Tseeb txhua leej txhua tus tau hla lo lus "tuag". Tab sis tsis yog txhua tus paub tias lo lus no muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus. Piv txwv li, qhov no yog lub npe ntawm qee lub zos thiab lub zos nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Russia thiab Ukraine. Nws kuj yog ib tug tub rog abbreviation. Lub trench yog dab tsi? Qhov teeb meem no yuav raug tham kom ntxaws hauv kab lus.
Lo lus hauv phau ntawv txhais lus
Ua ntej peb pib kawm seb lub trench yog dab tsi, cia peb tig mus rau phau ntawv txhais lus piav qhia, uas muab cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:
- Ib qho tob tob hauv av (av), muaj qhov tob, dav thiab ntev. Tsim los tiv thaiv cov tub rog ntawm kev raug ntaus los ntawm rab phom thiab phom. Nws kuj tseem ua lub fortification uas koj tuaj yeem rov qab tua cov yeeb ncuab pab tub rog. Muaj ntau ntau yam thiab hom ntawm cov qauv no.
- Cov ntawv luv "OKOP" sawv cev rau: Kev tshem tawm cov nkoj thauj hluav taws. Cov no yog ib ntus disbanded warships nrog missile thiab artillery riam phom nyob rau hauv lub nkoj, uas yog npaj los pab txhawb av rog.
- Npe ntawm kev sib hais haum (lub zos, zos thiab lub zos) nyob rau hauv Russia thiab Ukraine.
Raws li los ntawmkev piav qhia ntawm phau ntawv txhais lus, lo lus "trench" muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub npe hu ua tub rog fortification. Cia peb saib ze ze ntawm tus nqi no.
keeb kwm keeb kwm
Dab tsi yog trench, peb hais saum toj no. Yog hais tias lub sij hawm siv los ua tub rog fortification, nws yuav tsum tau piav qhia tag nrho nws cov yam ntxwv. Cov trenches tau muab faib ua phom thiab phom loj. Thawj thawj zaug xws li fortifications, tsim los ntawm tub rog engineers thiab pom zoo los ntawm commanders, tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm lub Crimean tsov rog ntawm 1854-1855 (thaum lub sij hawm tiv thaiv ntawm Sevastopol). Tus thawj coj ntawm kev siv cov qauv no yog engineer-general E. Totleben.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm Linnemann infantry shovel nyob rau hauv 1872 thiab nws cov lus qhia rau hauv lub arsenal ntawm fighters nyob rau hauv feem ntau pab tub rog ntawm lub ntiaj teb no coj mus rau lub fact tias trench pib siv nyob rau hauv txhua qhov chaw thaum muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua.
Thaum lub sijhawm Russo-Japanese Tsov Rog ntawm 1904-1905, nws tau dhau los ua qhov pom tseeb tshaj plaws tias lub fortifications siab rau artillery thiab tua, uas tau siv ua ntej, yog qhov pom tau zoo heev thiab tsis ua raws li cov xwm txheej niaj hnub ntawm kev ua tsov rog nyob rau hauv qhov dav. hom ntawv. Hauv qhov no, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm trench tau nce ntau thiab ua rau nws tsuas yog siv tau rau kev tiv thaiv.
siv ntau
Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom hauv nqe lus nug yog tias lawv tiv thaiv cov tub rog zoo thiab tsis tshua pom. Thaum Lub Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib ib, lub npe hu ua tag nrho cov trenchs tau dhau los ua hom tseem ceeb. Ua tsaug rau lawv cov yam ntxwv, lawv tso cai rau koj los cawm ntau tus tub rog txoj sia.
Qhov kev paub ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj tau pom tias qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog hom uas tso cai rau kev tua hluav taws hauv qab ntawm qhov kwj deg, thiab txav mus rau hauv nws yam tsis muaj kev phom sij. Muab piv rau cov ntaub ntawv tag nrho, nws tau muab zais ntau dua thiab tiv thaiv los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab dav hlau, phom loj thiab tso tsheb hlau luam.
Type
Txuas ntxiv los txiav txim siab seb lub trench txhais li cas, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau kawm lawv hom. Lawv raug faib raws li riam phom siv nyob rau hauv lawv. Feem ntau yog cov caj npab me me, uas yog npaj los ua kom haum cov tub rog infantry thiab hluav taws los ntawm yuav luag txhua hom me me.
Muaj lwm hom kev tiv thaiv hu ua "machine gun zes". Nws kuj yog npaj rau kev tua los ntawm cov phom, tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov riam me me. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias txhawm rau txhim kho rab phom tshuab, qhov chaw tshwj xeeb yog khawb (feem ntau nws yog ua square), nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm lub ntsiab trench.
Lub trench rau qhov chaw tua neeg siv phom tiv thaiv tank zoo ib yam li hom "tshuab phom zes". Qhov txawv yog tias thawj tus ua kom nqaim ntau.
Lwm hom
Cov phom loj trench yog tsim los ua kom haum cov phom loj, cov phom sij, thiab phom phom. Yav tas los, lawv tau muab faib ua "phom" thiab "mortar", tam sim no muaj lub npe dav dav. Fortifications rau mortars muaj tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus raws li "machine phom zes". trenches raucannons thiab lwm yam riam phom zoo sib xws txawv ntawm lawv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog qhov muaj qhov loj ntawm lub hauv ntej parapet (mound). Qhov seem seem yog tib neeg nkaus xwb thiab raug soj ntsuam xyuas qhov ntev ntawm ib qho riam phom tshwj xeeb.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov trenches tau muab faib raws li hom kev tsim kho (beam-barreled thiab unbeamed). Raws li tau hais ua ntej, parapet yog ib qho embankment uas nyob rau pem hauv ntej los yog tom qab lub fortification. Nws yog npaj rau kev tiv thaiv zoo dua ntawm cov tub rog, riam phom, nrog rau kom yooj yim tua.
Lub parapet yog ib hom kev tsim ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, thiab hauv cov fortifications lawv tus kheej nws kuj yog ib qho kev thaiv ntxiv rau cov yeeb ncuab pab tub rog thaum muaj kev tawm tsam.
Peb tau saib seb lub trench yog qhov kev tiv thaiv. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias nws tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tub rog thiab hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Cov tsos ntawm trenches radically hloov cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua tsov rog nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua tsov ua rog, txo qhov poob ntawm manpower.
