Aromatic amino acids yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj pawg carboxyl, lub nplhaib benzene, ib pawg amino. Lub xub ntiag ntawm ob peb pab pawg ua haujlwm piav qhia txog ob lub zog ntawm cov organic tshuaj no.
Nyob hauv ntuj
Aromatic amino acids yog ib feem ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab hlwb ntawm cov kab mob nyob. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm chav kawm no, tsuas yog 20 amino acids yog monomers tsim cov proteins thiab peptides. Benzoic acid, xws li pom nyob rau hauv cranberries, muaj zoo heev antioxidant zog.
Ntau cov kab mob thiab cov nroj tsuag muaj peev xwm ua rau nws tus kheej ua ke qee qhov muaj ntxhiab amino acids tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm tag nrho.
Y Lawv koom tes hauv cov carbohydrate thiab protein metabolism, yog ib feem ntawm nucleic acids,vitamins, tshuaj hormones, pigments, alkaloids, tshuaj tua kab mob, co toxins. Qee qhov kho kom haum rau kev sib kis ntawm cov hlab ntsha impulses.
Kev faib tawm
Muaj kev faib cov neeg sawv cev ntawm chav kawm ntawm cov organic oxygen-muaj cov sib txuas raws li cov qauv tsim.
Muab rau hauv tus account qhov chaw ntawm cov amino thiab carboxyl ua haujlwm pab pawg, lawv raug cais
α-, β-, γ-, δ-, ε- acids.
Raws li cov pab pawg, qhov yooj yim, nruab nrab, cov kua qaub yog qhov txawv.
Nyob ntawm cov qauv ntawm hydrocarbon radical, aromatic amino acids, aliphatic, heterocyclic, sulfur-muaj tshuaj raug cais tawm.
cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb
Rau npe cov organic tebchaw, siv lub npe hu ua systematic nomenclature. Aromatic amino acids yog derivatives ntawm benzene, nyob rau hauv lub sab saw ntawm uas ib los yog ntau tshaj carboxyl (acid) pawg tshwm. Cov neeg sawv cev yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm chav kawm no yog benzoic acid. Kev taw qhia ntawm ib pawg hydroxyl rau hauv cov saw hlau sab ua rau tsim cov salicylic acid.
Derivatives ntawm aromatic amino acids - esters thiab amides - yog siv nyob rau hauv tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam.
Keeb kwm ntawm benzoic acid
Benzoic acid tau paub rau noob neej txij thaum ub. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puas xyoo, nws tau cais los ntawm sublimation los ntawm resin. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th, German chemists tau kawm cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm no compound, piv nrog hippuric.kua qaub. Vim nws cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, benzoic acid tau siv los ua zaub mov noj hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom noj. Nws tau qhia rau ntawm cov khoom lag luam raws li additive E 210.
Lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg
Nyob rau hauv tsos, benzoic acid zoo ib yam li oblong nyias dawb koob nrog ib qho luster. Nws yog heev soluble nyob rau hauv ntau yam xov xwm: cawv, rog, dej. Lub melting point ntawm no aromatic amino acid yog 122 degrees Celsius. Nws mus ntawm khoom mus rau roj.
Nyob hauv ntim loj, benzoic acid yog tsim los ntawm oxidation ntawm toluene (methylbenzene).
Nws yog ib qho ntuj tsim, raws li nws pom muaj nyob hauv qee cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo: lingonberries, blueberries, cranberries. Tsis tas li ntawd, benzoic acid yog tsim nyob rau hauv xws li fermented mis nyuj cov khoom xws li yogurt, curdled mis nyuj. Cov tshuaj no tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis txaus ntshai rau tib neeg yog tias noj me me.
tshuaj muaj zog
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo rau cov tshuaj tsw qab amino acids - electrophilic hloov pauv hauv lub nplhaib uas muaj ntxhiab (nitration nrog concentrated nitric acid). Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xantoprotein yog siv los xyuas cov tshuaj tsw qab hauv qab no: tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, histidine. Cov txheej txheem yog nrog los ntawm kev tsim cov khoom daj daj.
Lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo rau cov tshuaj tsw qab amino acids yog ninhydrin, uas yog siv thaum lub sijhawmKev txiav txim kom muaj nuj nqis thiab zoo ntawm cov amino acids tsis tau tsuas yog cov amino acids, tab sis kuj amines. Thaum ninhydrin yog rhuab nyob rau hauv ib qho alkaline tov nrog cov tebchaw nyob rau hauv uas cov thawj amino pawg muaj, ib tug xiav-violet khoom yog tau.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj no kuj tseem siv los txheeb xyuas cov pab pawg thib ob hauv cov tshuaj tsw qab: hydroxyproline thiab proline. Lawv lub xub ntiag tuaj yeem raug txiav txim los ntawm kev tsim cov khoom lag luam ruaj khov daj. Thaum ua cov tshuaj niaj hnub tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm aromatic amino acids, nws yog cov tshuaj ninhydrin uas siv.
Daim ntawv chromatography txoj kev ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas txhua cov amino acid hauv qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob mus rau tsib micrograms.
Daim ntawv thov
Khoom noj khoom haus preservative E 210 (benzoic acid) yog siv rau hauv cov khoom qab zib, brewing, thiab ci kev lag luam. Ntawm no yog cov npe ntawm cov khoom uas nws cov khoom lag luam yog inextricably txuas nrog kev siv benzoic acid: ice cream, kaus poom zaub, npias, liqueurs, qab zib hloov, pickled thiab s alted ntses, zom cov pos hniav, butter, margarine.
Tsis yog tsis muaj cov tshuaj tsw qab no thiab tsim cov tshuaj pleev ib ce. Feem ntau nws yog ntxiv rau cov tshuaj, piv txwv li, rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov kws muag tshuaj tab tom tig mus rau benzoic acid rau nws cov khoom khaws cia.
Cov tshuaj organic no tiv tau zoo nrog ntau hom fungi, microbes, thiab kab mob yooj yim. Yog vim li cas benzoic acidntxiv rau cov me nyuam hnoos syrups. Nws muaj cov nyhuv expectorant, softens cov hnoos qeev, tshem tawm ntawm bronchi. Cov tshuaj kho mob tau zoo heev npaj rau da dej ko taw, uas muaj benzoic acid.
Organic compound pab tshem tawm hws ntau dhau ntawm ko taw. Benzoic acid yog suav hais tias yog ib qho tshuaj zoo rau kev tawm tsam cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, benzoic acid yog siv los ua lub ntsiab reagent hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm ntau cov organic tebchaw.
Thaum nws nkag mus rau tib neeg lub cev, benzoic acid nkag mus rau hauv tshuaj lom neeg nrog cov protein molecules.
Nws hloov mus ua hippuric acid, ces nws tawm hauv cov zis los ntawm lub cev.
