Hloov kho cov nplooj ntoo

Cov txheej txheem:

Hloov kho cov nplooj ntoo
Hloov kho cov nplooj ntoo
Anonim

Txhua qhov ntawm cov nroj tsuag ua nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb raws li tus yam ntxwv ntawm nws cov qauv. Tab sis kev hloov kho ntawm nplooj, nrog rau lwm yam khoom nruab nrog cev, tso cai rau lawv kom tau txais cov khoom ntxiv. Feem ntau lawv nyob ntawm kev nyab xeeb thiab kev loj hlob.

Tshuaj nplooj hloov kho

Nroj tsuag ntawm cov hav zoov hav zoov hav zoov yog qhov yooj yim heev kom paub txog - los ntawm cov yam ntxwv zoo thiab qhov loj ntawm lawv cov nplooj nplooj. Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam tropical climatic, lawv cov ntoo cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug tseem ceeb txoj hauj lwm, muab lub neej tsuas yog rau ntxoov ntxoo-tiv taus shrubs thiab nyom. Cov nplooj nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag no txawv txawv thiab dav. Yuav piav li cas txog tus qauv? Qhov tshaj plaws yog tias ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm ntawm qhov no yog qhov kev siv ntawm transpiration. Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem ntawm evaporation ntawm cov dej los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm nplooj. Qhov loj dua ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub phaj, qhov ntau dua cov pa pauv nrog ib puag ncig. Thiab nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm high humidity, qhov no tsuas yog tsim nyog los tiv thaiv rotting txheej txheem.

nplooj hloov
nplooj hloov

Thorn

Thorns kuj yog kev hloov kho ntawm cov nplooj ntoo. Lawv yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov uas loj hlob nyob rau hauv arid thiabsuab puam tej yam kev mob. Txhua tus tau pom cactus pos. Cov no yog nws nplooj. Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm tsis muaj noo noo, thaum lub transpiration txheej txheem yuav tsum tau txo, qhov no yog ib qho zoo tagnrho adaptation. Nrog rau qhov me me ntawm nplooj nplooj thiab dej, me me yuav evaporate.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov pos ntawm cactus thiab acacia yog kev hloov pauv ntawm nplooj. Qhov txawv yog dab tsi? Nyob rau hauv dawb acacia, hawthorn, blackthorn, barberry thiab lwm yam zoo xws li cov nroj tsuag, spines yog hloov stipules, thiab tsis yog daim hlau lawv tus kheej. Lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tiv thaiv cov paj tsw qab thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib los ntawm kev noj los ntawm ntau yam tsiaj.

cog nplooj hloov
cog nplooj hloov

koob

Cov koob ntawm txhua tus neeg sawv cev ntawm chav haujlwm gymnosperms kuj yog kev hloov kho ntawm nplooj. Txhua leej txhua tus nco txog cov me nyuam cov lus piav qhia txog tsob ntoo Christmas - "lub caij ntuj no thiab lub caij ntuj sov hauv ib xim." Thiab tag nrho cov conifers yog evergreen nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev hwm precisely vim cov yam ntxwv kev hloov kho ntawm nplooj. Hauv ntu ntu, lawv muaj cov duab sib npaug lossis ribbed. Cov nplooj zoo li no muaj thaj tsam me me, zoo li cov pob txha ntawm cacti. Lawv stomata, los ntawm kev sib pauv roj tshwm sim, yog immersed nyob rau hauv integumentary thiab lub ntsiab ntawm nplooj. Qhov no txo tus nqi ntawm cov dej evaporation. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, cov formations yog kiag li kaw nrog ciab, uas txo transpiration yuav luag zero. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm thaum tag nrho cov angiosperms tso lawv cov nplooj rau lub caij ntuj no, conifers thiab shrubs tuaj yeem khav ntawm lush ntsuab kho kom zoo nkauj.

nplooj hloov yog
nplooj hloov yog

Nws tsis yooj yim rau cov nroj tsuag kom ciaj sia nyob rau hauv arid. Dab tsi ua rau kev hloov kho ntawm nplooj hauv cov nroj tsuag no? Lawv yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo li no uas yuav ua rau lawv muaj sia nyob nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab tsis muaj dej noo. Yog li ntawd, lawv cov nplooj yog feem ntau them nrog ib tug tuab txheej ntawm plaub hau, los yog ib tug waxy txheej. Lawv tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag los ntawm kev ya raws ntau dhau. Muaj lwm yam khoom siv thiab. Ntau hom arid ecosystems khaws dej hauv cov nplooj tuab, fleshy nplooj. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov kev hloov kho no yog aloe, uas feem ntau yog bred ua ib tsob nroj nrog kho cov khoom.

