Hauv lus Askiv cov qauv sau ntawv, txhua qhov kev ua tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm lub xeev lossis cov lus qhia txav. Lub xeev verbs qhia peb txoj kev xav, kev xav tau, kev xav, kev xav, muaj ib yam dab tsi. Verbs ntawm kev txav - kev ua ub ua no, hloov lossis txav los ntawm ib qho mus rau lwm qhov. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav txheeb xyuas lub ntsiab lus: "Cov lus qhia ntawm kev hais lus hauv lus Askiv" thiab tau txais kev paub nrog phrasal verbs, uas yog indispensable nyob rau hauv lus Askiv colloquial.
Verbs of motion. Hom
Rau qhov yooj yim ntawm kev kawm verbs ntawm kev txav, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua pawg. Xav txog cov lus nrog kev txhais lus thiab lus Lavxias.
Kev nrawm nrawm
| lus Askiv | Russian transcription | Kev txhais lus | |
| 1 | brake | [pawg | slow down |
| 2 | crawl | [krol] | ncig; nce, nce |
| 3 | [creep] | crawl; pob zeb; nkag mus | |
| 4 | fly | [fly] | fly; tawm mus |
| 5 | go | [go] | mus; hla; mus |
| 6 | nrhiav | ['hari] | nrawm nrawm; kho; khiav tawm |
| 7 | caij | [caij | mus; caij |
| 8 | run | [run] | run; khiav dhau, hla |
| 9 | taug kev | [taug | taug kev; taug kev; ncig teb chaws |
hom kev txav
| lus Askiv | Kev txhais ua lus Lavxias | As translation | |
| 1 | bend | [band] | bend |
| 2 | move | [txav | txav; txav mus; mov |
| 3 |
roll |
[roll] | roll |
| 4 | rov | [rouˈtate] | rotate; hloov; change |
| 5 | shake | [shake] | shake |
| 6 | skate | [skate] | skating |
| 7 | ski | [ski] | skiing/skiing |
| 8 | slide | [slide] | slide |
| 9 | stop | [stop] | stop; nres; interfere |
| 10 | swim | [suim] | ua luam dej; ua luam dej hla; tig |
| 11 | swing | [suyin] | wobble |
| 12 | tig | [ten] | tig; tig mus rau hauv; thov |
| 13 | wave | [wave] | wave tes |
Verbs of direction in English
| Ib lo lus ua lus Askiv | Kev txhais lus | Txhais los ntawm Askiv | |
| 1 | ascend | [esend] | nce; nqa; pop up |
| 2 | nce | [claim] | nce; sawv; nce |
| 3 | [dissend] | mus nqis; nqis | |
| 4 | dab | [poob | pov, pov tseg |
| 5 | [foul] |
poob; poob; ntaus |
|
| 6 | lift | [elevator] | nce; ua siab loj |
| 7 | qis | [ˈlowe] | txoov; qis |
| 8 | raise | [nce | nce; loj hlob |
| 9 | nce | [nce | nce, nce |
| 10 | sink | [sync] | dub; poob dej; caij nplooj zeeg, caij nplooj zeeg |
Cyclic zog
| Word by-English | Kev txhais lus | Txhais los ntawm Askiv | |
| 1 | ua ntej | [ua ntej | move |
| 2 | arrive | [eˈriv] | rov; tuaj txog; tuaj |
| 3 | ua kom | [eˈtein] | ua tiav; txais |
| 4 | [cam] | tuaj; tuaj; koom | |
| 5 | hloov | [hli | hloov |
| 6 | depart | [diˈpat] | tawm; thim rov qab; tawm mus |
| 7 | nkag | [ˈente] | enter; txav mus rau hauv |
| 8 | Ua raws | [ˈfollow] | follow; taug; lo rau |
| 9 | leej | [liv] | tawm; tawm; nyob |
| 10 | meet | [mit] |
dating |
| 11 | pass | [pass] | pass; mus hla |
| 12 | reach | [rich] | ua tiav; tau; ncab |
| 13 | rov | [riˈten] | rov; muab; rov |
| 14 | start | [stat] | pib; khiav |
Verses of pursuit in English
| lus Askiv | Russian transcription | Kev txhais lus | |
| 1 | avoid | [eˈvoid] | zam; shun; dodge |
| 2 | catch | [catch] | catch; tuav; ntes |
| 3 | drive | [tsav | mus; tsav |
| 4 | kawm | [isˈcape] | run; zam; tawm |
| 5 | flee | [fli] | khiav tawm; khiav tawm |
| 6 | ncig | [peˈsue] | chaw; search |
| 7 | surpass | [seˈpass] | hla dhau, ua ntej |
Verbs of motion related to dej
| lus Askiv | Kev txhais ua lus Lavxias | As translation | |
| 1 | dive | [dub] | dub, dhia dej; dhia dej; tob |
| 2 | drown | [draun] | sab, poob dej; dej nyab; khob |
|
3 |
emerge | [iˈmej] | pop up, tshwm |
| 4 | float | [float] | sail; ua luam dej, ntab |
| 5 | [flow] | ||
| 6 | plunge | [plunge] | dub; dhia |
| 7 | row | [kab | rowing |
| 8 | sail | [muag | ua luam dej; teem caij |
| 9 | sink | [sync] | dub; poob dej; nqis |
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov lus qhia ua lus Askiv, nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus, tuaj yeem txhais ua cov lus qhia hauv xeev.
