Cov qauv sau ntawv ntawm hom lus txawv teb chaws ib txwm zoo li ib yam dab tsi nyuaj thiab tsis nkag siab. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau cov neeg uas kawm lus Askiv tau ntsib teeb meem ntawm kev siv cov infinitive thiab gerund.
Thaum twg koj yuav tsum siv ib lossis lwm qhov? Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm gerund thiab infinitive hauv lus Askiv? Ib lub rooj nrog cov lus thiab cov qauv sau ntawv tsis tuaj yeem pab tau. Hmoov tsis, tsis muaj txoj cai hauv av meej. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom cov lus qhia tsim nyog.
Gerund for beginners
hom qauv no yog dab tsi, koj nug? Lub gerund yog ib daim ntawv zoo li lub npe ntawm cov lus qhia uas yog tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv qhov xaus -ing. Piv txwv li, lo lus nyeem hauv gerund yuav zoo li nyeem ntawv. Daim ntawv ntawm cov lus qhia no tuaj yeem ua raws li cov ntsiab lus lossis cov khoom hauv kab lus.
Piv txwv:
- Nyeem pab koj kawm - kev kawm.
- Nws nyiam nyeem ntawv - ntxiv.
Daim ntawv qhia lus no tuaj yeem ua rau daim ntawv tsis zoo, yog tias koj ntxiv rau nwstsis yog.
Qee cov lus qhia yuav tsum muaj gerund tom qab siv (saib hauv qab no kom tiav cov npe ntawm cov lus qhia no).
Piv txwv:
Nws hais kom noj tom khw
Nancy pheej yws yws txog nws qhov teeb meem
Infinitive rau beginners
Tus infinitive yog thawj daim ntawv ntawm cov lus qhia nrog cov lus ntxiv. Yog li lo lus kawm nyob rau hauv lub infinitive yuav zoo li kawm.
Zoo li cov gerund, qhov infinitive tuaj yeem ua raws li kev kawm lossis khoom siv.
Piv txwv:
- Kev kawm yog ib qho tseem ceeb - subject
- Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj yog kawm - ntxiv
Tus infinitive kuj tuaj yeem ua daim ntawv tsis zoo thaum ntxiv cov khoom tsis yog.
Raws li cov lus ntawm gerund, tom qab ib pawg ntawm cov lus qhia, thawj daim ntawv ntawm cov lus qhia yuav tsum muab tso rau (saib cov npe tag nrho hauv qab no).
Piv txwv:
- Nws xav mus xyuas nws pog.
- Lucy yuav tsum txias.
Thaum twg xaiv qhov no lossis qhov tsim?
Ob lub infinitive thiab gerund tuaj yeem siv los ua cov ntsiab lus lossis khoom siv hauv kab lus Askiv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov thib ob hauv qhov no zoo li hais lus Askiv tsis tu ncua. Qhov infinitive, ntawm qhov tod tes, zoo li tsis meej pem.
Ntawd yog, gerund suab zoo dua thiab muaj ntau dua hauv kev hais lus. Lub infinitive, ntawm qhov tod tes, hais txog qhov ua tau lossis muaj peev xwm ntawm qee yam thiab suab zoo liphilosophically. Yog tias qhov kev piav qhia no tsis meej pem rau koj, tsuas yog nco ntsoov tias hauv 90% ntawm cov neeg mob gerund ua raws li cov ntsiab lus thiab cov khoom hauv kab lus.
Piv txwv:
- Kev kawm yog ib qho tseem ceeb.
- Kev kawm yog ib qho tseem ceeb.
- Qhov tseem ceeb yog kev kawm.
- Qhov tseem ceeb yog kawm.
Nws tuaj yeem nyuaj rau paub seb puas yuav xaiv daim ntawv -ing lossis qhov infinitive raws li qhov kev kawm. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, ob qho tib si tsim tsis muaj kev sib tshuam. Feem ntau tus predicate txiav txim seb yuav tsum tau ua dab tsi hauv kab lus.
Piv txwv:
- Nws nyiam hu nkauj.
- Nws xav hu nkauj.
Txaus siab xav tau gerund tom qab nws tus kheej, thiab xav tau qhov tsis muaj kawg.
