National People's Army of the GDR

Cov txheej txheem:

National People's Army of the GDR
National People's Army of the GDR
Anonim

GDR (German Democratic Republic) yog lub xeev nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Tebchaws Europe thiab muaj los ntawm 1949 txog 1990. Vim li cas lub sij hawm no ruaj khov rau hauv keeb kwm? Peb yuav tham txog qhov no hauv peb tsab xov xwm.

me ntsis txog GDR

East Berlin tau dhau los ua lub peev ntawm GDR. Lub tebchaws nyob 6 lub tebchaws niaj hnub no hauv tebchaws Yelemes. GDR tau muab faib ua thaj av, cheeb tsam thiab hauv nroog. Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias Berlin tsis suav nrog ib qho ntawm 6 lub xeev thiab muaj xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.

Tsim cov tub rog ntawm GDR

Cov tub rog GDR tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1956. Nws muaj 3 hom tub rog: av, navy thiab huab cua. Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 12, 1955, tsoomfwv tshaj tawm kev tsim cov Bundeswehr, cov tub rog ntawm Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws Tebchaws Yelemees. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 18 ntawm xyoo tom ntej, txoj cai lij choj "Nyob rau Kev Tsim Kho ntawm National People's Army thiab Tsim Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv Hauv Tebchaws" tau raug pom zoo. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, ntau lub hauv paus chaw ua haujlwm subordinate rau lub Ministry pib lawv cov dej num, thiab cov thawj subsections ntawm NPA tau txais kev cog lus ua tub rog. Xyoo 1959, F. Engels Military Academy tau qhib, uas cov tub ntxhais hluas tau txais kev cob qhia rau yav tom ntej. Nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov tub rog muaj zog thiab muaj txiaj ntsig, yog li ntawdyuav ua li cas cov txheej txheem kev cob qhia tau xav txog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias kom txog rau thaum xyoo 1962, GDR cov tub rog tau ntxiv los ntawm kev ntiav.

ddr pab
ddr pab

GDR suav nrog Saxon thiab Prussian thaj av, uas yav dhau los nyob hauv cov neeg German nyiam tshaj plaws. Nws yog lawv cov uas tau ua haujlwm kom ntseeg tau tias NPA tau dhau los ua lub zog muaj zog thiab loj hlob sai. Cov Prussians thiab Saxons tau tsiv mus rau theem ua haujlwm sai, thawj zaug tuav cov tub ceev xwm siab tshaj plaws, thiab tom qab ntawd los tswj hwm NPA. Koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov cov kev qhuab qhia ib txwm muaj ntawm cov neeg German, kev hlub rau kev ua tub rog, kev nplua nuj ntawm cov tub rog Prussian thiab cov cuab yeej ua tub rog siab heev, vim tias tag nrho cov no ua rau cov tub rog ntawm GDR yuav luag invincible.

Kev ua si

Cov tub rog GDR tau pib ua haujlwm hauv xyoo 1962, thaum thawj qhov kev tawm tsam tau muaj nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm Poland thiab GDR, uas cov tub rog ntawm Polish thiab Soviet sab koom. Xyoo 1963 tau cim los ntawm kev ua tub rog loj hu ua Quartet, uas cov tub rog NPA, Polish, Czechoslovak thiab Soviet tau koom.

Txawm hais tias qhov loj ntawm cov tub rog ntawm GDR tsis yog qhov zoo kawg nkaus, nws yog cov tub rog npaj txhij ua rog tshaj plaws hauv txhua lub tebchaws Europe sab hnub poob. Cov tub rog tau pom cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo, uas yog feem ntau raws li lawv cov kev kawm hauv Academy of F. Engels. Cov uas koom nrog pab tub rog mus ntiav tau kawm tag nrho cov kev txawj ntse thiab ua riam phom muaj zog ntawm kev tua neeg.

Lus qhuab qhia

Lub Tebchaws Cov Tub Rog Hauv Tebchaws ntawm GDR muaj nws cov lus qhuab qhia, uas tau tsim los ntawm kev coj noj coj ua. Cov ntsiab cai ntawm lub koom haum ntawm cov tub rog tau ua raws li qhov tsis lees paubtag nrho cov postulates ntawm Prussian-German tub rog. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia yog kev txhawb zog ntawm cov tub rog tiv thaiv los tiv thaiv lub teb chaws txoj kev sib raug zoo. Cais, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev koom tes nrog cov tub rog ntawm cov koom haum socialist lub teb chaws tau hais txog.

