Yog koj paub txog lub tswvyim ntawm "hypertext", ces feem ntau koj twb tau hnov txog tus phab ej ntawm peb zaj dab neeg. Qhov no yog Ted Nelson - philosopher, sociologist, ib tug ntawm cov pioneers nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm cov ntaub ntawv technology. Cia peb kawm paub txog nws tej yaam num, zaj dab neeg ntawm lub neej kom ntxaws.
Nws yog leej twg - Ted Nelson?
Theodor Holm Nelson ua kev zoo siab rau nws hnub yug 80 xyoo no - tus kws tshawb fawb tau yug rau lub Tsib Hlis 17, 1937. Qhov no American sociologist thiab philosopher paub zoo tshaj plaws rau lub ntiaj teb no raws li tus inventor ntawm lub sij hawm "hypertext" thiab ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov ntsiab lus zoo sib xws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sphere, tus creator ntawm lub Xanadu system. Nws kuj tau ua haujlwm ntawm ZigZag qauv, XanaduSpace. Nws, "kev sau ntawv romantic thiab cov tswv yim" (raws li nws hu nws tus kheej), kuj suav hais tias yog "ob leej txiv ntawm hypermedia" tom qab Vannevar Bush.
Lo lus "hypertext", uas coj nws muaj koob meej, yog thawj zaug tshaj tawm los ntawm Ted Nelson xyoo 1962 thiab siv luam tawm xyoo 1965. Nws kuj yog tus sau cov ntsiab lus zoo thiab nthuav dav niaj hnub no xws li "hypermedia", "teledildonics", "hypermedia" thiab lwm yam.
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm Ted Nelson txoj haujlwm yog ua kom cov khoos phis tawj nkag siab rau tib neeg. Nws tau hais tias qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov cuab yeej no yuav tsum muaj lub laj thawj zoo uas txawm tias nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb, tus pib tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb yog dab tsi hauv 10 vib nas this.
Ted Nelson, uas nws daim duab peb nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm, muaj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo rau HTML, XML thiab browser systems tsim los ntawm nws qhov kev tsim. Nws tau hais tias HTML yog qhov nws thiab nws pab neeg tau sim tiv thaiv thaum lawv tsim Xanadu. Txawm li cas los xij, cia peb tham txog txhua yam hauv kev txiav txim.
Biography T. Nelson
Theodore Nelson yug hauv New York, Tebchaws Asmeskas. Nws txiv yog Grammy Award-winning thawj coj Ralph Nelson thiab nws niam yog Academy Award-winning Hollywood actress Celeste Holm.
Thaum me nyuam yaus, nws sim nkag siab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tej yam, kev sib raug zoo ntawm lawv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Theodore ua tsis tau zoo hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Tom qab ntawd Ted Nelson txuas ntxiv nws txoj kev kawm ntawm Swarthmore College, kawm tiav nrog Bachelor of Philosophy. Twb tau nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv theem siab, nws tau koom nrog kev tshaj tawm nws cov ntawv sau hauv tsev kawm. Saib tom ntej, peb kuj tseem nco ntsoov tias Nelson tuav MA hauv Sociology (1963) thiab PhD hauv Media thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas (2002).
Tom qab ntawd Ted nkag mus rau chav haujlwm sociology ntawm Harvard University. Nyob ntawd nws kuj tau txaus siab los ntawm kev kawm computer rau tib neeg. Ntau npaum li ntawd nws xaiv ib qho kev ua cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb raws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm nws txoj haujlwm kawm tiav, uas yuav ua rau tus kws sau ntawv sib pivCov ntawv ntawm koj cov ntawv sau, hloov pauv, thiab tom qab ntawd rov qab mus rau qhov hloov pauv ua ntej.
Xyoo 1965, Ted Nelson thawj phau ntawv keeb kwm tau luam tawm, qhov uas nws tau tham txog cov ntaub ntawv muaj feem cuam tshuam, thiab tseem siv lo lus "hypertext" rau cov ntaub ntawv tsis-linear thawj zaug.
