Museum - ib lo lus muab los ntawm lat. lub tsev khaws puav pheej, uas txhais tau tias tsuas yog "lub tuam tsev". Qhov no yog ib lub koom haum tshwj xeeb uas sau, kawm, khaws cia thiab ua qauv qhia uas qhia txog qhov xwm txheej, tib neeg lub siab thiab kev tsim kho tshiab. Cov menyuam yaus yog qhov zoo siab txais tos qhua tuaj rau hauv tsev cia puav pheej. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog thaum yau, thaum lub siab ntawm ib tug me nyuam xav paub tag nrho thiab tam sim ntawd nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, thiab nws yog tsim nyog qhia tus me nyuam mus rau kab lis kev cai. Ib qho tshwm sim tsis tau muaj dua los ntawm Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai tuaj yeem hu ua kev tsim cov tsev kawm ntawv cov tsev cia puav pheej tsom tshwj xeeb rau cov tub ntxhais hluas tuaj xyuas. Peb yuav tham txog cov koom haum no hauv kab lus.
Tsev kawm ntawv tsev cia puav pheej: txhais ntawm lub tswvyim
Tsev kawm ntawv tsev cia puav pheej yog ib hom tsev cia puav pheej ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv, sawv cev los ntawm ntau yam profile. Cov tsev kawm ntawv no tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau cov tsev khaws puav pheej thiab pej xeem, nrhiav kev kawm, kev kawm thiab kev paub lub hom phiaj. Tswj los ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm, nkag mus rau hauv qhov systemkev kawm ntawv pej xeem. Feem ntau tus saib xyuas yog lub tsev khaws puav pheej tshwj xeeb hauv xeev.
Tsev kawm ntawv tsev cia puav pheej tau pib nrog cov chav kawm sib tham, qhov chaw uas muaj nyiaj nplua nuj ntawm kev qhia ntawv, herbariums thiab lwm yam khoom sau los ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm - biography, dab neeg, minerals, tsis tshua muaj duab thiab khoom. Qhov tshwm sim tau nthuav tawm sai sai hauv kev qhia kev kawm, dhau los ua ib qho txiaj ntsig ntawm kev qhia thiab qhia cov tub ntxhais hluas.
Cov haujlwm ntawm tsev kawm ntawv tsev cia puav pheej hauv tebchaws Russia tau pib thaum xyoo pua 19th - tom qab ntawd lawv tau tsim los ntawm cov chaw ua si zoo nkauj. Cov theem tom ntej ntawm lawv txoj kev loj hlob - lub nees nkaum ntawm lub xyoo pua XX, thaum lub USSR tau ntsib ib tug boom nyob rau hauv lub creation ntawm lub zos keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej - ntau ntawm lawv tau pib hauv paus tsev kawm ntawv. Kev ua koob tsheej nco txog keeb kwm ntawm Soviet Union nyob rau xyoo 50 thiab 70s kuj tau coj mus rau kev nthuav tawm cov tsev cia puav pheej zoo li no.
Tsev kawm ntawv tsev cia puav pheej yog tsim los ntawm kev pib ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv, cov kawm tiav tsev kawm ntawv, cov tub ntxhais kawm thiab lawv niam lawv txiv, cov thawj coj. Kev tshawb nrhiav, khaws cia, kev kawm thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kev nthuav tawm yog nyob ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm no. Tag nrho cov khoom sau los ntawm lawv dhau los ua ib feem ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Lavxias Federation.
Hnub no muaj txog 4800 lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv peb lub tebchaws, uas:
- keeb kwm - txog 2000;
- tub rog keeb kwm - ib ncig 1400;
- lore lore - 1000;
- lwm cov profile - 300-400.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm tsev kawm ntawv tsev cia puav pheej
Tsev kawm ntawv cov tsev khaws puav pheej ua raws cov hom phiaj hauv qab no hauv lawv cov dej num:
- Txhawb kev txawjkev tshawb fawb hauv cov menyuam kawm ntawv.
- Kev txhawb nqa rau menyuam yaus txoj kev muaj tswv yim.
- Tsim kev hwm rau hauv zos thiab thoob ntiaj teb kab lis kev cai.
- Kev hwm rau yav dhau los.
- Tsim kom muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev khaws cia ntawm keeb kwm muaj nuj nqis.
- Cia siab rau kev khav theeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm lawv Txiv.
- Kev tshwm sim ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm txoj kev nkag siab ntawm yav dhau los ntawm Niam Txiv Me, keeb kwm niaj hnub.
- Txoj kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov tsev kawm kab lis kev cai.