Txawm hais tias muaj kev cia siab zoo ntawm tsoomfwv, National People's Army ntawm GDR tsis tuaj yeem rhuav tshem tag nrho cov kev sib raug zoo nrog cov classics ntawm German tub rog kev lig kev cai. Cov tub rog ib nrab tau ua raws li txoj kev qub ntawm proletariat thiab lub sijhawm ntawm kev tsov rog Napoleonic.

National People's Army ntawm GDR
National People's Army ntawm GDR

Txoj Cai Lij Choj xyoo 1968 tau hais tias National People's Army ntawm GDR tau raug hu los tiv thaiv thaj chaw ntawm lub xeev, nrog rau nws cov pej xeem los ntawm kev cuam tshuam sab nraud ntawm lwm lub tebchaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau qhia tias txhua lub zog yuav raug muab pov rau hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab ntxiv dag zog rau kev coj noj coj ua ntawm lub xeev. Txhawm rau tuav nws lub zog, cov tub rog tau tuav kev sib raug zoo nrog lwm cov tub rog.

Numeric expression

Lub teb chaws pab tub rog ntawm GDR los ntawm 1987 muaj 120 txhiab tub rog. Cov tub rog hauv av muaj 9 lub dav hlau tiv thaiv tub rog, 1 pab tub rog huab cua, 2 cov tub rog tiv thaiv tank, 10 artillery regiments, thiab lwm yam. Cov tub rog ntawm GDR, uas nws cov riam phom txaus, kov yeej cov yeeb ncuab nrog lub peev xwm los tswj lawv cov peev txheej, kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev xav txog kev tawm tsam.

Kev npaj

Kev cob qhia tub rog tau tshwm sim hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, uas tau tuaj koom los ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas yuav luag txhua tus. Yav dhau los hais txog Academy ntawm F. Engels, uas tsim cov kws tshaj lij hauv lawv daim teb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov. Los ntawm 1973, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tub rog nyob rau90% yog cov neeg ua teb thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm.

qauv hauv tub rog

Thaj chaw ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees tau muab faib ua 2 cheeb tsam tub rog, uas yog tus saib xyuas ntawm Pawg Neeg Tub Rog ntawm GDR. Lub tsev hauv paus hauv paus yog nyob hauv Leipzig thiab Neubrandenburg. Ib tug tub rog tub rog sib cais kuj tau tsim, uas tsis yog ib feem ntawm ib cheeb tsam, txhua tus muaj 2 pawg tsav tsheb, 1 lub foob pob hluav taws thiab 1 pawg tub rog.

Tub Rog Tub Rog

Cov tub rog Soviet ntawm GDR hnav khaub ncaws hnav nrog lub tsho liab sawv ntsug. Vim li no, nws tau txais lub npe menyuam yaus "canary". Cov tub rog Soviet tau ua haujlwm ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Xeev. Tsis ntev cov lus nug tshwm sim ntawm kev tsim koj tus kheej daim ntawv. Nws yog invented, tab sis nws yog heev zoo li tus Nazis. Tsoom fwv cov kev zam txim yog tias cov tsev khaws khoom khaws cov khoom tsim nyog ntawm cov khaub ncaws zoo li no, tias lawv cov khoom tsim tau tsim thiab tsis xav tau kev cuam tshuam. Qhov laj thawj rau kev saws me nyuam cov khaub ncaws ib txwm muaj kuj yog qhov tseeb tias GDR tsis muaj kev nqis peev nyiaj txiag loj. Qhov tseem ceeb kuj tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov tseeb tias yog cov tub rog yog tib neeg, ces nws daim ntawv yuav tsum tau txuam nrog cov pej xeem proletarian.

armament ntawm GDR tub rog
armament ntawm GDR tub rog

Daim ntawv ntawm GDR cov tub rog tau tshoov siab rau qee qhov kev ntshai tsis nco qab cuam tshuam nrog lub sijhawm ntawm Nazism. Zaj dab neeg qhia tias thaum ib pab tub rog tuaj xyuas Prague, ib nrab ntawm cov Czechs tau khiav mus rau ntau txoj kev, pom cov tub rog hnav khaub ncaws nrog kaus mom hlau thiab lub xub pwg pluaj.

Cov tub rog ntawm GDR, uas nws cov khaub ncaws tsis zoo li qub, muaj cov lus hais txawv xim. Cov tswv cuab ntawm Navy hnav khaub ncawsntawm xiav xim. Cov kev pabcuam huab cua ntawm Air Force hnav lub teeb xiav, thaum huab cua tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv lub dav hlau missile rog hnav ris tsho grey. Cov tub rog ciam teb yuav tsum hnav khaub ncaws ntsuab kaj.