Antennae

Xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kabmob hauv qab no, cia peb nco qab tias cov nplooj hloov pauv tau pom hauv tsev neeg legume. Cov tua ntawm lawv feem ntau yog ntev thiab nyias, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thaum siav, tau txais ib pawg uas tsis tso cai rau lawv nyob twj ywm upright. Tab sis nws yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm photosynthesis. Cov nplooj hloov pauv dab tsi pom hauv peas? Tau kawg, cov no yog mustaches. Qhov no yog li cas ib tug neeg daim hlau los ntawm ib daim ntawv complex yog hloov. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, cov nroj tsuag clings rau kev txhawb nqa, thiab yog li ntawd, ib tug qaug zog thiab nyias qia yog nyob rau hauv qhov yuav tsum tau txoj hauj lwm.

dab tsi ua rau cov nplooj hloov pauv hauv cov nroj tsuag no
dab tsi ua rau cov nplooj hloov pauv hauv cov nroj tsuag no

Scales

Yuav kom nkag siab tias vim li cas cov pob txha pob txha yog kev hloov kho ntawm nplooj, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom nkag siab txog cov qauv ntawm lub noob. Xav txog nws ntawm qhov piv txwv ntawm ib qho leek. Nws lub teeb, txawm tias nyob hauv av, yog kev hloov khosaum toj no-hauv av ib feem ntawm cov nroj tsuag - tua. Qhov no yog qhov yooj yim los ua pov thawj. Qhov tua muaj qia, nplooj thiab buds. Tib yam yog nyob rau hauv lub teeb. Nws lub qia tiaj yog hu ua hauv qab. Ib pob ntawm adventitious keeb kwm tawm ntawm nws. Saum toj no yog ob peb hom nplooj. Cov tub ntxhais hluas yog ntsuab thiab loj hlob los ntawm buds nyob rau hauv qab. Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov nplooj ntoo siv rau ntawm daim ntawv no txhawm rau khaws cov dej noo. Nrog nws cov kev pab, cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv uas lub noob yog tsim endure drought, tsis kub thiab lwm yam adverse tshwm sim nyob rau hauv av. Thiab cov nplai qhuav, uas kuj yog kev hloov kho ntawm nplooj, tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus sab hauv ntawm lub teeb los ntawm kev puas tsuaj.

txawv kev hloov kho ntawm nplooj
txawv kev hloov kho ntawm nplooj

Ntxhais nplooj siab

Hloov cov nplooj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij heev rau lwm yam tsiaj. Muaj ib pawg ntawm insectivorous nroj tsuag. Lawv kuj muaj peev xwm ua tiav cov txheej txheem ntawm photosynthesis, uas yog, lawv yog autotrophs. Tab sis yog tias tsis muaj cov xwm txheej rau nws qhov tshwm sim, ces lawv hloov mus rau hom khoom noj khoom haus heterotrophic. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov nplooj hloov, lawv ntes kab thiab zom lawv. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws sov nroj tsuag sarracenia, nplooj yog ib tug funnel uas ciam teb muaj ntxhiab necaries. Lawv kuj nyiam kab. Thaum mus txog, tus neeg raug tsim txom pib swb raws cov npoo ntawm lub funnel thiab raug daig. Tsis tas li ntawd, nplooj kuj secrete tshwj xeeb narcotic tshuaj uas immobilize kab ntawm txhua qhov me me. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub funnel, daim ntawv yog twisted nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug hood. Qhov quav no tiv thaiv nag los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv, sib xyaw nrog digestiveenzymes.

Mobile sundew tentacles, ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov kua nplaum nplaum, kuj yog rau kev hloov kho ntawm nplooj. Nws nyiam cov kab uas av ua kev lom zem thiab ua rau daig.

dab tsi nplooj hloov kho muaj nyob rau hauv peas
dab tsi nplooj hloov kho muaj nyob rau hauv peas

Txhua nplooj yog cov kab mob vegetative. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, cov txheej txheem ntawm asexual reproduction yog nqa tawm. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj cais ib nplooj ntawm uzambar violet los ntawm cov nroj tsuag neeg laus thiab muab tso rau hauv lub thawv dej, tom qab ib pliag nws tsim cov hauv paus hniav. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag, cov txheej txheem ntawm reproduction tshwm sim txawv. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub chav Kalanchoe, nyob rau ntawm ntug ntawm nplooj nplooj, muaj buds, los ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua ntawm nws tus kheej. Lawv yuav luag tag nrho tsim: lawv muaj ib tug me me hauv paus thiab nplooj. Poob tawm, lawv germinate nyob rau hauv tib lub ntim raws li ib tug neeg laus cog. Cov txheej txheem no tseem hu ua tus kheej tshaj tawm.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov kho nplooj ntoo yog qhov zoo. Cov kev hloov pauv no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab pab txhawb txoj kev hloov pauv. Ua tsaug rau kev hloov kho ntawm nplooj, av nroj tsuag muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau yam kev nyab xeeb zones, txawv nyob rau hauv cov theem ntawm noo noo, kub thiab av zog. Ntxiv nrog rau photosynthesis, transpiration thiab cellular respiration, nplooj hloov pauv tso cai rau lawv ua lwm yam tseem ceeb zog: kev tiv thaiv los ntawm predators thiab txhua yam kev puas tsuaj, kev tswj ntawm cov pa pauv thiab theem ntawm evaporation dej, thiab heterotrophic khoom noj khoom haus.

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