
- Kev hloov pauv hloov cov tswv yim tsim khoom hauv kev lag luam dynamic.
Zoo kawg
Kev xa khoom zoo yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm cov tuam txhab niaj hnub no. Txawm hais tias muaj cov qauv tsim ua kom zoo rau kev ua lag luam kev lag luam, qib qis ntawm kev tswj hwm thiab tswj kev txav ntawm cov khoom yuav tsis tso cai rau lub tuam txhab muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev sib tw. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv technology tsis tsuas yog txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm logistics, tab sis kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no niaj hnub no, kuj nthuav lub koom haum thiab kev sib txuas lus muaj peev xwm ntawm kev lag luam koom nyob rau hauv ntau theem. Theoretically, cov zoolees paub los ntawm cov phau ntawv hais txog kev siv thev naus laus zis hauv kev xa khoom:
- Tikhonov A. Supply chain management information systems.
- Schreibfeder J. Kev Tswj Xyuas Cov Khoom Muag Zoo.
- Vernikov G. "Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, kev xav thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm MRP".
Yog tias peb tham txog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm hauv kev xa khoom, tom qab ntawd nws tau lees paub los ntawm kev xav tau ntawm cov tuam txhab me me kom hloov mus rau cov khoom lag luam digital khiav tswj kev tswj hwm. Nyob rau hauv lub tuam txhab ntau dua, kev nthuav qhia loj ntawm kev siv tshuab computer yog nrog kev siv cov kev sib txuas hauv zos thiab kev sib txuas lus ceev ceev. Qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm kev sib tham sib technologies tshiab kuj yog ib tug tshiab evolutionary theem nyob rau hauv logistics.
