Biography ntawm Vladimir Komarov thiab nthuav qhov tseeb ntawm lub neej

Cov txheej txheem:

Biography ntawm Vladimir Komarov thiab nthuav qhov tseeb ntawm lub neej
Biography ntawm Vladimir Komarov thiab nthuav qhov tseeb ntawm lub neej
Anonim

Lub Baikonur Cosmodrome thaum 3 teev sawv ntxov lub Plaub Hlis 23, 1967 tau tuav ob tus neeg tshawb nrhiav chaw nto moo ib zaug: Yuri Gagarin thiab Vladimir Komarov. Nyob rau hmo ntuj muaj hmoo no, Yuri, raws li kev sim ob, thiab ua ntej ntawm txhua tus phooj ywg, pom nws tus phooj ywg ntawm lub davhlau ntawm Soyuz-1 spacecraft. Muaj 35 feeb ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, thiab lub elevator tau coj cov neeg caij nkoj mus rau saum lub foob pob hluav taws rau lub nkoj. Gagarin nyob nrog Vladimir Komarov txog thaum lub kaus mom kaw thiab yog tus kawg xav kom nws muaj hmoo … thiab hais lus zoo rau nws.

kev pub dawb

Xyoo 1959, ua tub rog tsav dav hlau, Vladimir Mikhailovich tau raug hu los ntawm kev coj noj coj ua, uas nws tau ntsib los ntawm ob tus neeg hwm. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog ib tug tub rog kws kho mob, thiab tus thib ob yog ib tug tub rog tub rog tub rog. Tus kws tshaj lij hluas tau muab txoj haujlwm zais cia thiab tsuas yog qhia tias nws yuav tsim nyog los sim cov cuab yeej thiab ya ntawm qhov siab. "Thaum kawg," xavVladimir Komarov, vim hais tias ya yog nws npau suav. Yog li ntawd, cov lus teb yog tam sim ntawd thiab zoo.

vladimir komarov
vladimir komarov

Xyoo no muaj kev xaiv ntawm kev sim cosmonauts, cov kev cai tseem ceeb yog: qhov siab 1.7 meters, hnyav txog 70 kg thiab hnub nyoog mus txog 30 xyoo. Lub sijhawm ntawd, Vladimir muaj 32 xyoos, tab sis nws qhov kev paub theoretical yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov lus txib, thiab nws tau xaus rau hauv kev sib cais ntawm 20 xaiv rau kev sim zais cia.

Pilots yuav tsum tau khiav txhua hnub, tsheb ciav hlau hauv chav cua sov, centrifuge thiab skydive. Tsuas yog 3 lub hlis tom qab nws pom tseeb tias cov txiv neej tab tom npaj xa mus rau qhov chaw.

first flight

Nws tau npaj los xaiv tsuas yog ib qho chaw tshawb nrhiav los ntawm cov neeg nrhiav neeg ua haujlwm, txawm li cas los xij, tom qab thawj lub davhlau ntawm Yuri Gagarin, uas tau raug xaiv los ntawm nees nkaum saum toj kawg nkaus, nws tau pom tseeb tias qhov kev tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw yuav tsis txwv rau. ib leeg.

Thiab thaum Lub Kaum Hli 12, 1964, lub ntiaj teb thawj lub rooj zaum ntau lub nkoj Voskhod raug xa mus rau qhov chaw. Ib tug neeg coob ntawm peb yog npaj: ib tug tsav, ib tug kws kho mob thiab ib tug engineer. Vladimir Komarov yog tus thawj coj ntawm pawg neeg ua haujlwm. Qhov kev txiav txim siab kuj tau ua los ntawm cov lus txib siab kom xa cov neeg tsis muaj qhov chaw suits, vim tias tsis muaj chaw txaus rau peb hauv Voskhod.

vladimir yoov tshaj cum
vladimir yoov tshaj cum

Lub nkoj tau pib thaum 7.30 teev sawv ntxov, tom qab uas Komarov tau xa daim ntawv tshaj tawm ib txwm muaj rau N. Khrushchev, thiab tom qab ntawd, los ntawm kev hu thib ob rau Kremlin, qhia L. Brezhnev thiab D. Ustinov txog kev nce qib ntawm cov xwm txheej.. Txawm li cas los xij, cov thawj coj tog tsis nyob hauv qhov chaw. Thiab qhov no tsis muaj kev huam yuaj, vim tias lub sijhawm ntawd "Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj Kev Hloov Kho Me" tab tom npaj,uas nws lub hom phiaj yog los rhuav tshem tsoom fwv tam sim no.

