Ib tug neeg xav txhua hnub txog yam khoom noj thiab yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim tau lawv cov zaub mov zoo. Hmoov tsis zoo, tsuas yog cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv loj feem ntau xav txog kev noj zaub mov. Txhua tus paub tias kev noj zaub mov yuav tsum yog cov protein. Cov khoom no yog dab tsi?
Unsimple properties
Proteins (cov protein) yog cov macromolecules loj ntawm lub neej uas tuaj yeem muaj ntau cov saw hlau. Cov tsev me me tshaj plaws ntawm cov tsev majestic no yog cov amino acids. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws hloov tawm tias, raws li txoj cai ntawm kev tshwm sim, tag nrho cov molecules tau txais cov cuab yeej nyuaj heev uas tsis txo qis rau cov khoom ntawm cov amino acids. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov dej num ua los ntawm cov proteins hauv tib neeg lub cev yog suav tsis tau, txawm tias pab pawg ntawm cov dej num tseem txawv.
Thiab yog koj ua yuam kev?
Yog li, protein? Nws yog dab tsi thiab ua li cas ib hom txawv ntawm lwm tus? Proteins sib txawv ntawm tus lej thiab cov kab ke ntawm cov amino acids. Thiab ib qho kev hloov me me - thiab cov protein molecules tsis tuaj yeem ua lawv txoj haujlwm. Qee lub sij hawm nws nkag mus rau hauv cov kab mob caj cesyuam kev, thiab los ntawm cov cuab yeej coding, cov amino acids tau hloov nrog qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm - cov kab mob loj xws li myasthenia gravis lossis mob kab mob hauv cell anemia tshwm sim. Protein tseem ceeb heev rau lub cev. Dab tsi yog cov kab mob caj ces cuam tshuam nrog nws cov qauv? Cov no yog cov kab mob uas tsis tuaj yeem thiab muaj mob hnyav nyob rau theem ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob.
Mechanism ntawm catalysis
Cov protein ntau macromolecules tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau tib neeg vim lawv txoj haujlwm catalytic. Feem ntau ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv peb lub cev tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim yam tsis muaj qhov kev ua no, vim tias cov kev cuam tshuam no tsis tuaj yeem pib tshwm sim vim muaj zog. Vim li cas cov protein tseem ceeb? Nws sawv cev dab tsi hauv kev cuam tshuam rau catalysis? Tej zaum koj yuav paub ntau dua nrog lub tswv yim-lub ntsiab lus "enzyme". Nws khi rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog cov ntsiab lus nquag, tso cai rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pib, thiab tom qab ntawd muaj kev nyab xeeb "tso" cov khoom. Yog li, nws pab txhawb qhov pib ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tab sis tsis tau noj hauv nws, zoo li lwm yam catalyst.
Basic zog
Cov qauv kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb heev. Proteins muaj nyob rau hauv yuav luag dawb huv daim ntawv nyob rau hauv cov leeg. Cov nqaij uas ntau tus neeg noj rau cov protein yog tsiaj nqaij. Txawm hais tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov proteins raug txiav (xws li hauv cov protein shakes). Nqaij kuj zoo digested. Qhov xwm txheej yog qhov phem dua nrog qhov no hauv cov khoom soy thiab legumes. Muaj ntau cov protein, tab sis rho tawm los ntawm cov khoom hloov mus ua nyuaj rau lub cev.
Nyob rau qib microscopic
Proteins tsim cov pob txha ntawm tes, hu ua cytoskeleton, uas muab cov duab. Kev koom tes ntawm cov protein nyob rau hauv kev thauj khoom ntawm feem ntau cov khoom uas tsis muaj peev xwm dhau los ntawm cov cell membrane ntawm lawv tus kheej kuj tseem ceeb heev. Nyob rau theem ntawm tes, qhov kev ua haujlwm catalytic uas twb tau hais lawm.
Cov proteins uas zoo tshaj plaws noj yog dab tsi? Kev lig kev cai, tsiaj txhu suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem hloov tau cov taum pauv yog tias cov nroj tsuag no tau raug kho ua ntej zoo txaus. Piv txwv li, soy protein shakes muaj cov protein ntau thiab zom tau zoo dua li cov nqaij nqaij. Vim li cas cog cov protein zoo dua rau kev noj qab haus huv? Nws tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov roj ntau ntau thiab tsis ua rau tsim cov roj cholesterol.
