Cov qauv ntawm cov cell tseem muaj rau ntau yam kab mob. Qhov no yog cell membrane, cytoplasm nrog lub network thauj thiab organelles. Eukaryotic hlwb kuj muaj cov nucleus, thaum cov kab mob, cov kab mob, thiab cov nroj tsuag kuj muaj cov phab ntsa ntawm tes. Nws cais cov cell los ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud, thaum lub cev sab hauv, qhov twg biosynthetic thiab metabolic txheej txheem tshwm sim, raug tiv thaiv los ntawm cov xwm txheej tsis zoo. Tom qab ntawd lub xov tooj ntawm ib puag ncig sab hauv hu ua dab tsi?
YCytoplasm thiab hyaloplasm
Cov lus teb pom tseeb tshaj plaws yog cytoplasm. Nws yog ib tug colloidal tshuaj, nyob rau hauv lub thickness ntawm uas inclusions thiab obligatory organelles nyob. Txawm li cas los xij, cov lus teb yuav tsum tau ntxiv nrog lub sij hawm "hyaloplasm". Qhov no yog lub npe ntawm cov pob tshab nruab nrab nrog kev suav nrog thiab qee cov organelles. Qhov zoo siab, qhov kev txhais lus no tsis tso cai rau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus cytoplasm thiab hyaloplasm, vim tias lawv muaj cov ntsiab lus zoo sib xws.
Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ib puag ncig sab hauv ntawm tes
Qhov tseeb, nws yog li ntawd, thiab cytoplasm nws tus kheej feem ntau hu ua hyaloplasm. Nws muaj cov cytosol, organelles thiab tsis tas mus li inclusions. Lo lus "cytosol" yog hais txog cov kua heterogeneous ntawm cytoplasm (los yog hyaloplasm), uas muaj dej, proteins thiab inorganic compounds. Nws yog ib qho viscous colloidal nruab nrab uas muab cov cell turgor thiab txhawb nqa hluavtaws, thauj thiab cov txheej txheem metabolic. Qhov no yog ib puag ncig uas inclusions thiab organelles raug tshem tawm. Nws yuav tsum muaj qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov yam ntxwv physico-chemical thaum nws los txog rau cov ntaub zoo tib yam.
Yog tias peb noj cov nqaij mos (cov leeg nqaij lossis cov hlab ntsha) ua piv txwv, tom qab ntawd hauv lawv cov hlwb muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev them nqi thiab daim nyias nyias, ion concentration. Yuav luag tag nrho cov tshiab synthesized proteins nkag mus rau cytosol, tshwj tsis yog lawv yuav tsum tau hloov kho postsynthetic. Yog tias, tom qab kev sib txuas, lawv yuav tsum tau sib sau ua ke cov protein subunits los yog xav tau txuas cov lipid lossis carbohydrate site rau lawv, ces lawv yuav raug thauj los ntawm qhov ntxhib endoplasmic reticulum mus rau Golgi complex. Tom qab ntawd, lawv yuav poob rau hauv cytosol lossis cell membrane, uas lawv yuav ua lawv txoj haujlwm.
Kev sib txuas lus ntawm ib puag ncig sab hauvMulticellular kab mob
Cytoplasm, hyaloplasm thiab cytosol yog txhua lub npe sib txawv rau qhov chaw sab hauv ntawm tes. Hauv kev ua kom ntseeg tau cov txheej txheem ntawm nws cov haujlwm tseem ceeb, lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, txij li lawv yog qhov chaw uas cov txheej txheem hluavtaws, metabolic thiab kev thauj mus los. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cytoplasm ntawm cov hlwb ntawm ntau cov kab mob, txawm tias txwv, yog ib feem ntawm ib puag ncig sab hauv ntawm cov kab mob multicellular. Nws muaj kev sib txuas lus nrog cov kua nruab nrog cev thiab cov ntshav - lub cev kev thauj mus los.
Los ntawm cov ntshav, cov tshuaj nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab (interstitium), los ntawm qhov chaw, hauv kev thauj mus los ntawm ion raws lossis los ntawm cytoplasmic membrane, cov as-ham thiab khi oxygen nkag mus rau cytoplasm. Qhov no yog lub npe ntawm ib puag ncig sab hauv ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes, ib qho system uas ua nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
Hauv kev nkag siab nqaim, cytoplasm (lossis hyaloplasm) tuaj yeem raug hu ua tus neeg nruab nrab ntawm lub cell nucleus thiab interstitium. Cov tom kawg ua lub luag haujlwm zoo sib xws rau cytoplasm thiab ntshav. Yog li ntawd, cytoplasm (los yog hyaloplasm) yog lub npe ntawm ib puag ncig sab hauv ntawm tes. Nws nyob nruab nrab ntawm nuclear matrix thiab cell membrane. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog lub cytoplasm uas tuav lub ntim loj tshaj plaws ntawm tes thiab muaj 80-85% dej.
Cov lus teb rau kev xeem thiab cov lus nug
Vim qhov tsis meej ntawm cov lus piav qhia saum toj no, nws muaj peev xwm ua rau tus nyeem ntawv uas tuaj hla cov lus nug no ntawm kev xeem lossis cov lus nug xeem. Lub npe hu li caslub internal ib puag ncig ntawm lub cell? Cov lus teb yuav tsum tau muab raws li qhov xwm txheej. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas qhov ncauj, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias lub sab hauv ib puag ncig yog lub cytoplasm, uas tseem hu ua hyaloplasm. Lawv, nyob rau hauv lem, muaj xws li cytosol, uas tsis yog-permanent inclusions thiab obligatory organelles. Lub cytosol nws tus kheej yog cov kua ib feem ntawm lub cytoplasm, feem ntau muaj xws li dej, inorganic tshuaj, thiab organic molecules. Lub cytosol tam sim no nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ob qho tib si muaj tseeb thiab cov tshuaj colloidal, thiab yog li ntawd tseem nyob heterogeneous hauv nws cov qauv.
cov lus nug hauv computer
Yog tias muaj lus nug nug ntawm kev ntsuas lub tshuab computer nrog cov lus teb tau qhia, ces koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo nyeem cov lus ntawm cov lus nug. Koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias lo lus teb twg tus sau cov lus nug xav tau, thiab qhov kev xaiv twg zoo dua. Feem ntau, nyob rau hauv ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas, qhov sib txawv "hyaloplasm" thiab "cytoplasm" nyob rau hauv txawv variants yuav tsis qhia. Yog hais tias qhov no tshwm sim, ces cov compilers ntawm cov kev ntsuam xyuas txhob txwm tso ib tug yuam kev nyob rau ntawd, txij li thaum lub tswvyim ntawm hyaloplasm thiab cytoplasm yog tib yam. Thiab nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus nug ntawm dab tsi lub internal ib puag ncig ntawm lub cell hu ua, cov kev xaiv yuav txawv, tab sis lub essence yog tib yam. Cov no yog cytoplasm, hyaloplasm thiab cytosol. Cov lus teb pom tseeb tshaj plaws yog cytoplasm.