Qhia rau?

Txij li Gagarin thawj lub davhlau, ib qho kev lig kev cai tau tsim, raws li tus Secretary General ntsib cov cosmonauts ntawm Red Square rau cov lus ceeb toom tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm.

Tom qab lub Voskhod tsaws ntawm lub nkoj nrog Vladimir Komarov, N. Khrushchev twb raug tshem tawm ntawm lub hwj chim, nws tsis paub tias leej twg yuav nyeem daim ntawv qhia npaj. Thaum lub rooj zaum ntawm General Secretary raug tso tseg yam tsis muaj tus kav, cov neeg coob ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj tsis raug tso cai tawm ntawm Baikonur. Tau tsib hnub tag nrho, cov kws tshaj lij tau nyob tom qab kaw qhov rooj, thaum lawv ya mus rau hauv N. S. Khrushchev, thiab rov qab los, raws li nws tau paub tom qab, nyob rau hauv L. I. Brezhnev.

Thaum cov neeg coob tau muab qhov kev mus tom ntej los txog hauv Moscow, Vladimir thaum lub sijhawm ya davhlau pib rov sau tsab ntawv ceeb toom thiab cov ntawv ntawm cov ntawv ceeb toom nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm kev thov rov hais dua. Cov kab lus tam sim no ploj ntawm lawv: "Nyob zoo Nikita Sergeevich!"

Flying on Voskhod tag nrho hloov lub neej ntawm ib tug tub rog tsav: txij no mus, cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov yog ib tug Hero ntawm lub Soviet Union.

pab koj tus nrog sib ntaus

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-60s, muaj ob pawg chaw: tub rog thiab tub rog tshwj xeeb. Muaj kev ntxub ntxaug ntawm cov pab pawg. Raws li Georgy Grechko, uas yog ib feem ntawm cov pej xeem cosmonauts, thaum lub sij hawm kev cob qhia lub cev, cov hais mav los ntawm cov tub rog detachment ncig lawv cov rivals thiab paub vim li cas lawv tuaj rau lub chaw pab neeg. Tom qab tag nrho, kev lag luam ntawm civil engineers yog tsim ships, thiab cov hais mav los ntawm cov tub rog detachment yog destined mus ya lawv. Thiab nws yog txhua yam tsis ncaj ncees lawm, cov chaw hauv lub dav hlau tau nyob los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij pej xeem.

vladimir yoov tshaj cum photo
vladimir yoov tshaj cum photo

Hauv kev ua tsov rog ntsiag to, txhua tus tswvcuab ntawm pawg neeg tawm tsam tau txaus siab rau qhov tsis nyiam rau tus nrog sib ntaus, tshwj tsis yog rau tus neeg siab zoo Vladimir Komarov, uas koom nrog pab pawg tub rog. Tom qab kev tsaws tsis tiav los ntawm Georgy Grechko, thaum lub sijhawm nws txhais ceg tawg, cov lus nug tshwm sim ntawm nws qhov kev tshem tawm. Tab sis Vladimir, yog los ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam tawm tsam, ntseeg tus thawj coj kom tso cai rau Grechko muab cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm lub chaw cob qhia cosmonaut rau lub sijhawm ntawm Grechko txoj kev kho mob thiab, tom qab ua tiav, rov qab mus rau kev cob qhia rau qhov chaw dav hlau.

