Peb lub neej yog qhov tsis muaj tseeb. Koj yeej tsis paub qhov twg koj yuav xaus rau tag kis thiab hom neeg twg koj yuav tau sib tham nrog. Ib yam yog qhov tseeb - cov neeg txawj ntse thiab txawj ntse tau txais txiaj ntsig txhua qhov chaw! Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau kom tsis txhob poob rau hauv av ntawm koj lub ntsej muag, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib ua ntej ntawm tag nrho koj cov lus, nrog rau cov ntawv sau. Piv txwv li, cov kev cai ntawm commas nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab yuav pab kom koj sau ib daim ntawv kom raug. Tom qab tag nrho, feem ntau txawm tias me me thiab tsis tseem ceeb yuam kev tuaj yeem ua rau tsis nkag siab.
Tus lej thiab nws lub luag haujlwm hauv Lavxias lus sau ntawv
Punctuation is a section of the grammar of the Russian language that controls the use and placement of cais.
Ua tsaug rau cov cim cim, tib neeg, thaum nyeem phau ntawv lossis cov ntaub ntawv, tuaj yeem nkag siab lub suab, lub ntsiab lus thiab kev xav ntawm tus sau.
Cov cim cim, ntxiv rau qhov tseem ceeb thiab kev hais lus, kuj ua si sib faib thiablub luag hauj lwm sib cais, uas yog, lawv cais thiab cais cov kab lus lossis cov lus ntawm ib leeg. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv kab lus "Dab tsi zoo huab cua!" lub exclamation cim tsis tsuas yog qhia qhov kawg ntawm kab lus, nws tseem qhia txog tus sau lub siab. Hauv kev tsim kho syntactic "Nws pib los nag, cov menyuam yaus tau khiav mus tsev" - comma cais ob kab lus yooj yim, thiab tseem qhia txog qhov ua ntu zus.
Cov cim cim hauv qab no yog siv rau hauv Lavxias tus lej: ".", ", ", "()", "!", "?", "–", ":", "…", ";" thiab lawv tus kheej "". Txhua qhov kos npe muaj nws tus kheej ua haujlwm hauv kev sau ntawv.
Vim li cas peb thiaj xav tau commas hauv Lavxias?
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov cim hauv ib hom lus, tsis yog hauv Lavxias nkaus xwb, yog tus cais. Commas cais cov tswv cuab homogeneous ntawm ib kab lus, cov kab lus yooj yim nyob rau hauv ib qho nyuaj, thiab tseem qhia cov kab lus, qhia meej thiab cov lus qhia, kev thov rov hais dua.
Piv txwv: "Lub nroog, nroog, zos - txhua yam yog kuv tus kheej." "Cities", "towns", "villages" yog homogeneous cov tswv cuab ntawm kab lus. Hauv kev tsim kho tom ntej - "Cov huab converged hla lub nroog, cua pib qhov kev ua si, lub ntiaj teb tau shrouded nyob rau hauv txias, qhov kawg ntawm lub ntiaj teb no twb los …" - commas yuav tsum tau cais cov kab lus yooj yim raws li ib feem ntawm ib tug complex. ib.
Txoj cai rau kev teeb tsa tus lej cim yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus uas txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm yuav tsum paub!
- Yog li, hauv kev tsim kho, thaum lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab subordinate tau ua ke los ntawm kev rov sib txuas - thiab … thiab, tsis yog … tsis yog, lossis … lossis, ob qho tib si … thiab - commas yog muab tso thiab nqa ib tug semantic thiab faib lub luag hauj lwm. piv txwv: "Tsis yog ib hnub, tsis yog ob, tsis yog peb mob taub hau."
- Commas ib txwm siv hauv kev tsim kho:
- Ua ntej cov koom haum - ib, thiab kuj, yog (hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm "tab sis"): "Nws sov thiab xis nyob hauv tsev, thiab cua daj cua dub tau tawm sab nraum qhov rais."
- Ua ntej cov lus sib koom - txawm li cas los xij, txawm li cas los xij.
- Thaum ib kab lus koom nrog lwm tus nrog cov lus - qhov twg, mus, qhov twg: "Tsis txhob mus qhov chaw nyob hauv lub siab …".
- Ua ntej nyuaj kev sib koom siab - vim, vim, vim: "Zoo rau menyuam yaus, vim nws dhau mus sai."
Qee lub sij hawm hauv cov koom haum xws li ib qho comma tau muab tso rau hauv nruab nrab, yog li ib feem ntawm nws suav nrog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, thiab qhov thib ob hauv cov lus hauv qab: Niam tsis tso cai rau Lisa saib tas luav txog thaum nws ntxuav lub chav.”