Feem ntau, cov xim sib txawv ntawm cov tub rog tau tshwm sim hauv cov khaub ncaws ntawm cov rog hauv av. Cov tub rog tub rog, tub rog tiv thaiv huab cua thiab cov tub rog cuaj luaj hnav cov khaub ncaws xim av, cov tub rog phom loj hnav dawb, cov tub rog hauv dav hlau hnav cov txiv kab ntxwv, thiab cov tub rog siv cov tub rog hnav txiv ntseej. Cov kev pab cuam tom qab ntawm cov tub rog (tshuaj kho mob, tub rog kev ncaj ncees thiab kev pabcuam nyiaj txiag) hnav khaub ncaws ntsuab tsaus.

khoom siv

Cov khoom siv ntawm GDR cov tub rog hnyav heev. Yuav luag tsis muaj riam phom tsis txaus, txij li thaum Soviet Union tau muab ntau cov khoom siv tub rog niaj hnub ntawm tus nqi pheej yig. Tsim thiab nthuav dav hauv GDR yog rab phom sniper. Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Xeev ntawm GDR nws tus kheej tau hais kom tsim cov riam phom no los txhawb txoj haujlwm ntawm pawg neeg tiv thaiv.

Tub rog hauv Czechoslovakia

Cov tub rog GDR tau txeeb thaj chaw ntawm Czechoslovakia xyoo 1968, thiab txij li lub sijhawm ntawd lub sijhawm phem tshaj plaws rau Czechs pib. Kev ntxeem tau tshwm sim nrog kev pab los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm txhua lub teb chaws koom nrog hauv Warsaw Pact. Lub hom phiaj yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub xeev, thiab yog vim li cas yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau kev hloov kho, uas tau hu ua "Prague Spring". Nws yog ib qho nyuaj kom paub tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg tuag, vim ntau cov ntaub ntawv tseem raug kaw.

Soviet pab tub rog
Soviet pab tub rog

Cov tub rog GDR hauv Czechoslovakia txawv nws tus kheej los ntawm nws cov ntshav txias thiab qee qhov kev ua phem. Cov neeg ua pov thawj ntawm cov xwm txheej tau nco qab qhov ntawdcov tub rog kho cov pejxeem tsis muaj kev xav, tsis saib xyuas cov neeg mob, raug mob thiab menyuam yaus. Kev ntshai loj thiab tsis tsim nyog rigidity - qhov no yog qhov koj tuaj yeem ua tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg ua tub rog. Interestingly, qee cov neeg koom hauv cov xwm txheej tau hais tias cov tub rog Lavxias tau xyaum tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov tub rog ntawm GDR thiab yuav tsum ua ntsiag to tiv thaiv kev tsim txom ntawm Czechs los ntawm kev txiav txim siab.

Yog tias koj tsis suav nrog keeb kwm keeb kwm, nws yuav nthuav tias raws li qee qhov chaw, GDR cov tub rog tsis tau nkag mus rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm Czechoslovakia, tab sis tsom rau ntawm ciam teb ntawm lub xeev. Kev ua phem ntawm National Army ntawm GDR tsis tuaj yeem ua ncaj ncees, tab sis ib tus yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lub hlwb kev nyuaj siab, qaug zog thiab ua txhaum uas cov Germans mus rau Prague. Cov lus nug ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg tuag, nrog rau pes tsawg tus ntawm lawv tau raug xwm txheej tiag, tseem yog qhov tsis paub.

Txoj Kev Navy ntawm GDR

Cov tub rog ntawm GDR cov tub rog yog cov muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm txhua lub tebchaws sib koom ua ke ntawm USSR. Nws muaj cov nkoj niaj hnub uas tuaj rau hauv kev ncig xyoo 1970-1980. Thaum lub sijhawm sib sau ua ke ntawm lub tebchaws Yelemes, cov tub rog muaj 110 lub nkoj thiab 69 lub nkoj pabcuam. Lawv muaj lub hom phiaj sib txawv, thaum tseem niaj hnub thiab nruab. Lub nkoj tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws shipyards nyob rau hauv lub USSR thiab Poland. Cov tub rog huab cua muaj nyob ntawm nws qhov pov tseg 24 lub dav hlau helicopters. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Navy tau sib npaug li kwv yees li 16 txhiab tus neeg.

ddr tub rog photo
ddr tub rog photo

Lub zog tshaj plaws yog 3 lub nkoj ua rau Zelenodolskshipyard nyob rau hauv lub USSR. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tub rog GDR muaj cov chav tshwj xeeb ntawm cov nkoj uas loj heev.

