Cov txhais lus Latin ntawm tabula rasa yog qhov paub zoo tshaj plaws (lus) li "blank slate". Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem pom ntau zaus hauv cov ntawv tshawb fawb, kos duab thiab sau xov xwm, nrog rau cov lus hais ntawm cov neeg paub cov lus Latin. Nws tau dhau los ua ib qho kev qhia ruaj khov ntau pua xyoo dhau los, tau hloov pauv nws lub ntsiab lus txij li ntawd los, tau txais cov lus hais tshiab, tab sis tseem nyob hauv cov lus, nyob ruaj khov thiab - ntxiv rau, tau nkag siab los ntawm txhua lub teb chaws koom nrog European kab lis kev cai niaj hnub no, lossis los ntawm nws cov lus. hu ua "tus qub txeeg qub teg" (lub teb chaws ntawm Americas).
History of expression
keeb kwm ntawm cov lus "tabula rasa" (rau qhov yooj yim, peb yuav sau ua lus Lavxias) yog hauv paus hauv cov ntaub ntawv qub thiab kev xav. Nws yog thawj zaug ntsib hauv Aristotle lub npe nrov treatise On the Soul. Nws "tabula rasa" tsuas yog ib ntsiav tshuaj siv rau kev sau ntawv. Uas tau paub tsis meej rau txhua tus neeg nyeem ntawv ntawm lub sijhawm nyob deb ntawd. Nrog nws, tus neeg xav sib piv tib neeg lub siab.
Tsis txhob hnov qab: lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov kev qhia, raws li tau hais tseg, hloov pauv nrog kev txhim khodab neeg. Cov kab lus tau siv ntau tshaj ib zaug nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog (tshwj xeeb, los ntawm Persian kws kho mob thiab tus kws tshawb fawb, cov neeg sab hnub tuaj ntawm cov tswv yim ntawm Aristotle, Avicenna). Tab sis nws tau nthuav dav tshaj plaws thaum lub sij hawm Enlightenment ua tsaug rau lub npe nrov Askiv kab lis kev cai John Locke (1632-1704).
Term in Enlightenment philosophy
Hauv Locke cov ntawv sau, "tabula rasa" yog lub siab dawb huv ntawm tus neeg yug tshiab, tsis muaj kev xav thiab kev paub. Ua ib tug sensualist, ib tug txhawb nqa ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm empiricism, Locke tawm tsam lub tswv yim ntawm innate paub nyob rau hauv tib neeg; los ntawm xws li ib tug qhia nws hu ib tug ntsuj plig ua ntej lub neej kev tau txais los ntawm nws. Nws ntseeg hais tias txhua yam uas ua rau tus cwj pwm thiab tus cwj pwm ntawm ib tug neeg, lub hnab ntim ntawm nws cov kev txawj ntse thiab lub nra ntawm complexes - tag nrho cov no yog tsim ib tug nkaus xwb thaum nws accumulates nws tus kheej lub neej kev.
Locke siv lo lus tabula rasa thawj zaug hauv nws 1690 kev xav txog kev xav txog kev muaj cai hu ua Ib Zaj Lus Qhia Txog Tib Neeg Kev Nkag Siab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias hauv Kev Pom Zoo, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab ke ntawm Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, cov hauj lwm zoo li no twb tau sau ua lus ntawm tus sau (qhov no, feem, hauv Latin). Yog li, "tabula rasa" Latin, raws li ib puag ncig ntawm nws lub hauv paus chiv keeb, twb tuag lawm thiab tau poob nws qhov kev cuam tshuam yav dhau los, overcomes, invading, nrog rau kev txawj ntse thiab lub tswv yim kiv puag ncig, mus rau ntau lub teb chaws thiab lawv hom lus.
Tabula rasa as a phraseologism of our days
Txawm hais tias lo lus "tabula rasa" yog tag nrho zaj dab neeg nrogvim nws tus kheej twists thiab lem (hloov nyob rau hauv semantics), cov npe thiab cov ntaub ntawv siv, cov lus yog siv rau niaj hnub no, thiab deb ntawm nyob rau hauv xws li pretentious contexts li cov ntawm peb philosopher predecessors.
Piv txwv li, ntxiv rau lub ntsiab lus zoo nkauj uas tau piav qhia hauv kab lus, nws kuj tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, "tabula rasa" tej zaum yog ib tug playful lub npe rau ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv los yog cov me nyuam kawm ntawv uas nyuam qhuav tau piav tag nrho cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws thiab nrog zom cov piv txwv, thiab leej twg sai sai tsis nco qab txhua yam nyob rau ntawd. Tau kawg, tus kws qhia ntawv tsis zoo lossis tus kws qhia ntawv yuav tsum pib piav qhia, raws li lawv hais, "los ntawm kos."
Siv
Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias lub npe ua si tau hais meej meej tsis yog lo lus nyob hauv koj cov lus nquag. Hauv kev xav tsis zoo, nws tsuas yog tsim nyog siv cov lus hais hauv tsev kawm qib siab lossis ntawm cov neeg kawm ntawv uas kawm Latin hauv tsev kawm qib siab.
Yog li, niaj hnub no "tabula rasa" yog ib hom archaism, tab sis archaism nrog nws qhov kev saj: koj tuaj yeem pom nws hauv cov ntawv no, qhov twg, nrog rau qhov no, xws li Latinisms li "ad hoc", "nota bene”, “thiab lwm yam” thiab lwm yam.