"Like…and" - commas ntawm homogeneous cov tswv cuab ntawm kab lus
Ib lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm commas yog cais cov tswv cuab homogeneous ntawm ib kab lus, uas tej zaum yuav los yog tsis ua ke nrog kev sib txuas. Piv txwv li: "Cherries, cherries, plums loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub vaj" los yog "Cherries, cherries, thiab plums loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub vaj."
- Commas tau muab tso rau ntawm cov tswv cuab sib koom nrog cov koom haum - tab sis, yog, txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias …
- Nrog rau cov koom haum rov ua dua - tsis yog … tsis yog, thiab … thiab, tom qab ntawd … ces, lossis … lossis: "Txawm mus los tsis cuam tshuam, lossis sawv thiab pab!"
- Thaum cov tswv cuab sib koom ua ke nrog cov lus sib koom - tsis ntau … ntau npaum li cas, tsis yog … tab sis kuj, yog tias tsis yog … ces ua li cas … yog li - commas muab tso rau hauv lub unions, thiab tsis yog ua ntej lawv: “Tsis yog thaum tsaus ntuj xwb, tab sis thaum nruab hnub cov me nyuam tsis tawm musmus rau lub vaj."
- Muab ib lo lus rov hais dua uas yog siv los qhia lub sijhawm ua haujlwm: "Zoo, xab npum, tab sis tsis ntxuav."
Thaum twg lwm tus yuav tsum tau siv lub comma?
Cov khoom sib cais xws li commas tau muab tso rau hauv cov khoom siv sib xyaw tsis yog ntawm cov tswv cuab homogeneous xwb.
Commas xav tau rau qhov tseem ceeb:
- Kev sib piv uas pib nrog cov koom haum ua haujlwm zoo li yog tias: "Nws yog hnub kub, zoo li nyob hauv suab puam."
- Qhia meej cov lus uas tau koom nrog cov koomhaum - suav nrog, suav nrog, tshwj tsis yog, raws nraim, ua lwm yam lus.
- Cov lus qhia - tsis muaj kev ntseeg, nws tshwm sim, hmoov zoo, hmoov tsis, txawm li cas los xij, pom tseeb, tej zaum muaj tseeb, hauv ib lo lus thiab lwm yam.
- Requests: "Nyob zoo, Larisa Ivanovna!".
- Interjection – oh, hey, uh, oh, alas…
- Cov lus pov thawj thiab tsis zoo: "Yog, kuv yog tus koj tab tom nrhiav".
Cov ntawv sau ua yuam kev
Qhov yuam kev tseem ceeb hauv cov ntawv cim yog qhov tsis raug tso rau ntawm cov paib, tshwj xeeb, cov cim ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis yog tsuas yog paub txog cov cai siv cov khoom sib cais, tab sis kuj muaj qhov zam rau lawv.
- Feem ntau cov kev tsim "zoo li clockwork", "zoo li mob qog noj ntshav", "zoo li los ntawm lub thoob", uas twb dhau los ua aphorisms, tsis meej pem nrog kev sib piv thiab ua yuam kev ib leeg tawm nrog commas.
- Commas tsis muab tso ua ntej cov koom haum nyiam, dab tsi, nws, qhov twg, yog tias lawv suav nrog hauv cov kab lus - txhua yam txhais tau tias dab ntxwg nyoog paub dab tsi.
- Qee zaum ob lo lus sib law liag hauv ib qhodaim ntawv no raug muab coj los ua cov tswv cuab sib koom ua ke thiab sib cais los ntawm cov kab lus: "Kuv mam li mus coj nws", "Nqa."
- Lawv kuj ua yuam kev hauv ib khub niam txiv - ob leeg … thiab - muab commas ua ntej "yuav ua li cas". Qhov no yog vim hais tias ib tug ob peb union yog perceived raws li ib tug los yog sib piv turnover. Hauv qhov no, lub comma tsuas yog muab tso rau hauv lub koomhaum, uas yog ua ntej lo lus "yog li".
Ua literate
Cov qauv sau ntawv yog ib qho kev kawm uas pib kawm hauv tsev kawm, tab sis nws coj tau txiaj ntsig thoob plaws lub neej. Cov cai rau kev sau commas yog qhov yooj yim heev, yog li txhua tus muaj peev xwm nco tau lawv. Tom qab tag nrho, nws ib txwm yooj yim dua rau tus neeg paub ntawv hauv lub neej!
