Guide - yog dab tsi? Thaum hais lo lus no, peb feem ntau nkag siab tias peb tab tom tham txog ib tus neeg uas mus ncig ua si. Tab sis nws hloov tawm hais tias txhua yam tsis yog li ntawd yooj yim. Lo lus luv luv no muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus uas ntau tus tseem tsis tau paub txog. Yog li cia peb nthuav dav peb lub qab ntug thiab, nrog kev ua siab ntev, ua "kev tshawb xyuas" kom paub cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus qhia no yog dab tsi?
phau ntawv txhais lus txhais li cas?
Yuav kom nkag siab koj tus kheej hauv txhua qhov nuances ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus "qhia", nws raug nquahu kom tig mus rau lawv phau ntawv txhais lus. Muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv ntawm no, ntawm cov hauv qab no:
Ib phau ntawv qhia uas qhia cov neeg ncig tebchaws mus rau qhov pom ntawm thaj chaw tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li: "Nws tau teev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv cog lus rau kev muab kev pab cuam neeg mus ncig tebchaws uas yog hais tias tus neeg muas zaub muaj ib qho kev thov, lawv yuav tsum tau sau nyob rau hauv sau ntawv thiab ntawv pov thawj los ntawm kos npe rau ntawm daim ntawv qhia."
Ib phau ntawv tshwj xeeb, phau ntawv qhia, phau ntawv qhia lossis kev pabcuam uas taw qhia rau txhua qhov chaw hauv zos txaus siab - kev nthuav qhia, tsev cia puav pheej, tsev noj mov Piv txwv: "Yog tias koj xav nrhiav lub tsev noj mov zoo tiag tiag hauv Paris nrog ntau txoj kev xaiv thiab kev pabcuam zoo, mus saib Red Guide Michelin."
Ntawm phau ntawv sau cia thiab astronomers
Ntxiv rau qhov saum toj no, lo lus peb tab tom kawm muaj lwm lub ntsiab lus. Xav txog lawv.
Qee zaum, qhov no yog lub npe ntawm phau ntawv teev npe - cov npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm, xws li cov phau ntawv, cov ntawv hauv ntawv xov xwm thiab cov ntawv xov xwm. Raws li txoj cai, lawv tau koom ua ke los ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb, nruab nrog kev pabcuam indexes uas pab txhawb kev tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv thiab lawv pawg. Piv txwv li: "Raws li lawv lub hom phiaj, phau ntawv qhia cov ntaub ntawv tau muab faib ua cov lus pom zoo, hais rau ntau tus neeg nyeem thiab tsis lees tias ua tiav, thiab kev tshawb fawb, npaj rau cov kws tshaj lij thiab tsom rau kev muab cov npe tag nrho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv."
Nyob rau hauv astronomy, daim ntawv qhia yog lub tsom iav raj, uas yog ib qho kev pabcuam kho qhov muag, uas yog tsau rau ntawm tib lub teeb tsa thiab txuas nrog rau lwm lub koob yees duab loj dua. Nws yog tsim los rau kev taug qab tsis tu ncua ntawm ib qho khoom thiab rau kev taw qhia meej, hu ua guiding. Piv txwv li: "Thaum ua raws li phau ntawv qhia, tus neeg soj ntsuam yuav tsum khaws lub hnub qub siv tau xaiv los ntawm nws ntawm cov lus qhia tus ntoo khaub lig, thaum them nyiaj rau nws txoj kev tawm mus los ntawm kev tig lub koob yees duab vim nws lub ntsiab lossis lub koom haum koom nrog."
Tub rog thiabrailway neeg ua haujlwm
Nyob hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm peb "kev tshawb nrhiav", tau kawm ob peb phau ntawv txhais lus ntxiv, peb kuj pom cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no ntawm "kev qhia":
- Ib tug tub rog uas yog ib feem ntawm cov neeg qhia (hauv Fab Kis, Cov Lus Qhia txhais tau tias "scouts." Cov no yog cov tub rog tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tub rog Belgian nyob rau xyoo 19th thiab 20th. cov khaub ncaws tshwj xeeb, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv tau paub qhov txawv tsuas yog cov pob khawm crimson xwb."
- GID - tus ntawv luv uas qhia txog lub sijhawm ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau ua tiav lawm. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev xa cov kev cai ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau. Piv txwv li: "Nws yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb ciav hlau los tuav cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tshwj xeeb lossis tau txais kev siv tshwj xeeb."
Keeb kwm thiab lus piv txwv
Kev kawm txuas ntxiv ntawm lo lus nug ntawm nws yog dab tsi - phau ntawv qhia, xav txog cov lus uas nyob ze rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus no thiab nws keeb kwm. Lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg:
Synonyms for "guide", siv lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv, yuav yog: phau ntawv qhia, phau ntawv, phau ntawv qhia, bedeker, qhia, kev pabcuam, phau ntawv siv.
Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb etymologists, cov khoom peb tab tom kawm yog los ntawm cov lus Gothic, uas yog cov lus Germanic, lossis zoo dua, rau lawv pawg sab hnub tuaj. Nws yog feem ntau paub los ntawm kev sau ntawvmonuments ntawm 4-6 centuries. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm cov no yog phau Vajlugkub txhais tau tias yog Wulfila, tus npis sov Visigothic. Nws yuav tsum tau tsim cov tsiaj ntawv Gothic.
Hauv hom lus Gothic muaj ib qho lus qhia witan, lub ntsiab lus "saib, ceeb toom". Hauv Italis, cov lus qhia qhia tau tsim los ntawm nws - "ua", los ntawm cov lus Italian noun guida lub ntsiab lus "qhia, qhia". Nws tau qiv rau hauv Fab Kis, qhov twg nws coj daim ntawv qhia hauv tib lub ntsiab lus. Hauv Lavxias, lo lus "qhia" los ntawm Fabkis nyob rau xyoo 19th. Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, cov npe xws li "tus thawj coj" thiab "tus thawj coj" nyob ze rau nws.
Nyob rau hauv xaus ntawm txoj kev kawm ntawm lo lus nug no yog ib qho kev qhia, cia peb xav txog ib co cim qhia ntawm txoj hauj lwm denoted los ntawm lo lus no.
Guide vs ncig saib - dab tsi txawv?
Ntawm ob lo lus no yog siv los ua cov lus ua tiav. Tab sis tseem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv. Raws li txoj cai, cov lus qhia tau nkag siab tias yog ib tus neeg tshwj xeeb hauv kev mus ncig ua si hauv tsev cia puav pheej. Tab sis cov lus qhia yog tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub tuam txhab mus ncig ua si raws li daim ntawv cog lus xaus nrog nws. Nws ua tsis yog ib qho, tab sis ob peb excursions - mus rau monuments, tsev cia puav pheej, thiab lwm yam attractions. Thiab nws kuj nrog ib pab pawg neeg ncig tebchaws, siv sijhawm ntau rau nws, thoob plaws qhov kev ncig xyuas tag nrho.