Examples:
- Kuv pog thiab kuv taug kev hauv Park nag hmo. - Kuv pog thiab kuv taug kev hauv lub tiaj ua si nag hmo.
- Kuv tus tij laug Mike skates txhua hnub. - Kuv tus tij laug Mike skates txhua hnub.
- Peter tau nce Mount Everest xyoo tas los. - Peter nce Everest xyoo tas los.
- Peb thaj chaw hla dhau los nag xob nag cua. - Tus dej qus hla peb qhov chaw.
- Kuv khiav deb ntawm tus dev phem. - Kuv khiav deb ntawm tus dev npau taws.
- Kuv tus phooj ywg thiab kuv ua luam dej rau ntawm pas dej thaum sawv ntxov. - Thaum sawv ntxov kuv tus phooj ywg thiab kuv mus da dej hauv pas dej.
phrasal verbs of motion in English
Phrasal verbs yog formulations uas muaj ob peb lo lus. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm verbs tuaj yeem hloov pauv nyob ntawm qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov lus. Piv txwv li:
- come in - nkag;
- tawm - tawm mus.
Dab tsi yog phrasal verbs:
1. Verb (ua) + adverb (kos npe). Verbs of motion in English nyob rau hauv xws li kab lus feem ntau yog siv nrog cov nram qab no adverbs:
- across [ekros] - nruab nrab ntawm, dhau, dhau, hla, hla;
- against [eˈgenst] - txawm tias, tawm tsam, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws;
- ahead [eˈhead] - ua ntej, ua ntej, ua ntej;
- around [eˈround] - ncig, ze;
- rov [rov] - rov qab;
- down [down] - nqis, nqis;
- forward [ˈfoued] - forward;
- up [up] - nce, saum toj no.
Examples:
- Bob rov los tsaus ntuj. - Bob rov qab los thaum tsaus ntuj.
- Tus Thawj Coj tau sawv sai sai thiab muab qhov kev txiav txim. Tus General sawv ceev ceev thiab muab qhov kev txiav txim.
2. Verb (ua) + preposition. Prepositions feem ntau siv hauv cov kev tsim kho no:
- by [by] - mus, ntawm, tom, qab, hauv qab;
- in [in] - to, from;
- for [pho] - for, by;
- off [ntawm] - tawm, ntawm, los ntawm;
- out [tawm] - rau, tawm, tawm;
- on [nws] - by, on, with, about, s.
Examples:
- Peb mus ntxiv. - Peb tab tom mus tom ntej.
- Civ khiav tawm. - Cov miv khiav tawm.
- Ib tug tub coj txawv txawv taug kev los rau kuv. – Ib tug me nyuam tub uas tsis paub yuav los cuag kuv.
3. Verb (ua) + adverb (kos npe) + preposition. Cov lus no suav nrog peb lo lus.
Examples:
- Tus neeg muag khoom txo tus nqi qab zib. - Tus neeg muag khoom txo tus nqi qab zib.
- Nws nyob deb ntawm nws. – Nws nyob deb ntawm nws.
- Kuv tos ntsoov koj tuaj txog. - tos ntsoov rau koj tuaj txog.
Table of phrasal verbs of motion
Cia peb saib cov lus qhia feem ntau ntawm cov lus hais hauv lus Askiv.
| Expression | Yuav ua li cas nyeem hauv Lavxias | Kev txhais lus | |
| 1 | [taub rov | rov | |
| 2 | rov qab | [kam back | |
| 3 | [cam down] | mus | |
| 4 | Nyob rau hauv | [cam in | nkag mus, nkag |
| 5 | [kam he] | txoj kev, txuas ntxiv | |
| 6 | tawm | [cam out] | tawm, tawm mus |
| 7 | rov | [kam ˈouwe] | |
| 8 | tuaj | [cam up] | nce, sawv |
| 9 | [Tawm mus | tawm, khiav tawm | |
| 10 | tawm | [tau tawm | |
| 11 | tawm | [tau tawm | tawm, tawm, tawm |
| 12 | nce | [tau | nce, sawv |
| 13 | mus deb | [mus deb | tawm, ncaim, ploj mus |
| 14 | rov qab | [rov qab | |
| 15 | mus | [mus | |
| 16 | mus in | [mus] | nkag mus, nkag mus hauv |
| 17 | [tau tawm | leave, dhau, dhau | |
| 18 | tawm mus | [tawm mus | tawm mus, tawm mus sab nraud |
| 19 | mus hla | [go ˈouwe] | mus dhau, mus kom ze |
| 20 | mus | [nce | nce, nce mus |
| 21 | sit down | [Sit Down] | sit down, zaum |
| 22 | sit up | [sit up] | nce, sawv, ncaj nraim |
| 23 | taug kev deb | [Taug kev deb | tawm, nqa mus, taug kev deb |
| 24 | taug tawm | [taug tawm | tawm mus, taug kev |
| 25 | taug kev hla | [taug ˈouwe] |
Kawm cov lus qhia ntawm kev txav yog yooj yim. Qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws yuav tsum nco ntsoov phrasal verbs, txij li thaum cov lus txhais lus yog qee zaum tsis meej hauv lub ntsiab lus. Cov neeg laus tsuas yog yuav tsum nco txog phrasal verbs ntawm tsab ntawv tsa suab hauv lus Askiv. Rau cov menyuam yaus, cov duab thiab daim npav qhia txog kev ua yog tsim nyog. Nws tsuas yog ua siab ntev me ntsis xwb thiab lus Askiv yuav los ze zog dua rau koj!