Project Xanadu
Xanadu yog ib qhov haujlwm tsis tiav uas Theodore Nelson tau mob siab rau 30 xyoo ntawm nws lub neej. Nws coj lub npe txawv txawv los ntawm cov paj huam mystical los ntawm S. Coleridge Kubla Khan. Nyob ntawd, Xanadu yog qhov zoo heev muaj ntawm Mongol Khan, qhov chaw Marco Polo nyob rau 12 xyoo. Namely, Nelson muab lub npe no rau nws creation, vim hais tias nws xav hais tias nws tsim xws li ib tug system, ib tug tej yam yees siv qhov chaw uas tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tsis nco qab lawm.
Xanadu yog cov ntawv tshawb nrhiav thiab khaws cia uas nws lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog kev sib raug zoo thiab "qhov rais". Cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb unit. Nrog kev pab ntawm "qhov rais" los ntawm nws, koj tuaj yeem kos ib txoj hauv kev mus rau lwm qhov. Yog li, thaum siv, ntau thiab ntau kev sib txuas tshwm sim, "windows" ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, uas nthuav tag nrho cov kab ke, tso cai rau nws hloov zuj zus.
Raws li ua pov thawj los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab hais txog Ted Nelson, lub hom phiaj ntawm nws txoj haujlwm yog kom coj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv hauv ntiaj teb online! Txawm li cas los xij, qhov project tsis tau ua tiav vim tias nws tau dhau los ua tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm kev muaj sia nyob lossis kev loj hlob. T. Nelson tau tawm tsam ntau xyoo los ua pov thawj txoj cai rau lub neej ntawm nws tsim, tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi.
Xanadu and WWW
Cia lub siab tawvtxoj haujlwm Xanadu tsis tau siv dav, tab sis nws yog nws uas tau tshoov siab cov neeg tsim WWW los tsim lawv lub hlwb, raws li Tim Berners Lee nws tus kheej, tus tsim ntawm World Wide Web, lees paub.
Qhov tseeb, WWW yog qhov ua raws Nelson cov phiaj xwm, tab sis tus kws tshawb fawb, raws li peb tau hais, underestimates qhov project no. Tshwj xeeb, nws tsis pom zoo txog qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv ntawm lub network no. Thiab nws bluntly hais tias "World Wide Web" yog ib yam uas nws yeej tsis xav tso cai rau hauv nws txoj hauj lwm.
Theodor Holm Nelson cov haujlwm tam sim no
Tom qab Xanadu, tus programmer pib ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab hu ua "Zig Zag". Niaj hnub no nws tau koom nrog ntau txoj kev xav, yog tus xibfwb ntawm Oxford University. Nws tau ua haujlwm ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv Nyij Pooj ntawm Hokkaido thiab Sapporo, qhov chaw uas nws yog lub taub hau ntawm lub chaw soj nstuam rau kev kawm ntawm hyperstructures.
Tsis tas li, Ted Nelson tseem ua haujlwm hauv kev siv thev naus laus zis, khoos phis tawj, ntau yam kev sib tshuam. Ntawm ib lub rooj sib tham hauv xyoo 2000, nws tshaj tawm tias thawj qhov tawg ntawm txoj cai ntawm nws txoj haujlwm Xanadu tau tshwm sim hauv pej xeem.
T. Nelson Awards
Ted Nelson tau txais nws thawj qhov khoom plig rau nws qhov project hauv 1998 ntawm 17th World Wide Web Consortium Conference nyob rau hauv Australia. Nws yog Yuri Rubinsky Memorial Award.
Nyob rau xyoo 2001 nws tau ua tub rog nyob Fab Kis teb ua "Tus Tub Ceev Xwm thiab Txuj Ci". Xyoo 2004, Theodore Nelson tau raug hu ua College ManWadham hauv Oxford.
Yog li peb tau paub txog lub neej ntawm ib tug txiv neej zoo kawg nkaus ntawm nws lub sijhawm - Ted Nelson. Ntxiv nrog rau kev lees paub "txiv" ntawm lub sij hawm "hypertext", tus programmer nto moo kuj tau los ua nto moo rau Xanadu project, uas nws tau mob siab rau ib feem ntawm nws lub neej. Nws yog rau qhov tsim no uas peb tshuav ib yam dab tsi thaum peb twb yog li ntawd ib txwm mus rau lub Ntiaj Teb Wide Web, saib ntau qhov chaw, "nruab" qhov txuas.