He alth problems

Ua ntej thawj lub davhlau hauv xyoo 1963, Vladimir Komarov pom nws tus kheej hauv qhov xwm txheej nyuaj thaum kuaj mob. Tom qab kev cob qhia ntawm lub centrifuge, tus tsav lub cardiogram pom cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo. Thiab lub plawv yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau ib tug astronaut tshaj ib tug tawg ceg. Muaj ib qho teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau daws los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov tub ntxhais kawm.

vladimir komarov
vladimir komarov

Tom qab ntawd tag nrho cov detachment coj los ntawm Yuri Gagarin tiv thaiv nws tus phooj ywg, thiab tau teem sijhawm kuaj mob thib ob. Tom qab ntawd tus kws kho mob Adila Kotovskaya tau tswj xyuas kom paub tias yog vim li cas rau qhov txiaj ntsig zoo li no. Qhov tseeb yog tias Vladimir cov tonsils raug tshem tawm ib hlis ua ntej lub centrifuge, thiab tus tsav tau zais qhov tseeb ua ntej kev cob qhia.

Kev kuaj zaum thib ob tau pom zoo rau Komarov, thiab cov kws kho mob tau xaus lus: "Nrog rau daim cardiogram, koj tuaj yeem ya mus rau qhov chaw xwb."

Cov Hluas ntawm Vladimir Komarov: biography

Volodya kawm hauv Moscow Tsev Kawm Ntawv No. 235 los ntawm qib 1 txog qib 10. Nws txiv yograws li ib tug janitor thiab thaum nws so, ua ke nrog nws tus tub, nws glued mock-ups ntawm aircraft. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam txog kev xaiv ntawm txoj haujlwm yav tom ntej. Tom qab kawm tiav, tus tub nkag mus rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv davhlau, tom qab ntawd nws mus ua haujlwm hauv Chechnya.

cosmonaut vladimir yoov tshaj cum
cosmonaut vladimir yoov tshaj cum

Ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm, Vladimir ntsib nws tus poj niam yav tom ntej, Valentina Kiseleva. Thawj thawj zaug nws pom nws nyob rau hauv ib daim duab tso tawm raws li ib tug zoo txhaj tshuaj nyob rau hauv ib tug yees duab salon. Tus ntxhais nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd kawm hauv Pedagogical University, thiab ua haujlwm ua tus kws sau ntawv thaum yav tsaus ntuj. Vladimir nyiam nyeem ntawv, thiab nquag mus xyuas lub tsev qiv ntawv, qhov twg Valentina, hlub rau nws lub siab, ua lub luag haujlwm. Raws li qhov tsis txaus siab ntawm Valentina cov niam txiv rau lawv lub koom haum, ib xyoos ntawm kev sib tham tau ntxias lawv, thiab kev tshoob kos tau tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv kev sib yuav ntawm Valentina thiab Vladimir Komarov, ob tug me nyuam yug: tus tub Evgeny thiab tus ntxhais Irina.

Hnub Kawg

thawj lub davhlau coj tsis tau tsuas yog lub koob meej rau Komarov, tab sis kuj yog khoom plig los ntawm lub xeev - ib chav tsev plaub-chav. Tom qab lub garrison vaj tse, nws yog ib tug dav monastery nrog ib tug sam thiaj, ib tug loggia thiab ib tug loj loj chav ua noj. Cov menyuam yaus tam sim no muaj chaw txaus los ua si nkaum thiab nrhiav yam tsis tau tawm hauv tsev. Txhua tus tau zoo siab, tshwj tsis yog Valentina. Tej yam ua rau tus poj niam cosmonaut tu siab.

Lub Peb Hlis 16, 1967, chav tsev tau txais cov qhua nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm hnub tseem ceeb ntawm Vladimir. Victor Kukeshev, muab kev xam phaj mob siab rau zaj duab xis txog lub cim xeeb ntawm tus hero, hais tias lub fortieth hnub tseem ceeb tau ua kev zoo siab fruitfully. Ntawm kev lom zem ua kev zoo siab, tsis muaj leej twg ntawm cov qhua tuaj yeem xav tias tom qab 1.5 lub hlis lawv yuav pom daim duab ntawm Vladimir Komarov nrog cov hlua dub hauv qab.