Rau cov tub ntxhais kawm siab dua
Tam sim no nws yog lub sijhawm txav mus rau cov xwm txheej nyuaj uas koj xav tau gerund thiab infinitive ua lus Askiv. Cov lus piav qhia hauv qab no yuav pab koj txheeb xyuas nws.
| Gerund | Infinitive |
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Feem ntau siv nrog cov lus muaj npe thiab cov ntawv lo lus. Yog li, tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm qhov kev txiav txim tau meej:
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Tom qab qee cov lus qhia, koj yuav tsum siv cov npe ua ke. + thawj daim ntawv ntawm cov lus qhia. Qee lub sij hawm nws yog xaiv tau, lwm zaus nws tsis tsim nyog yam tsis muaj lub npe:
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Tom qab qee cov npe ntawm cov lus qhia, koj xav tau gerund, tab sis koj tuaj yeem tso npe + infinitive. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thib ob, tus neeg kawm ua qhov kev txiav txim feem ntau hloov pauv:
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Tam sim no koj yuav tsum ua kom pom tseeb ntawm kev siv gerund thiab infinitive hauv lus Askiv. Cov lus piv txwv tsuas yog qhia cov xwm txheej tshwm sim.
Cov piv txwv tshwj xeeb ntawm daim ntawv -ing
Thaum piav txog kev ua kis las, kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv qab no feem ntau siv: mus + v-ing:
Kuv mus jogging txhua tag kis
daim ntawv no kuj siv tom qab prepositions. Txhua lo lus yog qhov nyuaj rau nco ntsoov, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb yog tsis txhob hnov qab "verb + preposition" qauv. Feem ntau nws yog nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no uas gerund los tom ntej.
Piv txwv:
- Kuv tus tij laug ua rau tsis nco qab kuv lub hnub yug.
- Nws tab tom xav mus txawv tebchaws.
Thaum "adjective/noun + preposition" gerund yuav tsum siv. Yog tias koj tsis paub cov npe ntawm cov qauv no - tsis txhob txhawj. Tsuas yog nco ntsoov tias tom qab lub preposition los ntawm gerund:
- Nws ntshai pw hauv qhov tsaus ntuj - adjective + preposition.
- Nwskev ntshaw los ua ib tug neeg ua yeeb yam tau paub zoo - noun + preposition.
Cov ntaub ntawv siv ntau dua
Qee zaum ob lub gerund thiab infinitive siv tau, tab sis lub ntsiab lus ntawm txhua qhov sib txawv yuav txawv:
- Lucy nco ntsoov sau qhov chaw nyob. - Lucy muaj kev nco txog sau qhov chaw nyob.
- Scott nco ntsoov nqa lub kaus nrog nws. - Scott tsis txhob hnov qab nqa lub kaus.
Qee zaum qhov infinitive thiab gerund hauv lus Askiv tom qab verbs tuaj yeem muaj qhov txawv me ntsis hauv kev txhais lus:
- Nws nyiam seev cev. - Nws nyiam seev cev.
- Nws nyiam ua las voos. - Nws nyiam ua las voos.
Txawm hais tias qhov tshwm sim no yuav luag zoo ib yam hauv lub ntsiab lus, tseem muaj qhov sib txawv. Lub gerund qhia tias koj tab tom tham txog kev ua tiag tiag thiab kev paub dhau los. Qhov infinitive, ntawm qhov tod tes, qhia tias koj tab tom tham txog lub peev xwm lossis lub sijhawm. Nws yog qhov tseeb vim qhov sib txawv me me hauv lub ntsiab lus tias nws tsis yog ib txwm muaj peev xwm hloov cov gerund thiab infinitive hauv lus Askiv. Rooj - pab! Hu rau nws kom pab! Nws muaj cov piv txwv hauv qab no:
Ntau ntau + cov lus qhia ua ke yog siv ua ntej infinitive:
- Nws yogntxhov siab los pib.
- Nws zoo siab tau txais cov lus thuam zoo li no.
Tseem muaj cov npe tom qab uas feem ntau siv:
- Nws yog qhov kev txiav txim siab zoo pib dua.
- Hana txoj kev xav ua haujlwm ua rau kuv xav tsis thoob.
Qee yam lus ua ntej lub gerund
Muaj ib daim ntawv teev lus sib cais rau txhua rooj plaub. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qee zaum koj tuaj yeem hloov pauv ntawm gerund thiab infinitive hauv lus Askiv. Lub rooj muaj cov lus uas haum rau ib qho thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, ceev faj. Qee lub sij hawm lub ntsiab lus tsis hloov nrog xws li kev hloov, hauv lwm qhov kev siv ntawm ib daim ntawv lossis lwm qhov tuaj yeem hloov pauv cov lus txhais ntawm kab lus tag nrho. Tsis tas li ntawd nco ntsoov tias nws tsis yog ib txwm tsim nyog los txhais cov lus nyob rau hauv daim ntawv -ing ua lus Lavxias ua tus npe. Nrhiav qhov sib npaug uas tsim nyog rau peb cov lus hauv kab lus uas siv cov gerund thiab infinitive ua lus Askiv. Lub rooj txhais lus uas koj pom hauv qab no teev cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.
