Raws li kev kwv yees ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb, txog niaj hnub no, peat reserves ntawm peb ntiaj chaw muaj txog li tsib puas billion tons. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lawv yog concentrated nyob rau sab qaum teb Hemisphere. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog qhov yooj yim heev thiab muaj feem xyuam rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm huab cua, piv txwv li, qhov ntsuas ntawm nag lossis daus thiab qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo av noo. Kab lus no yuav tham txog dab tsi peat yog, nrog rau nws hom, yam ntxwv thiab kev siv.
tswvyim
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nws yog ib yam ntawm cov khoom siv ntxhia, uas feem ntau siv los tsim cov roj. Nws tsim nyob rau hauv swampy cheeb tsam thiab yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug loj tsub zuj zuj ntawm ntau yam organic ntsiab uas tsis tau tag nrho decomposed. Raws li txoj cai, lub thickness ntawm deposits ntawm nws cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog tsis tsawg tshaj li peb caug centimeters. Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis nco qab qhov tseeb tias peat yog cov ntxhia, uas muaj ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm carbon. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj pes tsawg leeg suav nrog calcium, potassium, phosphorus, hlau, nitrogen, thiabhumic acids thiab zaub fibers. Kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub paub qhov txawv ntawm ob hom tseem ceeb ntawm nws - qis-dej thiab siab-moor peat.
Uss
Cov pob txha tau pom siv ntau heev. Tshwj xeeb, hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, kev siv peat yog txuam nrog kev tsim cov chiv chiv, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev cog qoob loo hauv nroog, mulching cov av, thiab lwm yam. Hauv kev lag luam tsiaj txhu, nws feem ntau ua lub txaj rau cov tsiaj nyeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog siv los ua roj, nrog rau kev tsim tshuaj.
Key Features
Raws li twb tau sau tseg lawm, ntau yam khoom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm peat tso cai rau nws siv ntau qhov chaw ntawm tib neeg kev ua haujlwm. Tshwj xeeb, pob txha pob txha muab kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv huab cua-dej ntawm cov av, yog li ua rau lawv fertility thiab productivity. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab lub nuance uas ua ntej siv nyob rau hauv floriculture los yog horticulture, nws yuav tsum tau weathered, uas yuav tshem tawm cov acids teeb meem rau ntau yam nroj tsuag. Qhov no yuav siv qhov nruab nrab ntawm peb xyoos. Ntxiv mus, cov khoom muab cov dej noo siab ntawm ntau cov av sib tov ua rau nws lub hauv paus.
Fossil ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov xwm txheej. Qhov tseeb yog tias nws khaws cov khoom ntawm photosynthesis thiab atmospheric carbon. Ntawm lwm yam, cov khoom ua raws li ib yam ntawm cov dej lim dej, txij li cov khoom ntawm peat ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tshem tawm ntau yam impurities los ntawm nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas suav nrog txawm tiascov hlau hnyav. Nov yog nws txoj haujlwm ecological.
Thawj cov pob txha uas tau hais los saum toj no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qib qis ntawm acidity. Nws muaj ntau cov as-ham, uas ua rau nws zoo heev chiv. Kev rho tawm ntawm hom peat no feem ntau yog ua nyob rau hauv swamps tsim nyob rau hauv dej nyab los yog ze ntawm ko taw ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj. Nws cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig tau cuam tshuam nrog kev ua kom tsis tu ncua nrog dej vim qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig thiab nag lossis daus. Cov pob txha tuaj yeem ua rau me ntsis decomposed, me ntsis decomposed, los yog muaj zog decomposed. Nws yog qhov kev xaiv tom kawg uas suav tias yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws rau fertilizing av.
Nce saib
High peat yog ntau yam uas tau tsim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm paj rwb nyom, ntoo thuv lossis sphagnum nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm nag lossis daus. Feem ntau, nws ua raws li roj los yog ua ib feem ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv siv rau thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm thaj chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog feem ntau siv los mulch cov av. Ib tug yam ntxwv feature ntawm hom yog tsis muaj pests, pathogens, thiab nroj tsuag noob nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg. Hauv qhov no, pob txha pob txha feem ntau pom hauv tsev cog khoom thiab tsev cog khoom. Yuav ua li cas nws yuav, ib tug tsis tuaj yeem tsis nco qab qhov tseeb tias nws tsis zoo hauv cov as-ham thiab acidic heev. Qhov no ua rau nws siv tau los ua chiv rau qee hom nroj tsuag xwb.
Kev Kawm
Hais txog dab tsi peat, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem tsis nco qab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev tsimtej pob txha. Nws tshwm sim raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tuag ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv ib tug swampy cheeb tsam, uas ces rot nyob rau hauv tus ntawm ib tug ntau ntawm noo noo thiab nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm ib tug tsis muaj oxygen. Cov khoom yog xim av los yog dub thiab yog fibrous nyob rau hauv cov qauv. Nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso, nws muaj ib tug loj feem ntawm dej.
Key parameters
Ib qho peat deposit yog ib qho concentration ntawm interlayers ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm txawv xwm thiab hom, uas yog nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas nws qhov tob nyob rau hauv lub undrained lub xeev mus txog xya caum centimeters, nws yog xam tau tias yog ib tug geological cia. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias peat yog raw khoom, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm nws tsim, tau txais ib tug tshwj xeeb cov ntsiab lus ntawm phosphorus, nitrogen, poov tshuaj thiab lwm yam minerals. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv deposits txawv nyob rau hauv xws li cov cim qhia xws li humification, tshauv cov ntsiab lus thiab ya raws feem pua.
Lub tswv yim ntawm kev humification txhais tau hais tias feem pua ntawm cov pa roj carbon muaj nyob hauv peat, nrog rau cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig thiab cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig, rau nws qhov hnyav tag nrho. Yog tias qhov ntsuas no tsis tshaj 20 feem pua, qhov tso nyiaj muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm kev puas tsuaj, thaum nws nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 20 txog 35 feem pua - nruab nrab, thiab lwm yam - siab.
Tus txheeb ze humidity ntawm peat txhais tau tias cov dej hauv tag nrho cov huab hwm coj raws li feem pua, thiab cov av noo tsis txaus yog tib tus nqi qhia hauv grams.
Ash cov ntsiab lus yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb,uas characterizes peat. Tus nqi no qhia qhov feem pua ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom ntxhia thiab cov khoom qhuav.
Risks thiab phom sij cuam tshuam nrog peat
Muaj qee yam txaus ntshai tom qab kev txhim kho ntawm peatlands. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, lawv muaj feem xyuam rau qhov tseeb hais tias thaum lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem ntawm ziab, tso tawm ntawm yav tas los absorbed carbon dioxide tuaj yeem ceev. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau ntawm peb tau hnov txog peat hluav taws. Cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias lawv yeej tsis tshwm sim ntawm lawv tus kheej, vim lawv yog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tib neeg kev ua ub ua no txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau thiab ua kom cov dej ntxhia hauv peatlands.
