Dab tsi yog qhov nyuaj tshaj rau cov neeg kawm lus Askiv? Nug leej twg, thiab lawv yuav teb koj - sij hawm. Tab sis qhov tseeb yog qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm nyob rau lub sijhawm no - tsis muaj lus teb rau lo lus nug no. Thiab lub hauv siab cia li qhib.
Vim li cas nyuaj rau kev kawm lus Askiv
Ua ntej, muaj ntau qhov tenses, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tenses ntawm verb ua teeb meem. Tom qab Lavxias teb sab, qhov twg tsuas muaj peb tenses, cov abundance ntawm verb forms yog ib tug tiag tiag poob siab. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg tsis tuaj yeem kawm lus Askiv mus ib txhis. Qhov thib ob, tom qab thawj zaug poob siab, nws yog qhov nyuaj rau tib neeg kom phim cov lus Lavxias thiab cov lus qhia nrog cov ntawv qhia ua lus Askiv. Li no cov lus: "Vim li cas cov British tuaj nrog ntau zaus?" Feem ntau cov lus nug no raug nug los ntawm cov menyuam yaus thaum lawv nyuam qhuav pib kawm lus.
Verbs do(does) in Present simple
Raws li txoj cai, kev nyuaj pib twb pib thaum kawm thawj zaug - Tam sim no yooj yim. Ntawm no cov pitfalls yog nyob rau hauv lub auxiliary verbs. Tsis tsuas yog lawv tsis muaj nyob rau hauv cov lus Lavxias thiab Ukrainian, nws kuj tseem tsis paub meej vim li cas lawv nyob hauvLus Askiv. Txawm hais tias paradoxical nws yuav zoo li cas, lawv xav tau kom tsis txhob tsis meej pem hauv lub sijhawm. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lus Askiv tsis hloov los ntawm poj niam txiv neej, los yog los ntawm cov zauv, los yog los ntawm kis. Yuav ua li cas koj yuav qhia tau li cas tense ib kab lus nyob rau hauv? Los ntawm auxiliary verb. Piv txwv li, yog tias peb pom cov lus qhia ua (does) hauv kab lus, peb tuaj yeem hais tias peb muaj Present simple (simple tam sim no). Xav txog hauv qab rooj plaub ntawm nws siv.
siv cov lus qhia ua thiab does
Puas yog lo lus phem phem, tsis muaj qhov ua tsis tau ib kab lus hauv lub sijhawm tam sim no? Lus Askiv verb do (does) yog siv ntau tshaj. Nws tuaj yeem yog ob qho tib si semantic thiab pabcuam. Raws li cov lus qhia tseem ceeb, cov lus qhia ua / ua yog siv hauv nws lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb - ua. Piv txwv li, peb muaj kab lus
Masha nyiam ua zaj lus qhia thiab tsis nyiam kev ntxhov siab. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj ua homework ib leeg. - Masha nyiam ua nws cov ntawv ua tom tsev thiab yeej tsis nyiam ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam. Yog li ntawd, nws ua nws homework ib leeg
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, ntawm no cov lus qhia ua ob qho tib si raws li kev hais lus thiab ua tus pabcuam. Tshwj xeeb, nyob rau hauv ib feem "Masha nyiam ua zaj lus qhia" thiab "Yog vim li cas nws ua homework ib leeg" tsuas yog semantic, thiab nyob rau hauv ib feem "tsis nyiam kom muaj kev cuam tshuam" - auxiliary.
Ib qho piv txwv:
"Kuv niam nyiam mus yuav khoom, tab sis kuv tsis ua, vim nws tsuas yog khoom rau nws xwb, tsis yog rau kuv", - me ntsis Tony hais rau Jane. - Kuv niam nyiam mus nraum zoovkhw, tab sis kuv tsis, vim nws tsuas yuav khoom rau nws tus kheej, hais me ntsis Tommy Jane
Ntawm no, ib yam nkaus, hauv ntu "Kuv niam nyiam mus yuav khoom" ua - semantic. Lwm qhov yog tias hauv kev txhais lus nws tsis tshwm sim hauv kev hais lus. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias cov lus "ua khw" yog consonant nrog peb cov kab lus "make purchase". Tab sis thaum txhais lus, kev tsim kho "mus khw" feem ntau siv. Hauv ntu "tab sis kuv tsis ua, vim nws tsuas yog khoom rau nws, tsis yog rau kuv" tsuas yog ua tus pab.
Koj puas paub nws? Nws zoo nkauj heev. - Koj puas paub nws? Nws zoo nkauj heev
Yog li, ua / tsis ua raws li cov lus qhia semantic hauv tib qhov chaw uas peb siv cov lus qhia "ua" hauv Lavxias. Raws li kev pabcuam - hauv cov kab lus tsis zoo, raws li tau pom los ntawm cov piv txwv saum toj no. Cia wb mus saib qhov point no.
Vim li cas lawv thiaj li maj mam taug kev? - Kuv tsis paub, tej zaum lawv muaj sij hawm ntau thiab tsis tas yuav maj. - Vim li cas lawv mus maj mam? - Kuv tsis paub, tej zaum lawv muaj sijhawm ntau thiab tsis tas yuav maj
Puas pab cuam yuam kev tsis raug mob?