| admit |
Nws lees tias tsis yog. Nws lees tias nws tsis raug. |
| advise |
Tus kws lij choj qhia kom nyob twj ywm ib pliag. Tus kws lij choj tau hais kom nyob ntsiag to ib ntus. |
| allow |
Lub bar no tsis pub haus luam yeeb. Lub bar no tsis haus luam yeeb. |
| kev cia siab |
Kuv xav tias yuav mus rau qhov concert. Kuv tos ntsoov mus rau qhov concert. |
| Nws yog tus hlub rau kuv tias nws txhawj txog kuv. | |
| avoid |
Nws zam kev teeb meem. Nws tau tawm ntawm qhov teeb meem. |
| pib |
Kuv pib kawm chemistry. Kuv pib kawm chemistry. |
| pab tsis tau |
Nws pab tsis tau kev txhawj xeeb txog kev xeem. Nws tsis tuaj yeem txhawj txog kev xeem. |
| tsis tuaj yeem |
Nws sawv tsis taus nws qw tsis muaj dab tsi. Nws sawv tsis taus thaum nws qw tsis muaj laj thawj. |
| ua tiav |
Angy ua tiav sau nws cov dab neeg. Angie tiav sau nws cov dab neeg. |
| xav txog |
Nws txiav txim siab lees txais qhov kev thov. Nws txiav txim siab lees txais qhov kev thov. |
| txuas ntxiv |
Nws tseem cia siab. Nws cia siab. |
| delay |
Sarah ncua kev thov rau txoj haujlwm. Sarah ncua kev thov rau txoj haujlwm. |
| deny |
Nws tsis lees yuav txiv. Nws tsis lees yuav nws txoj kev sib yuav. |
| discuss |
Lawv sib tham mus rau tog. Lawv sib tham mus rau tog. |
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Peb tsis xav muab chaw nyob rau koj. Peb tsis xav coj koj mus. |
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Kuv nyiam snowboarding. Kuv nyiam snowboarding. |
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| tsis txhob |
Nws tsis nco qab qhia koj qhov chaw nyob. Nws tsis nco qab qhia koj qhov chaw nyob. |
| hlub |
Kuv ntxub saib TV-show. Kuv ntxub saib TV. |
| xav |
Nws xav txog kev sib tham tus ntxhais ntawd. Nws xav txog kev sib tham tus ntxhais ntawd. |
| keep |
Kuv piav qhia qhov teeb meem. Kuv puas tau piav ntxiv? teeb meem dab tsi. |
| Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws. |
Peb nyiam ua luam dej. Peb nyiam ua luam dej. |
| mention |
Nws hais dhau qhov kev xeem. Nws hais tias nws xeem dhau. |
| miss |
Nws tsis mus nuv ntses nrog nws txiv. Nws nco mus nuv ntses nrog nws txiv. |
| need |
tus miv xav tau noj. Civ yuav tsum tau pub. |
| xyaum |
Nws xyaum ntaus piano. Nws xyaum ntaus piano. |
| prefer |
Nws nyiam noj hauv tsev. Nws nyiam noj tom tsev. |
| tawm |
Nws txiav luam yeeb lub lim tiam dhau los. Nws txiav luam yeeb lub lim tiam dhau los. |
| recommend |
Kuv xav kom caij tsheb npav. Kuv pom zoo kom caij npav. |
| reret |
Nws tu siab nrog nws sib ntaus. Nws tu siab nrog nws sib cav. |
| remember |
Judy nco qab muab tus yuam sij rau hauv nws lub hnab ris. Judy nco ntsoov muab nws tus yuam sij tso rau hauv nws lub hnab ris. |
| risk |
Nws pheej hmoo poob nws lub koob npe nrov. Nws pheej hmoo poob nws lub koob npe nrov. |
| start |
Nws pib kawm Japanese. Nws pib kawm Japanese. |
| stop |
Lub moos nres ua haujlwm hnub dhau los. Lub moos nres ua haujlwm ob peb hnub dhau los. |
| suggest |
Mary suggested staring anew. Mary suggested pib dua. |
| try |
Kuv sim khob qhov rooj. Kuv sim khob qhov rooj. |
| nkag siab |
Peb nkag siab nws tawm. Peb nkag siab vim li cas nws tawm. |
Lub rooj puas pab kom nkag siab cov cai rau gerund thiab infinitive hauv lus Askiv? Koj tuaj yeem nqa daim duab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm tom tsev kawm ntawv.
Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev no cov ntaub ntawv tsis nco qab, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los sau rau hauv phau ntawv los ntawm tes.
Thaum twg yog lub sijhawm zoo tshaj los siv daim ntawv pib?
Ntawm cov lus no, kuj tseem tuaj yeem muaj gerund thiab infinitive hauv lus Askiv. Cov lus qhia tsis yog txwv rau daim ntawv teev npe no, tsuas yog cov ntawv luv luv tau nthuav tawm ntawm no.
| Agree |
Kuv pom zoo qhia txoj kev. Kuv pom zoo qhia txoj kev. |
| nug |
Nws thov kom tau txais kev pab. Nws thov kev pab. |
| pib |
Nws pib qhia zaj dab neeg. Nws pib qhia zaj dab neeg. |
| tsis tuaj yeem |
Igrit tsis tuaj yeem sawv hauv tsev ib leeg. Igrit ntxub nyob hauv tsev ib leeg. |
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Nws mob siab hu rau txhua hnub. Nws hu tau txhua hnub. |
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| choose |
Peb xaiv nyob. Peb txiav txim siab nyob. |
| txuas ntxiv |
Nws hais ntxiv. Nws hais ntxiv. |
| decide |
Nws txiav txim siab tawm tswv yim rau nws. Nws txiav txim siab tawm tswv yim rau nws. |
| xav |
Lawv cia siab tias yuav tuaj txog ntxov. Lawv xav tias yuav tuaj txog ntxov. |
| tsis txhob |
Nws ib txwm tsis nco qab nqa nws cov ntawv ua tom tsev. Nws ib txwm tsis nco qab nqa ua tom tsev. |
| happen |
Helen tshwm sim ntawm lub txhab nyiaj thaum nws raug nyiag. Elena yuam kev ntawm lub txhab nyiaj thaum nws raug nyiag. |
| hlub |
Nws ntxub mus rau lub caij ntuj sov camp. Nws ntxub mus camp lub caij ntuj sov. |
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Sonya tsis kam qhia kuv qhov teeb meem. Sonya tsis kam qhia kuv qhov teeb meem yog dab tsi. |
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| vam |
Peb vam tias yuav kawm tiav xyoo no. Peb vam tias yuav tso tawm xyoo no. |
| kawm |
Nws kawm hu nkauj hauv tsev kawm suab paj nruag. Nws kawm hu nkauj hauv tsev kawm suab paj nruag. |
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Jessica nyiam ua las voos. Jessica nyiam ua las voos. |
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| manage |
Nws tau xeem dhau. Nws xeem dhau. |
| need |
Koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm ntau ntxiv. Koj yuav tsum tau tawm dag zog ntxiv. |
|
Jack muab rau peb nqa nqa tsev. Jack muab tsav peb mus tsev. |
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| plan |
Kuv npaj yuav mus txawv tebchaws lub caij ntuj sov no. Kuv npaj yuav mus txawv tebchaws lub caij ntuj sov no. |
| prefer |
Nws nyiam mloog ntau dua li hais. Nws nyiam mloog ntau dua li hais. |
| pretend |
Anna ua txuj xav txog nws. Anna ua txuj xav txog nws. |
| promise |
Nws cog lus tias yuav rov qab los. Nws cog lus tias yuav rov qab los. |
| refuse |
Tus neeg phem tsis kam lees nws qhov txhaum. Tus neeg ua txhaum tsis kam lees paub nws qhov txhaum. |
| reret |
Peb tu siab hais tias koj tsab ntawv poob lawm. Zoo siab thov qhia koj tias koj tsab ntawv tau ploj lawm. |
| start |
Joane pib khiav ceev heev. Janna pib khiav ceev heev. |
| hem |
Nws hem kom hu tub ceev xwm. Nws hem kom hu tub ceev xwm. |
| try |
Hiyori sim tham nrog tus neeg saib xyuas. Hiyori sim tham nrog tus neeg saib xyuas. |
| Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws. |
Kuv xav mus ncig thoob ntiaj teb. Kuv xav mus ncig ntiaj teb. |
Dab tsi yog gerunds thiab infinitives hauv lus Askiv? Lub rooj lus qhia yuav pab txawm tias tus pib nkag siab txog kev tsim kho.
Tau kawg, ntawm no tsuas yog cov lus qhia tseem ceeb xwb, tab sis lawv yuav txaus rau koj thawj zaug.