Lub Hom Phiaj Ua Haujlwm
Tsev kawm ntawv tsev cia puav pheej, cov duab uas koj yuav pom thoob plaws hauv kab lus, siv zog los daws cov haujlwm hauv qab no uas tau muab rau lawv:
- Qhia txoj kev zoo siab ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas.
- Qhia tus me nyuam txog keeb kwm ntawm tsev neeg, cheeb tsam, lub teb chaws, thoob ntiaj teb.
- Tau qhov xav tau ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm tshawb fawb los sau lawv tus kheej keeb kwm.
- Kev khaws cia thiab tso saib cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm tseeb thiab cov khoom qub.
- Sau cov menyuam yaus lub sijhawm so nrog kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev tshawb fawb, kawm txog cov khoom sau, npaj thiab saib xyuas cov khoom pov thawj, koom nrog cov rooj sib tham thiab yav tsaus ntuj muaj tswv yim.
- Pab cov tub ntxhais kawm kom nkag siab txog qhov pib ntawm kev tshawb fawb kev ua ub no, tsim kom muaj kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas.
- Kev koom tes rau kev tsim kho thiab nthuav dav ntawm kev paub ntawm cov menyuam yaus, khaws los ntawm lawv los ntawm cov phau ntawv kawm thiab cov xibfwb cov dab neeg.
Cov ntsiab cai ua haujlwm
Ua haujlwm ntawm tsev kawm ntawv tsev cia puav pheejtso siab rau cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:
- Txoj kev sib txuas nrog tsev kawm ntawv cov lus qhia.
- Siv txhua yam kev ua ub no ntxiv: kev sib tham, kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov qub tub rog, cov rooj sib tham, thiab lwm yam.
- Kev koom tes hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tshawb fawb.
- Creative pib ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv.
- kev sib raug zoo.
- Kev suav nyiaj nruj ntawm cov tsev hauv tsev khaws nyiaj, nthuav tawm.
- Kev sib txuas lus tas li nrog lub xeev cov tsev khaws puav pheej.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tsev kawm ntawv tsev cia puav pheej
Hais txog tsev kawm ntawv cov tsev cia puav pheej thiab lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv kev ua haujlwm keeb kwm hauv zos, cia peb kov cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov haujlwm no - cia peb saib seb lub koom haum no qhia tau dab tsi rau menyuam yaus ua pej xeem, tsev neeg thiab zej zog. Yog li, dab tsi ua rau cov tub ntxhais kawm koom nrog hauv cov dej num ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv:
- Qhia txog cov teeb meem thiab kev khav theeb ntawm thaj av ib txwm muaj los ntawm sab hauv - los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev tshawb fawb.
- Kev kawm kev hwm yav dhau los, kab lis kev cai - dhau los ntawm kev paub txog kev ua koob tsheej ntawm poj koob yawm txwv.
- Kev txawj rau kev ua neej nyob ywj pheej - koom nrog kev taug kev, taug kev.
- Tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb - los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav, tshuaj xyuas, kho dua tshiab.
- Kev xyaum ua lub luag haujlwm yav tom ntej - hauv Tsev khaws puav pheej Council tus menyuam tuaj yeem ua tus thawj coj thiab tus thawj coj.
- Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv ncaj qha, tus thawj tswj ntaub ntawv - cov menyuam kawm ntawv sau keeb kwm ntawm lawv cheeb tsam nrog lawv tus kheej txhais tes, sau nyiaj, tsim cov lus nthuav tawm.
- Kevkev paub tseeb - tau sim ua txoj haujlwm tiag tiag, tus tub ntxhais kawm tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb nws puas xav muab nws tus kheej rau thaj chaw no thaum muaj hnub nyoog laus.
Qhov txawv ntawm lub koom haum
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov dej num ntawm tsev kawm ntawv cov tsev khaws puav pheej yog los ntawm qee yam ntawm cov yam ntxwv uas yog tus yam ntxwv nkaus xwb rau lub koom haum no:
- Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej no yog raws li lub hom phiaj kev kawm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv.
- Muaj ib phau ntawm cov khoom qub keeb kwm thiab cov ntaub ntawv.
- Qhia ib qho kev nthuav tawm lossis ntau qhov kev nthuav tawm, qhia meej meej los ntawm cov ncauj lus.
- Muaj cov cuab yeej tsim nyog, qhov chaw rau kev nthuav qhia.
- Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej yog ua haujlwm tas li - cov tub ntxhais kawm nquag uas, raws li kev qhia ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv, ua haujlwm tshawb fawb, ua haujlwm nrog nyiaj txiag, saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb thiab tsim nyog ntawm kev nthuav tawm.
- Koj tuaj yeem ntes cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib koom tes hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib lub koom haum.
- Lub hom phiaj kev kawm thiab kev loj hlob tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev kawm loj thiab kev ua yeeb yam.
