Lo lus zoo nkauj thiab tseem ceeb - "admiral"! Yog li noble thiab militant. Hais nws, ib tug tam sim ntawd nco qab Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov, nto moo rau nws exploits thiab kev pab cuam rau lub teb chaws, nws Majesty's Admiral.
Tab sis lo lus "admiral" txhais li cas? Thiab koj nkag siab thiab siv nws li cas? Yog tias koj xav ua kom paub nyeem ntawv thiab tsis xav kom pom tias tsis paub, koj yuav tsum tau nyeem cov kab lus ntxim nyiam no. Thiab txhua yam yuav paub meej rau koj!
lo lus "admiral": meaning
Lo lus "admiral" yog los ntawm Dutch keeb kwm. Tab sis, raws li phau ntawv txhais lus ntawm fabulist Ivan Andreevich Krylov, lo lus no los ntawm Arabic "emir al bah." Uas txhais tau tias "tus kav / tus tswv / tus tswv ntawm lub hiav txwv."
Lub Dutch hloov nws me ntsis kom nws yooj yim rau kev hais. Thiab yog li ntawd, lo lus Arabic tau hloov mus ua Dutch (admiraal).
Hauv Lavxias, lo lus "admiral" (uas lub ntsiab lus muaj ntau haiv neeg) tau tshwm sim ua tsaug rau tus huab tais Lavxias teb sab Peter I, paub txog "txiav lub qhov rais mus rau Tebchaws Europe" thiab tsim lub nkoj Lavxias.
Lo lus muaj peb lub ntsiab lus:
- Ua ntej, nws qhia txog qib, qib (nrog ob pebkev loj hlob theem) ntawm cov tub ceev xwm siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tub rog. Ob leeg hauv Russia thiab hauv ntau lub tebchaws.
- Thib ob, tus no yog tus tuav lub npe no.
- Thib peb, hom kab npauj npaim diurnal (muaj xim dub-liab-dawb), uas yog tsev neeg Nymphalidae thiab nyob hauv cov teb chaws Europe thiab Esxias, kuj hu ua admiral.
leej twg yog tus thawj coj?
So, Admiral. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus no muaj cov hauv paus hniav Arabic. Thiab nws txhais tau tias "tus tswv ntawm hiav txwv." Tag nrho cov flotilla yog subordinate rau ib tug neeg nrog rau qib no, yog li no lub npe yog ob qho tag nrho prestigious thiab khi heev, lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau tib lub sij hawm.
Qib ntawm tus neeg tsav dav hlau muaj qee yam hierarchy:
- Rear Admiral. Commands ib pab, nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm kev tuag ntawm ib tug lwm yam admiral, nws yuav siv sij hawm nws qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub taub hau ntawm ib pab tub rog uas muaj peb division.
- Vice Admiral. txib ib pab tub rog.
- Admiral. Ntawm nws lub xub pwg nyom cov thawj coj ntawm lub flotilla, uas muaj xws li ob peb squadrons.
- Fleet Admiral. Tus thawj tswj hwm, yog li nws cov lus txiav txim siab ntxiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov xwm txheej. Hauv paus, tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm lub nkoj zaum ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm dav dav.
Keeb Kwm Keeb Kwm ntawm lub npe
Admiral yog ib qho ntawm cov laus tshaj plaws, nws tau tshwm sim hauv Hnub Nyoog Nruab Nrab thaum ntxov ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Arab lub tebchaws. Twb tau nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XII, lub npe no tuaj rau Tebchaws Europe thiab dhau los ua tus naval sib npaug (sib npaug hauv xwm txheej) rau lub npe ntawm dav dav hauv av. Tab sisTxhawb nqa mus rau tub ceev xwm sai sai.
Nyob Fab Kis teb, cov vajntxwv uas kav lub hiav txwv txawm raug xaiv tsa los, muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb tus nplawm tus ntaj thiab lawv tus chij, thiab lawv txoj cai suav nrog kev txib txhua lub nkoj.
qeb tau tshwm sim hauv Russia li cas?
Admiral yog ib qib tub rog uas tau nkag mus rau hauv Lavxias Lavxias los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm Peter I rov qab rau xyoo 1706. Thawj tus huab tais Lavxias tau tsim nws lub nkoj zoo li cov tub rog Dutch. Tias yog vim li cas qhov qeb duas hauv nws lub ntsiab lus tau sib npaug rau thaj av dav dav.
Tseem nyob rau xyoo pua 19th, lub hierarchy ntawm admiral qeb tau tshwm sim. Cov qeb tau qhia xws li:
- rov qab-tus thawj coj;
- vice admiral - lieutenant general.
Xyoo 1935, Lavxias Navy kuj tau txais lub npe no. Tom qab ntawd, cov npe hauv qab no tau ntxiv:
- Fleet Admiral;
-
Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union (txog xyoo 1993. Tam sim no Admiral ntawm Navy ntawm Lavxias Federation).
Rab Admiral
Tab sis ua ntej ua ntej. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus "rov qab admiral" yog raws li nram no: rear admiral yog thawj kauj ruam nyob rau hauv no hierarchy. Qib lossis qeb, raws li qhov siab ntawm ib tus txheej xwm, yog sib npaug rau thaj av loj.
Russian Rear Admirals:
- Nikolai Osipovich Abramov;
- Alexander Petrovich Alexandrov;
- YVasily Emelyanovich Ananyich;
- Neon Vasilyevich Antonov;
- YMikhailIvanovich Arapov;
- YVladimir Aleksandrovich Belli;
- YViktor Platonovich Bogolepov;
- Nikolai Aleksandrovich Bologov;
- YPavel Ivanovich Boltunov;
- YSergey Borisovich Verkhovsky.