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov lus qhia ua raws li ib tug pab nyob rau hauv ib tug tsis zoo thiab interrogative kab lus. Nco ntsoov tias tsis muaj cov lus qhia no nws tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov kab lus tsis zoo hauv Present Simple, nrog rau nug ib lo lus nug. Tsis yog, koj tuaj yeem nco cov lus qhia ua / ua, tab sis qhov no yog rau tus neeg hais lus Askivyuav suab zoo li "Kuv mus rau tom hav zoov, tua tus squirrel." Zoo li tag nrho cov lus tau meej, thiab txawm tias lub ntsiab lus raug ntes. Tab sis yuav ua li cas tiag tus neeg uas hais lus zoo li ntawd yuav raug coj mus? Nws puas yuav raug coj ncaj ncees thiab ua tib zoo saib? Tsis zoo li. Peb cov neeg nyiam ua kev lom zem rau cov neeg tuaj txawv teb chaws uas hais lus tsis zoo. Tab sis lawv tsis xav tias nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm cov British lawv tus kheej saib kuj tsis zoo thiab tsis zoo. Ntawm no peb tuaj rau lwm qhov tseem ceeb. Txhua yam yog meej nrog cov lus qhia ua.
Yuav ua li cas nrog cov lus qhia ua?
yog dab tsi? Vim li cas thiaj muaj ob? Yuav ua li cas to taub thaum ib tug verb muab? Xav, sim kom koj tus ntiv tes mus rau saum ntuj? Tsis tsim nyog. Hauv lus Askiv, zoo li hauv txhua hom lus, muaj cov kev cai grammatical uas tau hais meej meej, raws li kev siv cov lus ua / ua cov lus qhia meej meej txwv. Yog li, peb sau ua hauv cov lus nug thiab cov kab lus tsis zoo tsuas yog tias cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem raug xa mus rau tus neeg thib 3 qhov lus. Piv txwv li, hauv qhov piv txwv "Yog vim li cas nws ua homework ib leeg" peb tham txog Masha, uas nyiam ua nws cov homework ib leeg. Masha yog tus thib 3 tus neeg hais lus, uas yog vim li cas qhov no tshwm sim ntawm no. Txwv tsis pub, peb muab ua. Lwm qhov tseem ceeb uas feem ntau tsis nco qab. Yog hais tias kab lus twb tau ua raws li ib qho kev pab cuam, ces qhov kawg s yuav tsis ntxiv rau lub ntsiab semantic verb nyob rau hauv kab lus. Yog hais tias qhov kev kawm yog ib tug noun nyob rau hauv lub thib 3 tus neeg singular, ces peb ntxiv qhov xaus s rau lub ntsiab verb. Qhov no tseem yuav ua tus cimtam sim no.
Nug cov menyuam kawm ntawv twg yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm lub ncauj lus "sijhawm" (zoo, tshwj tsis yog lawv tus lej)? Nqe lus nug. Cov ncauj lus no nyuaj vim cov kws qhia ntawv tsis tshua muaj qhov tseeb thiab pob tshab rau kev tsim cov lus nug. Yog tias koj nco qab nws ib zaug thiab rau tag nrho, ces koj tuaj yeem sau lus nug txhua lub sijhawm los ntawm kev sib piv.
Yog li, cov lus nug dav dav thiab kev siv cov lus qhia ua
Yuav kom meej, cov no yog / tsis muaj lus nug.
Kev sib koom ua ke + nqe lus + kev qhia lus ntuas + dab tsi + qhov twg + thaum twg?
Ntawm qhov piv txwv ntawm Present simple nws zoo li no:
Verbs Ua (does) + subject + semantic verb + what + where + when?
Yog li tus pab cuam tsuas yog tawm ntawm sab saum toj.
Cov lus nug tshwj xeeb thiab kab lus nrog cov lus qhia ua
Lawv tau tsim yuav luag ntawm tib txoj cai. Qhov txawv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov lus nug no lo lus nug tshwm. Tus qauv ntawd rov ua dua.
Interrogative lo lus + auxiliary verb + subject + semantic verb + what + where + when?
or
- What/where/when + auxiliary verb + subject + semantic verb + what + where + when?
- What/where/when + verbs do (does) + subject + semantic verb + what + where + when?
Ntxiv mus, cov tswv yim zoo li no yeej ib txwm khaws cia, txawm tias peb nug cov khoom banal:
Koj nyiam txuj lom dab tsi? - Ginger, tau kawg. - Dab tsi txuj lom koj nyiam? - Ginger, tau kawg
koj tus muam ua nws plaub hau qhov twg? - Koj txhais li cas? Nws ua nws tus kheej. - Koj puas xav li ntawd tiag? - Kuv paub tseeb. - Koj tus muam ua nws cov plaub hau qhov twg? - Koj txhais li cas? Nws ua rau lawv tus kheej. -Koj puas xav li ntawd tiag? - Kuv paub tseeb tiag
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov piv txwv saum toj no muaj ob qho tib si cov lus nug tshwj xeeb. Peb kuj tseem nco ntsoov tias, ib yam li cov kab lus tsis zoo, yog tias kab lus muaj cov lus txhawb nqa ua, ces peb tsis ntxiv qhov xaus s rau cov lus qhia tseem ceeb. Qhov no tsim cov duab ntxim nyiam.
koj tus muam ua nws plaub hau qhov twg? Cov kab lus no muaj ob qho tib si ua thiab ua. Tab sis ua yog pab, vim peb tab tom tham txog tus muam, thiab ua yog semantic. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lus Askiv muaj ib tug ruaj khov kab lus - ua smb's hairdo. Nws txhais tau tias "ua ib tug plaub hau" nyob rau hauv tej ntsiab lus teb.
