Lub cim ntawm sab qab teb hemisphere - lub hnub qub ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig Southern

Cov txheej txheem:

Lub cim ntawm sab qab teb hemisphere - lub hnub qub ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig Southern
Lub cim ntawm sab qab teb hemisphere - lub hnub qub ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig Southern
Anonim

Lub hnub qub hla yav qab teb, raws li nws lub npe qhia, muaj rau cov neeg nyob hauv qab ib nrab ntawm peb lub ntiaj teb. Koj yuav tsis pom nws los ntawm thaj chaw Russia. Txawm li cas los xij, lub npe ntawm pawg hnub qub no paub rau ntau tus neeg "sab qaum teb" hauv cov ntaub ntawv, nws tau hais los ntawm kev mus ncig zoo nkauj Jules Verne thiab epic Dante. Ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg, ntau tus neeg paub lub hnub qub ntawm Southern Cross los ntawm Australian chij, qhov chaw uas nws cim lub xeev Victoria.

constellation Southern Cross
constellation Southern Cross

Ntiaj teb keeb kwm ntawm lub ntuj ceeb tsheej phenomenon

Cia peb pib nrog qhov tseeb hais tias lub hnub qub ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig yav qab teb tseem hluas heev. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, nws tseem tsis tau muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv uas peb pom tam sim no, tsis tau txais lub npe thiab, raws li, tsis tau mythologized.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg Loos nkag siab lub hnub qub ntawm Southern Cross li asterism, uas yog, ib pawg ntawm cov hnub qub, uas lawv hu ua lub zwm txwv ntawm Huab tais. Ntawd yog, peb tuaj yeem hais tias lub ntiaj teb keeb kwm ntawm pawg luminaries nopib ua ntej pab pawg tau txais nws lub npe niaj hnub. Arab Ancient Arab astronomers kuj paub lub hnub qub pawg ntawm qhov chaw uas lub constellation ntawm Southern Cross nyob tam sim no, txawm tias lawv hu nws txawv.

Australians uas muaj "dawb nkag" rau lub hnub qub muaj lawv tus kheej lus dab neeg. Nyob rau hauv lawv lub tswv yim, tus ntoo khaub lig yog ob tug cockatoos caum los ntawm ib tug phem dab (nws lub luag hauj lwm yog ua si los ntawm lub Coal Sack, uas yog heev cim, vim hais tias nyob qhov twg koj yuav muab tau cov khoom nyiag lawm).

nyob rau hauv lub constellation ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig yav qab teb
nyob rau hauv lub constellation ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig yav qab teb

Cov Hnub Nyoog Tebchaws Europe tau tsim cov lus dab neeg zoo nkauj cuam tshuam nrog kev poob ntawm thawj cov neeg. Nws tau ntseeg tias Adas thiab Eva lub kua muag tau saib qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm Ntoo Khaublig Qab Teb, uas tau rau txim rau peb cov yawg koob. Txij thaum ntawd los, lawv hais tias, lub hnub qub no tau nkag tsis tau rau lub qhov muag ntawm cov neeg nyob sab qaum teb hemisphere.

Txog rau thaum xyoo pua 17th, pawg no tsis tau muab cais ua ib pawg hnub qub, nws cov hnub qub tau suav tias yog ib feem ntawm Centaurus constellation. Raws li ntau qhov chaw, Bayer "tso tawm" Southern Cross (qhov no nws tshwm sim hauv 1603), lossis Frenchman Royer (tom qab ntawd nws tshwm sim peb lub hlis twg ntawm ib puas xyoo tom qab, hauv 1679).

Lub npe paub tau tshwm sim vim yog kev caij nkoj Magellanic thoob plaws ntiaj teb, tab sis thaum kawg nws tau kho tsuas yog nyob rau xyoo pua 18th. Lub hom phiaj ntawm muab plaub hnub qub lub npe "South" yog kom paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv lub hnub qub Cygnus, uas nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawd kuj hu ua tus ntoo khaub lig.