Tsev kawm ntawv tsev cia puav pheej yog dab tsi?
Txhua lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj nws tus kheej profile - tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua si, sau cov nyiaj, uas txuas nrog qee yam kev tshawb fawb, kev qhuab qhia, kab lis kev cai, kos duab, kev ua si. Cov pab pawg tseem ceeb muaj raws li hauv qab no:
- historical;
- science;
- artistic;
- theatrical;
- musical;
- technical;
- literary;
- ua liaj ua teb thiab lwm yam
Tsev khaws puav pheej tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nyuaj. Ib qho piv txwv zoo tshaj yog keeb kwm hauv zos. Cov me nyuam kawm ob qho tib si xwm thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm lawv cheeb tsam, nroog, cheeb tsam tag nrho. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias cov tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm ib qho profile tsuas yog tsom rau qee qhov tshwm sim hauv lawv daim teb. Lub tsev khaws ntaub ntawv keeb kwm tsuas tuaj yeem kawm keeb kwm ntawm ib lub nroog lossis tsev kawm ntawv, lub tsev khaws ntaub ntawv nyeem tsuas tuaj yeem kawm txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws sau ntawv tsis paub, lub tsev khaws khoom suab paj nruag tsuas tuaj yeem kawm ditties ntawm ib pawg haiv neeg, thiab lwm yam.
Hais txog dab tsi hauv tsev kawm ntawv tsev cia puav pheej, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem tsis hais txog cov monographic - mob siab rau ib qho khoom tshwj xeeb, tus neeg, kev tshwm sim. Qhov no suav nrog cov tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm samovar, cov phau ntawv, Xyoo Tshiab, thiab lwm yam. Lub tsev kawm ntawv cov tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm kev ua tub rog muaj koob meej, cov duab uas koj yuav pom hauv kab lus, kuj yog monographic. Tej zaum lawv yuav mob siab rau cov neeg ua haujlwm pem hauv ntej, tuav lub Order of Glory, thiab lwm yam. Qhov no tseem suav nrog kev nco txog (vaj tse-tsev cia puav pheej, tsev-tsev cia puav pheej) thiab keeb kwm thiab biography (mob rau lub neej ntawm ib tug neeg) tsev cia puav pheej.
Nyiaj txiag ntawm tsev cia puav pheej ntawm tsev kawm ntawv
Raws li hauv tsev cia puav pheej ntawm lub tebchaws tseem ceeb, cov nyiaj ntawm tsev kawm ntawv tsev cia puav pheej tau muab faib ua ob yam:
- Main: cov khoom hauv tsev cia puav pheej uas sib haum rau qhov profile ntawm lub koom haum.
- Cov khoom siv pabcuam: luam tawm cov khoom qub (cov ntawv theej, dummies, duab, casts, thiab lwm yam) thiab cov khoom siv pom (daim duab, daim ntawv tshaj tawm, daim duab duab, rooj, thiab lwm yam)
Cov nyiaj yuav suav nrog:
- tools;
- khoom, khoom tiav lawm;
- numismatics;
- riam phom, cov cim ntawm kev ua tub rog muaj koob meej;
- khoom vaj khoom tsev;
- cov peev txheej duab - ua haujlwm ntawm kev kos duab thiab tsis yog ntawv tseeb;
- sau qhov chaw - memoirs, ntawv, phau ntawv, periodicals;
- media tsev qiv ntawv - phau ntawv, yeeb yaj kiab, suab paj nruag lub tsev qiv ntawv consonant nrog profile;
- tsev neeg rarities thiab qub txeeg qub teg, thiab lwm yam
About the exposition of the museum at the school
Lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov nthuav tawm yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txhua lub tsev khaws puav pheej. Cov khoom pov thawj uas qhia txog qee yam khoom lossis qhov tshwm sim tau muab tso ua ke rau hauv qhov kev nthuav qhia thematic-exposition complex, tom kawg ua ntu, uas, dhau los, sawv cev rau tag nrho cov lus nthuav tawm.
Yeej, thaum sau cov lus nthuav tawm, cov ntsiab lus keeb kwm thiab keeb kwm yog siv - txhua feem ntawm nws ua ntu zus qhia txog qhov xwm txheej, khoom thiab qhov tshwm sim. Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim kev nthuav tawm los ntawm kev sau nyiaj:
- systematic;
- thematic;
- ncig.
Tsev kawm ntawv tsev cia puav pheej yog ib qho tshwj xeeb thiab tshwj xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem kev kawm thiab kev kawm. Nws muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li cov hom phiaj, daws cov hauj lwm uas kev kawm zoo tib yam tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog ib leeg.