Verb forms do
Cov lus qhia ua, zoo li txhua yam lus Askiv, muaj ntau hom. Nco ntsoov tias yuav tsum ua tsuas yog ib qho infinitive xwb. Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim rau lo lus nug no, hais, nyob rau hauv lub dhau los tense? Hauv Past Simple, cov lus qhia ua hloov pauv thiab siv daim ntawv ua. Qhov no yog ib qho lus qhia tsis xwm yeem, yog li tsis muaj qhov xaus ntxiv rau nws. Nws yuav tsum tau kawm, zoo li ntau lwm cov lus qhia, raws li cov lus tshwj xeeb.
Lawv taug kev hla txoj kev thiab niam hais rau Janny me me: "Koj mus qhov twg?" - "Kuv tsis tas yuav qhia koj txhua yam." - "Yog, tab sis kuv yog koj niam. Kuv tsis paub dab tsi txog koj yam thiab kuvNws ntshai heev vim li ntawd. " - Lawv hla txoj kev, thiab kev sib tham hauv qab no tshwm sim ntawm niam thiab tus me Jenny: - Koj mus qhov twg? - Kuv tsis tas yuav qhia koj txog txhua yam! - Yog, tab sis kuv yog koj niam kuv tsis paub dab tsi txog koj txoj kev npaj thiab ua rau kuv ntshai heev
Raws li peb tuaj yeem pom los ntawm qhov piv txwv saum toj no, cov lus qhia pabcuam tau qhia txog qhov kev sib tw dhau los ntawm no. Nyob rau hauv parallel nrog qhov no, nyob rau hauv tib kab lus, tsis muaj qhov xaus ntxiv rau lub ntsiab lus qhia raws li txoj cai tseem ceeb. Qhov no yog qhov laj thawj - yog vim li cas ntxiv cov lus xaus rau cov lus tsis zoo no, yog tias twb muaj tus taw qhia ncaj qha rau ob lub sijhawm thiab cov nuances ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus? Yog vim li cas qhov yuam kev xws li ntxiv qhov xaus rau yav dhau los cov lus nug zoo li ruam rau Asmeskas thiab Askiv. Tib tus qauv yog pom nyob rau hauv cov kab lus tsis zoo: Kuv tsis paub dab tsi txog koj yam thiab kuv tau ntshai heev vim qhov ntawd. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, qhov "tsis paub" qhov tseeb qhia txog txoj cai uas tau tham saum toj no.
Muab piv txwv ntxiv:
Koj xav qhia kuv li cas? - Nws puas tseem ceeb? Koj yeej tsis tau mloog kuv li, yog vim li cas koj thiaj nug tam sim no? Kuv tsis xav qhia koj lawm. - Koj xav qhia kuv li cas? "Nws puas tseem ceeb, txij li thaum koj tsis tau mloog kuv, yog li cas koj nug tam sim no?" Txawm li cas los xij, kuv tsis xav qhia rau koj
Zoo ib yam li yav dhau los piv txwv ntawm "Koj xav qhia kuv li cas?" thiab “Koj tsis tau mloog kuv li, yog vim li cas koj thiaj nugtam sim no?
Yuav ua li cas thiaj li tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov rooj plaub ntawm kev siv cov lus qhia ua (does)?
Ua ntej, tsis txhob ua tub nkeeg thiab txhais kab lus. Qhov thib ob, kawm cov cai siv cov lus qhia thiab cov qauv siv kab lus. Thib peb, kawm tenses. Tshwj xeeb, tus neeg kawm ntawv yuav tsum paub tias yog tias ua tau yog thaum pib ntawm kab lus lossis xyaum ua thaum pib, ces qhov no yuav yog lo lus nug, uas txhais tau hais tias qhov thib ob, semantic verb yuav tsum tshwm sim. Yog tias muaj qhov tsis zoo nyob ib sab ntawm qhov ua, ces qhov no yog qhov tsis zoo. Ntxiv dua thiab, yuav tsum muaj lwm cov lus qhia nyob ze, uas tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tsum tau ntxiv. Yog sawv daws sib cais ces yuav tsum muab txhais ua tib yam li ua.
Be that as it may, cov no tsis yog txhua yam ntawm cov lus qhia ua. Zoo li tag nrho cov lus qhia, nws muaj daim ntawv nrog qhov xaus ing. Daim ntawv no yog siv ob qho tib si los xaiv cov ntawv gerund thiab tsim ib pab pawg ntev ntev.