Constellation sizes

Vim qhov kev sib nyiam sib hlub heev ntawm Southern Cross, cov neeg nyob deb ntawm astronomy ntseeg tias qhov no yog lub hnub qub loj thiab ci ntsa iab. Txawm li cas los xij, raurau ib tug neeg uas tsis muaj riam phom nrog lub koob yees duab, lub hnub qub pawg no zoo li ua ke ntawm plaub lub luminaries, tiag tiag depicting tus ntoo khaub lig beveled me ntsis. Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias tag nrho cov hnub qub suav nrog hauv lub hnub qub yog qhov tsaus nti, thiab qhov muag liab qab tsis tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv. Qhov tseeb, Southern Cross yog ib lub hnub qub (daim duab qhia qhov no kom meej), suav nrog ntau lub hnub qub (muaj txog 30 ntawm lawv). Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov hnub qub, qhov no tsawg heev. Piv txwv li, lub Big Dipper, hlub los ntawm sab qaum teb hemisphere, suav nrog 125 luminaries, thiab qhov loj ntawm pawg no tshaj qhov hu ua "loj" Southern Cross los ntawm yuav luag nees nkaum zaug.

Southern Cross constellation duab
Southern Cross constellation duab

Npe mismatch

Yog tias peb coj lub npe nruj me ntsis, ces lub hnub qub Southern Cross tsis tuaj yeem hu ua tus ntoo khaub lig los ntawm thib tsib "hnub qub", piv rau qhov ci rau plaub lub ntsiab thiab yog li pom txawm tias tsis muaj lub koob yees duab. Nws yuav yog qhov tseeb dua los hais tias nws pom tau tias yog ib qho luminary precisely yam tsis tau txhim kho lub zeem muag, txij li qhov tseeb nws yog ntau lub hnub qub ntawm ntau xim. Thiab yog hais tias lub spectacle tsuas yog mesmerizing nyob rau hauv ib lub tsom iav raj, ces rau ib tug neeg zoo tib yam nws ua rau nws nyuaj me ntsis rau perceive lub constellation nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Southern Cross rau kev taw qhia

Txawm li cas los xij, romanticization ntawm lub hnub qub no tau piav qhia yooj yim heev. Nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm lub ntiaj teb, nws yog piv rau North Star ntawm sab qaum teb ib nrab. Tsuas yog peb haiv neeg "tus taw qhia" pab txiav txim siab qhov twg sab qaum teb yog, ces tus ntoo khaub lig qhia rau cov neeg taug kev uas sab qab teb yog.

tus ntoo khaub lig sab qab teb zoo kawg
tus ntoo khaub lig sab qab teb zoo kawg

Qhov kev qhia meej tseem ceeb yog los txiav tximsab qab teb kev taw qhia nyob rau hauv lub constellation no nyuaj npaum li cas tshaj sab qaum teb txoj kev nyob rau hauv lub North Star. Nyob rau hauv tus ntoo khaub lig, tsuas yog ob lub hnub qub taw tes rau sab qab teb: Alpha thiab Gamma, txwv tsis pub hu ua Acrux thiab Gacrux. Lawv tsim ib lub axis ntev ntawm lub rhombus. Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, tus neeg taug kev yog taw qhia hauv kev taw qhia. Tab sis yog tias xav tau ib qho kev qhia meej dua, ces qhov kab pheeb ces kaum no yuav tsum tau txuas ntxiv plaub thiab ib nrab zaug thiab lub hnub qub me me nrog lub npe tsis tseem ceeb Sigma Octane, uas nyob ze rau sab qab teb ncej, yuav tsum pom muaj. Yog li ntawd, rau tag nrho cov kev suav no koj yuav tsum yuav luag ib tug kws astronomer. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg tsav nkoj ntawm ancient sij hawm yog lawv, thiab lawv tau tswj ua yam tsis muaj niaj hnub complex, tab sis cov cuab yeej raug.

Ib yam nyuaj

Ntxiv rau tag nrho cov teeb meem no, txoj kev taw qhia, uas pab lub hnub qub ntawm Southern Cross, ua rau nws nyuaj rau muaj lwm lub hnub qub zoo sib xws. Nws nyob ze thiab koom rau ob lub hnub qub ib zaug: Carina thiab Sail. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov asterism no yog disgustingly zoo ib yam li yav qab teb "pointer", uas nws tau txais lub npe ntawm False Southern Cross. Rau qhov kev paub txog qhov muag, nws pom tau tias txoj kab uas hla ntawm tus neeg dag ntxias muaj lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm, tab sis cov neeg uas caij nkoj hauv cov hnub qub hauv cov dej no thawj zaug tau yuam kev thiab txav mus rau qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm.

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