Launch of Soyuz-1

Tom qab xa Soyuz-1 ntawm lub nkoj nrog Komarov, KVN cov neeg saib tau kawm tias Soviet astronauts nyob hauv qhov chaw tam sim no, lub Plaub Hlis 23, 1967. Tseeb tiag, daim ntawv tshaj tawm nrog cov ntaub ntawv no tau muab tso rau ntawm theem kev lom zem ntawm lub tebchaws. Lub tsev muab ib tug sawv ovation. Thiab twb nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis 24, tsis muaj cov lus ceeb toom thiab cov lus ceeb toom tau hnov los ntawm qhov chaw. Valentina tab tom tos nws tus phab ej. Lub teeb liab ceeb toom rau tus poj niam yog tam sim ntawd kaw ntawm lub tsev xov tooj. Txawm hais tias nws paub tias cov tub rog tsav dav hlau ib txwm muaj xov tooj ua haujlwm. Tab sis cov dub Volga uas tsav tsheb mus rau qhov nkag ntawm Komarovs thaum kawg tua kev cia siab rau Valentina kom pom nws tus hlub. Tus Colonel General, uas tuaj txog qhia rau cosmonaut tsev neeg txog qhov xwm txheej, tsis tas yuav hais lus qhib. Valentina tsuas nug nws txog qhov siv tau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.

Duab los ntawm vladimir Komarov
Duab los ntawm vladimir Komarov

Lub Plaub Hlis 26, 1967, lub ntees tuag ntawm Hero ntawm Soviet Union tau tshwm sim. Cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov yog immortalized nyob rau hauv lub Kremlin phab ntsa. Tseem muaj ib lub pob zeb nrog nws tshauv.

Yog vim li cas ho tsis ya davhlau

Lub davhlau ntawm Soyuz-1 lub dav hlau tau ncua txhua lub sijhawm, vim tias txhua zaus muaj teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau tshem tawm. Tab sis cov thawj coj saum toj kawg nkaus tau nrawm cov neeg tsim qauv txhawm rau txhawm rau tso lub nkoj sai dua thiab lub sijhawm ua tiav kom ua tiav nrog lub 50th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm Lub Kaum Hli Revolution. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txij li lub sijhawm ntawd lub zog thib ob - Tebchaws Meskas tau ua haujlwm zoo hauv kev tshawb nrhiav chaw.

Vladimir Komarov thaum yau Story ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb
Vladimir Komarov thaum yau Story ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb

Rau qhov laj thawj kev nyab xeeb, nws yuav tsum tau tso tawm tsis muaj neeg sivdav hlau. Soyuz-1 ua tsis tau tag nrho peb qhov kev sim tsis muaj neeg siv, txawm li cas los xij, nws tau raug xa mus rau qhov chaw ntawm lub nkoj nrog Komarov. Tom qab tso lub nkoj mus rau hauv lub voj voog, teeb meem pib: ib lub hnub ci roj teeb tsis qhib, thiab qhov no yog qhov tsis muaj zog thiab, vim li ntawd, qhov tsis kam tswj tsis siv neeg. Vladimir pib lub cav rau braking, pib npaj cov cuab yeej rau tsaws. Txhua tus neeg nyob hauv lub chaw tswj hwm sighed, tab sis tau txais cov lus hais tias Vladimir Komarov tau tuag ze Orsk. Daim duab ntawm cov charred tseem nyob tam sim no tau nthuav tawm thoob plaws ntiaj teb, tab sis tom qab ntawd muaj ntau tus neeg ua txhaum cai ntawm kev tuag, thiab kev ua yeeb yam nrog rau qhov tshwm sim tuag tsis tau sau rau hauv ntawv xov xwm. Qhov ua rau tuag tau tshaj tawm cov kab sib tw parachute, vim tias lub nkoj pib poob sai. Tom qab ntawd lub commission pom txog 200 qhov tsis txaus ntawm Soyuz-1. Lawv raug tshem tawm dhau lub sijhawm, thiab txog niaj hnub no lub nkoj ya tsis dhau.

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