Piav cov lus ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, linguists siv cov ntsiab lus sib txawv. Cov lus tau muab tso ua ke rau hauv pawg raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm thaj chaw (ib cheeb tsam), raws li qhov sib thooj ntawm cov qauv grammatical, raws li kev hais lus tseem ceeb, siv hauv kev hais lus txhua hnub.
Siv cov txheej txheem kawg, cov kws tshawb fawb faib txhua hom lus hauv ntiaj teb ua ob pawg loj - cov lus nyob thiab cov lus tuag ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm yav dhau los yog lawv siv nyob rau hauv niaj hnub colloquial hais lus, xyaum lus los ntawm ib tug kuj loj zej zog ntawm cov neeg (cov neeg). Cov lus nyob yog siv tas li hauv kev sib txuas lus txhua hnub, hloov pauv, ua kom nyuaj lossis yooj yim dua nyob rau lub sijhawm.
Qhov kev hloov pauv pom pom tshwm sim hauv cov lus (cov lus hais) ntawm cov lus: qee cov lus tau dhau los lawm, tau txais cov xim qub, thiab, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, ntau thiab ntau cov lus tshiab (neologisms) tshwm sim los qhia txog cov ntsiab lus tshiab. Lwm yam lus systems (morphological, phonetic, syntactic) yog inert ntau, hloov maj mam thiab tsis pom.
Ib lus tuag, tsis zoo li ib tug nyob, tsis siv nyob rau hauv niaj hnubkev xyaum lus. Tag nrho nws cov tshuab yog hloov tsis tau, lawv tau txais kev txuag, tsis hloov pauv. Cov lus tuag, raug ntes nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawv sau.
Txhua yam lus tuag tau muab faib ua ob pawg loj: thawj zaug, cov uas tau ib zaug, yav dhau los nyob deb, siv rau kev sib txuas lus nyob thiab tom qab, rau ntau yam, txwv tsis pub siv hauv tib neeg kev sib txuas lus (Latin, Greek, Coptic, Laus Icelandic, Gothic). Pawg thib ob ntawm cov lus tuag yog cov uas tsis muaj leej twg tau hais; lawv tau tsim tshwj xeeb los ua qee yam haujlwm (piv txwv li, Lub Koom Txoos Qub Slavonic lus tau tshwm sim - cov lus ntawm Christian liturgical ntawv). Ib hom lus tuag feem ntau yog hloov pauv mus rau qee qhov nyob, siv ib qho (piv txwv li, Greek thaum ub tau muab txoj hauv kev rau cov lus niaj hnub thiab cov lus ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws).
Latin muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov so. Tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg, Latin yog hom lus tuag: nws tsis tau siv rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua txij thaum txog xyoo pua AD.
Tab sis, ntawm qhov tod tes, Latin tau pom cov ntawv thov dav tshaj plaws hauv tshuaj, tshuaj, cov lus siv tshawb fawb, Catholic pe hawm (Latin yog lus "xeev" lus ntawm Vaj Qhia thiab Lub Xeev Vatican). Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, "tuag" Latin tau nquag siv hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub neej, kev tshawb fawb, thiab kev paub. Txhua lub tsev kawm philological loj ntawm kev kawm qib siab yuav tsum suav nrog Latin hauv chav kawm,yog li khaws cia cov kev cai ntawm classical liberal arts kev kawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov lus tuag no yog lub hauv paus ntawm luv luv thiab capacious aphorisms uas tau dhau los ntawm ntau pua xyoo: yog tias koj xav tau kev thaj yeeb, npaj rau kev ua tsov ua rog; nco txog Mori; kws kho mob, kho koj tus kheej - tag nrho cov kab lus no "los" los ntawm Latin. Latin yog ib hom lus zoo thiab sib haum xeeb, cam, tsis muaj frills thiab hais lus husks; Nws tsis yog tsuas yog siv rau cov hom phiaj siv hluav taws xob (sau ntawv qhia zaub mov, tsim cov thesaurus tshawb fawb), tab sis kuj yog, rau qee qhov, qauv, qauv lus.
