Adjectives hauv German. Hom declensions thiab superlatives

Cov txheej txheem:

Adjectives hauv German. Hom declensions thiab superlatives
Adjectives hauv German. Hom declensions thiab superlatives
Anonim

Txawm tias tus kws sau ntawv nto moo Mark Twain hauv nws txoj haujlwm "Tshiab German" ua rau lom zem ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm German adjective xaus. Nws hais tias:

Thaum ib qho adjective poob rau hauv ib txhais tes ntawm ib tug German, nws pib incline nws nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev mus txog rau thaum nws mus txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm absurdity.

lub ncauj lus no yeej ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab heev hauv kev kawm lus sau ntawv, thiab nrhiav tau ib tus menyuam kawm ntawv uas yuav tsis ntsib lawv.

Siv rooj hauv kev qhia

Muaj peb qhov kev txiav txim siab hauv German - muaj zog, tsis muaj zog thiab sib xyaw. Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, nws yuav nyuaj rau to taub qhov twg ntawm lawv cov adjective hais txog. Muaj ob peb txoj cai kom nco ntsoov. Feem ntau cov kws qhia ntawv muab lawv cov menyuam kawm ntawv tsuas yog 3 lossis 4 daim kab kos uas lawv yuav tsum nco. Thiab cov phau ntawv kawm feem ntau tsis muaj cov tswv yim zoo txog kev nkag siab thiab nco ntsoov cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntsiab lus declension hauv German. Ntau tus ntawm lawv sim ua kom tsis txhob muaj cov rooj. Cov phau ntawv zoo li nozoo li yog muaj caij nyoog lawv tham txog German adjectives thiab ob peb lo lus nrog. Ib tug tau txais kev xav - qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev cia siab tias cov tub ntxhais kawm xyaum thiab kawm cov kev cai ntawm declension ntawm German adjectives ntau los yog tsawg unconsciously. Tsis ntev los sis tom qab, qee lub rooj tau muab lawm. Tab sis feem ntau lawv muab sau ua ib txoj kev uas lawv nyuaj to taub.

kawg rooj
kawg rooj

Txoj kev nco nco txog

German adjectives feem ntau tuaj ua ntej lub npe thiab tsis muaj peev txheej. Lawv poob thaum lawv nyob ua ntej lub npe, nrog qhov xaus nyob ntawm poj niam txiv neej thiab rooj plaub hauv kab lus. Thaum pib ntawm kev cob qhia, tej zaum yuav tshwm sim uas nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv ob peb lub rooj nrog declension yog muab nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav kom cov me nyuam kawm ntawv yooj yim cim lawv. Tab sis ob peb tus neeg tuaj yeem kawm txog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm adjectives hauv German li no. Cov tub ntxhais kawm, ntawm qhov tod tes, xav tsis yog kawm ib yam ntawm lub siab xwb, tab sis kuj kom nkag siab tias nws ua haujlwm li cas. Thiab qhov no yooj yim heev ua yog tias koj siv cov txheej txheem mnemonic zoo. Yog tias koj kawm ob lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab thiab txo qis cov ntsiab lus, ces kev kawm German yuav yooj yim dua. Tab sis ua ntej, cia saib cov kev cai classic thiab sim nkag siab lawv.

adjectives nyob rau hauv German
adjectives nyob rau hauv German

Yuav ua li cas txiav txim siab hom adjective declension?