Kev ua ub no tom qab kev sib sau ua ke German

Lub Kaum Hli 3, 1990, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub tebchaws Yelemes tau tshwm sim. Los ntawm lub sijhawm no, lub zog ntawm GDR cov tub rog yog yuav luag 90 txhiab tus neeg. Rau qee qhov laj thawj ntawm kev nom kev tswv, ib pab tub rog muaj zog thiab ncaj ncees tau tawg. Cov tub ceev xwm thiab cov tub rog zoo tib yam tsis raug lees paub tias yog tub rog, thiab lawv cov laus raug tshem tawm. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tau maj mam tso tawm. Qee cov tub rog tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau Bundeswehr, tab sis tsuas yog tau txais txoj haujlwm qis dua nyob ntawd.

Yog cov tub rog raug suav hais tias tsis tsim nyog rau kev pabcuam hauv pab tub rog tshiab, ces qhov no tseem tuaj yeem pom qhov kev piav qhia zoo. Lawv raug coj los rau hauv ib txoj kev, lawv lub hom phiaj yog qhov txawv ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm lub tebchaws Yelemes. Nws yog qhov txawv heev uas tsoomfwv tshiab tau txiav txim siab muag lossis pov tseg cov khoom siv tub rog feem ntau. Cov thawj coj German tau nquag nrhiav cov neeg muag khoom muaj txiaj ntsig txhawm rau muag cov khoom siv niaj hnub no ntawm tus nqi siab dua. Ib feem ntawm cov nkoj xa mus rau Indonesian fleet.

tub rog gdr uniform
tub rog gdr uniform

Tsoomfwv Meskas tau txaus siab heev rau Soviet thev naus laus zis ntawm FRG thiab maj nrawm mus yuav ib feem ntawm nws tus kheej. Qhov kev txaus siab tshaj plaws yog lub nkoj, uas tau xa mus rau qhov chaw tshawb fawb ntawm US Navy hauv nroog Xalaumoo. Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau ua rau nws, thiab tib lub sijhawm nws tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm Asmeskas cov nkoj tsim khoom. Yog li ntawd, nws tau lees paub tias qhov RCA no ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau US Navy.

Nws yog qhov nthuav tiastsis yog ib lub nkoj ntawm National People's Army los ua ib feem ntawm cov tub rog ntawm lub tebchaws Yelemes. Qhov no yog qhov kawg ntawm keeb kwm ntawm cov tub rog ntawm GDR, uas nws cov nkoj tuaj yeem pom hauv 8 lub tebchaws sib txawv.

Kev nyuaj siab

Tom qab kev sib sau ua ke ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, lub teb chaws zoo siab, tab sis ntau txhiab tus tub ceev xwm ntawm cov neeg qub tub rog tau tso tseg los tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej. Cov tub rog GDR, cov duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm, tau tsis meej pem, poob siab thiab npau taws. Tsuas yog tsis ntev los no cov tub rog yog cov neeg tseem ceeb hauv zej zog, thiab tam sim no lawv tau dhau los ua cov dregs uas lawv tsis xav ntiav. Zoo nkauj sai sai, cov pej xeem ntawm lub teb chaws nws tus kheej pom tau hais tias nws tsis yog kev koom ua ke ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, tab sis qhov tseeb nqus los ntawm cov neeg nyob ze sab hnub poob.

gdr tub rog uniform
gdr tub rog uniform

Cov tub rog yav dhau los tau sawv hauv kab ntawm kev sib pauv khoom lag luam kom tau txais ib txoj haujlwm txhawm rau noj zaub mov rau lawv tus kheej thiab lawv tsev neeg. Txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm (nrog qib siab dua thiab qis dua) ntawm GDR tau txais tom qab kev sib koom ua ke yog kev ntxub ntxaug thiab kev txaj muag hauv txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub neej.

qeb system

Nyob rau hauv NPA, cov txheej txheem qeb siab suav nrog Wehrmacht insignia. Cov qeb thiab cov cim tau xav tau hloov mus rau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tub rog Soviet, txij li nws qhov kev sib tw yog txawv me ntsis ntawm German ib qho. Los ntawm kev sib txuas ob lub tshuab no, GDR tub rog tsim ib yam dab tsi ntawm nws tus kheej. Generals tau muab faib ua 4 qeb: Marshal ntawm GDR, Army General, Colonel General thiab Lieutenant General. Cov tub ceev xwm corps muaj colonels, lieutenant colonels, majors, captains thiab senior lieutenants. Tom ntej no tuaj txog ntu ntu ntawm cov tub rog, tub rog thiab tub rog.

Cov Tub Rog Hauv Tebchaws ntawm GDR muaj zoglub zog uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv keeb kwm yav dhau los thoob ntiaj teb. Txoj hmoo tau dhau los ua rau cov tub rog tsis muaj sijhawm los qhia tag nrho lawv lub zog thiab lub zog, vim qhov no tau tiv thaiv los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, uas ua rau lub NPA tawg tag.

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