Tus Lwm Thawj Coj Admiral
Vice Admiral yog kauj ruam thib ob ntawm Admiral lub hierarchy. Sib raug rau qib ntawm lieutenant general nyob rau hauv cov tub rog general.
Russian lwm tus neeg saib xyuas:
- Valentin Petrovich Drozd;
- Ivan Dmitrievich Eliseev;
- YZhukov Gavriil Vasilyevich;
- YIlya Danilovich Kulishov;
- Lev Andreevich Kournikov;
- YMikhail Zakharovich Moskolenko;
- Alexander Andreevich Nikolaev;
- YAnatoly Nikolaevich Petrov;
- Yuri Fedorovich Ral;
- Alexander Mikhailovich Rumyantsev.
Nkauj qhuas vaajtswv
Admiral yog tus thib peb ntawm hierarchy no. Thib ob hauv kev laus tom qab Admiral ntawm Fleet. Hais txog thaj av qeb "colonel general".
Russian admirals:
- Pavel Sergeyevich Abankin;
- Nikolai Efremovich Basisty;
- Nikolai Ignatievich Vinogradov;
- Lev Anatolyevich Vladimirsky;
- Arseniy G. Golovko;
- YFyodor Vladimirovich Zozulya;
- Ivan Stepanovich Yumashevich;
- Stepan G. Kucherov;
- Gordey Ivanovich Levchenko;
- Philip Sergeyevich Oktyabrsky.
Cov neeg nto moo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab, paub txog kev ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv txoj hmoo ntawm lub nkoj thiab txoj hmoo ntawm tag nrho lub tebchaws, yog:
- Fyodor Matveyevich Apraksin (repelled qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm Swedes nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, yuam lub Vyborg fortress rau capitulate, coj ib feem nyob rau hauv lub swb ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Swedish huab tais Charles XII).
- Fyodor Fedorovich Ushakov (tsis poob ib lub nkoj thiab yeej tag nrho plaub caug-peb sib ntaus sib tua).
- Ivan Fedorovich Kruzenshtern (coj thawj Lavxias teb sab ncig-lub ntiaj teb ntoj ke mus kawm).
- Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov (hais txib ntawm lub nkoj thiab av rog thaum lub sij hawm lub Crimean tsov rog thiab sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Sevastopol).
- Nikolai Ottovich Essen (kev koom tes hauv Russo-Japanese Tsov Rog thiab hais kom ua ntawm B altic Fleet hauv Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog Zaum 1).
Title "Admiral ntawm Fleet"
qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm tus neeg tsav dav hlau hierarchy. Sib raug rau cov tub rog qib ntawm "General ntawm pab tub rog". Ib tug neeg tuav qib no suav tias yog Tus Thawj Tub Ceev Xwm ntawm Navy (Navy).
Tsuas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tau ua tiav lub npe no. Nyob rau hauv lub USSR, lawv muaj qeb no:
- Sergei Georgievich Gorshkov;
- Ivan Stepanovich Isakov;
- Nikolai Gerasimovich Kuznetsov.
Tom qab lub tebchaws tawg rog, kuv tswj tau mus txog qib thiab tau lub npe:
- To Felix Nikolaevich Gromov;
- YTo Vladimir Ivanovich Kuroyedov;
- Rau Vladimir Vasilyevich Masorin.
Npauj Npaim Admiral
Hauv phau ntawv txhais lus tsis yog tsuas yog txhais ncaj qha ntawm lo lus "admiral". Vim hais tias ntxiv rau lub npe ntawm tus naval rank, nrog rau tus neeg uas hnav lub rank no, kuj muaj ib tug npauj npaim hu ua txoj kev.
Tau kawg, tus npauj npaim no tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog hiav txwv. Nws nyob hauv av thiab tuaj yeem pom thaum nruab hnub. Tab sis vim li cas nws thiaj muab lub npe txawv txawv "marine"?
Nws yog txhua yam hais txog nws cov xim, nws tseem nco txog tus neeg hnav khaub ncaws hnav. Npauj npaim muaj cov tis dub, nrog cov kab liab dav dav raws cov npoo, zoo ib yam li cov kab txaij ntawm cov ris tsho hnav ris tsho. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pob dawb kuj tseem ua rau ntawm tis ntawm npauj npaim, zoo li kev txiav txim thiab hnub qub ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas lub tsho.
Admiral Npauj Npaim yog ib tug tsiaj txhu uas nyiam sov so heev. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej qhov pib ntawm huab cua txias, nws ya mus rau warmer climes, feem ntau yog rau African lub teb chaws. Nws cov tis yog qhov loj thiab ruaj khov, ua tsaug rau cov npauj npaim tuaj yeem yooj yim npog qhov kev ncua deb.
Nkauj kab ntsig kuj zoo nkauj heev. Lawv yog cov dawb nrog daj dots thiab kab txaij. Caterpillars nyiam noj mov ntawm nettles thiab thistles. Thiab butterflies nyiam kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, paj nectar thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Admiral Npauj Npaim yog qhov txawv heev thiab ua txhaum cai tua lawv. Txij li cov tsiaj ntxim nyiam no tsis tshua muaj, lawv tseem muaj npe nyob rau hauv Liabphau ntawv.
Tam sim no koj paub tias lo lus "admiral" txhais li cas, thiab koj tuaj yeem siv nws kom raug. Ua tsaug rau koj mloog!