Yuav kom nkag siab tias hom declension ib qho adjective muaj, koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo mloog cov lus nrog nws. Yog hais tias tsis muaj lo lus no, ces qhov no yog ib tug muaj zog declension. Yog tias muaj, koj yuav tsum saib nws cov genus,tus lej thiab rooj plaub. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias cov lus nrog unambiguously qhia lawv, ces peb muaj ib tug tsis muaj zog declension, tab sis yog hais tias nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau txiav txim siab cov cim no, nws yog sib xyaw. Poj niam los txiv neej, tus lej thiab cov ntaub ntawv hauv kab lus yuav tsum qhia ib qho lus lossis ib lo lus ntxiv. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov sib xyaw declension, cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem yog cov lus tsis muaj tseeb, cov lus muaj npe thiab cov lus tsis zoo uas tsis qhia meej txog qhov xwm txheej thiab poj niam txiv neej. Txoj cai tseem ceeb ntawm kev muaj zog declension yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm generic / rooj plaub xaus rau hauv cov lus qhia. Tab sis muaj kev zam - qhov no yog Genitiv, tus poj niam zoo nkauj thiab tsis zoo. Hauv qhov no, adjective xaus nrog en. Nyob rau hauv qhov tsis muaj zog declension, nws yuav muaj qhov xaus e nyob rau hauv Nominativ singular rau tag nrho cov poj niam los txiv neej, thiab nyob rau hauv lub Akkusativ singular rau cov poj niam thiab neuter genders. Rau lwm cov lus thiab ntau qhov xwm txheej, qhov xaus yog en.

Kev sib piv ntawm adjectives hauv German
Kev sib piv ntawm adjectives hauv German

thawj lub ntsiab lus ntawm adjective declension

Tam sim no cia peb sim siv txoj cai no thiab muab los ntawm nws thawj lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm adjective declension. Hauv German, ib lub npe yeej ib txwm siv rau hauv ib rooj plaub tshwj xeeb. Grammatically, nws yog denoted los ntawm cov lus tseeb. Los ntawm qhov no tshwm sim thawj zaug ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm German adjectival declension: rooj plaub xaus yuav luag zoo tib yam rau cov lus tseeb, tab sis tsis muaj tsab ntawv D. Cov lus xaus no qee zaum siv los ntawm lwm cov lus nrog. Xws li rooj plaub yog hu ua muaj zogdeclension. Xaus hauv qhov muaj zog declension ntawm adjectives hauv German ib txwm qhia txog kev ua. Lwm txoj cai muaj nyob rau ntau tshaj ntawm cov lus viele, einige, wenige, zweie, dreie, thiab lwm yam. Lawv muaj ib tug generic / rooj plaub xaus, thiab cov lus no tsis cuam tshuam qhov kawg ntawm adjectives. Hauv qhov no, lawv muaj qhov xaus ntawm kab lus tseeb.

Kev sib piv lus German
Kev sib piv lus German

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thib ob ntawm adjective declension

Tab sis yuav ua li cas thaum nrog cov lus thiab adjectives siv cov lus xaus? Qhov no coj peb mus rau txoj ntsiab cai thib ob. Nyob rau hauv khub "noun thiab adjective" yeej ib txwm tsuas yog ib rooj plaub xaus. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias tsab xov xwm meej tsis ib txwm ua ntej lub npe. Qee lub sij hawm qhov no yog lwm lo lus nrog, muaj qee zaus thaum nws tsis nyob ntawd. Piv txwv li, muaj cov lus hais tsis yog ib txwm muaj cov lus xaus. Tab sis yog hais tias nws tsis yog siv los ua ib lo lus nrog, lub adjective yuav tsum muaj nws. Hauv qhov no, nws yuav tsis muaj zog.

degrees ntawm adjectives nyob rau hauv German
degrees ntawm adjectives nyob rau hauv German

Degrees of adjective in German

Zoo German adjectives muaj peb theem ntawm kev sib piv. Lawv hu ua zoo, sib piv thiab zoo heev. Txhawm rau tsim cov qib kev sib piv ntawm cov npe hauv German, qee qhov xaus tau ntxiv rau cov stems. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev sib piv, qhov no yog er. Nyob rau hauv lub superlative, lub suffix st yog ntxiv thiab cov lus tseeb yog siv. Thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, adjectives uaskawg hauv t, d, sch, s, ß, z e ntxiv ua ntej st. Qhov kev sib piv feem ntau yog ua raws li lo lus als lossis wie. Ntau cov lus luv luv, thaum piv nrog cov lus hais hauv German, tau txais umlaut. Cov degree superlative tau poob qis raws li tib txoj cai raws li cov lus qhia tsis tu ncua.

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