Cov lus ntawm txhua yam lus nyob deb ntawm tib yam hais txog seb lawv puas siv los ntawm txhua tus neeg hais lus lossis tsuas yog los ntawm qee pawg. Qee cov lexemes tuaj yeem nkag siab tsuas yog los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm qee txoj haujlwm, lawv hu ua "cov lus tshaj lij", piv txwv: hauv kev hais lus ntawm cov tshuab luam ntawv nws yog "pantone" (npaj xim ntawm ib qho ntxoov ntxoo), "xim tag nrho" (luam ntawv ib tsab nrog tag nrho cov xim uas xav tau kom xa tag nrho cov duab xim). Tau kawg, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov ntsiab lus yog txhais, tab sis tsis tsawg, thiab tej zaum ntau zaus, cov lus zoo tib yam tau hloov pauv hauv ib puag ncig kev tshaj lij.
Science terminology
Yog li, cov piv txwv feem ntau ntawm cov lus tshaj lij yog cov ntsiab lus. Lawv tsim lub hauv paus thiab lub hauv paus ntawm pawg lus no. Cov ntsiab lus yog cov lus uas nws lub ntsiab lus yuav nruj. Kev ua haujlwm los xyuas kom meej tias cov lus no tau nkag siab los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hauv zej zog yog sib npaug, tsis meej, ua los ntawm cov neeg koom nrog kev tshawb fawb. Feem ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm ib lo lus tshwj xeeb yoglub ntsiab lus ntawm voluminous scientific sib tham. Raws li txoj cai, cov no yog cov ntsiab lus dav dav tshaj plaws, qhov kev nkag siab uas txiav txim siab qhov kev nkag siab ntawm qhov teeb meem tag nrho thiab teeb tsa lub ntsiab lus nqaim.
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus tshaj lij
Piv txwv li, ntawm cov kws paub lus, xws li piv txwv ntawm cov lus tshaj lij yog "ob hom lus". Nws zoo nkaus li tias lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus no yog pob tshab, txhais tau tias "bilingualism", uas yog, lub peev xwm ntawm tus neeg hais ob hom lus. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov kws tshaj lij hu ua ob hom lus yog ib qho kev paub tshwj xeeb thiab ua tiav ntawm ob hom lus, thaum ib tug neeg nyob hauv ib lub teb chaws uas muaj ob hom lus xav tau (piv txwv li, hauv Canada lossis Australia), thaum lwm tus ntseeg tias txawm tias ib tug neeg twg. kev kawm ib hom lus txawv teb chaws tuaj yeem hu ua ob hom lus, lus hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab tuaj yeem hais lus lossis nyeem tsawg kawg nkaus. Los ntawm sab nraud nws yuav zoo li tias qhov no tsuas yog kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm lo lus, tab sis tom qab nws yog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev nkag siab lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev txawj lus, kev txawj hais lus, thiab qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm nws tus kheej yog qhov ua tau zoo los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov lus. science ntawm lus.
piv txwv cov ntsiab lus nqaim
Feem ntau ntawm cov ntsiab lus muaj lub ntsiab lus nruj, thiab lawv paub txog qhov nruab nrab tus neeg hais lus insofar raws li nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov ntau ntawm lawv siv. Piv txwv li, ib tug neeg uas coj tus dev mus rau ib lub chaw kho tsiaj tam sim ntawd poob rau hauv ib qho kev txawv txav rau nws lub neej txhua hnub thiab tsis kam lees paub thiab siv cov lus kws kho mob (piv txwv li cov lus: puncture, hepatoprotector, plasma, lub cev qhuav dej, tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov tsos mob, syndrome).. Tib yam mus rau ib qho twgib tug neeg txiav txim, hais, luam ntawv kev pab cuam rau ib album, lag luam phaib, phau ntawv, los yog daim ntawv qhia. Nws yuav tsum tau cuam tshuam nrog kev luam ntawv cov lus, piv txwv ntawm cov neeg paub ntau: flyleaf, khi, offset, risography, layout, thiab lwm yam.
xov xwm slang
Raws li twb tau hais lawm, kev tshaj lij tsis suav nrog cov ntsiab lus nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj muaj cov lus dav dav uas lub ntsiab lus tshiab nkag siab tsuas yog rau cov kws tshaj lij tau kos, cov no kuj yog cov lus tshaj lij (piv txwv thiab lawv lub ntsiab lus: "tawg" yog hu ua hauv computer. ib puag ncig dab tsi tsis ua haujlwm raws li tus kws tshaj lij (tawg txuas - ua rau nplooj ntawv tsis muaj nyob); "cov hlau nplaum" cov kws kho mob xwm txheej ceev hu ua magnesium sulfate; los ntawm "pajamas" designers txhais lub npe ntawm Paige Maker program).
Ntxiv rau, cov lus hais ntawm cov kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem sau nrog cov lus tsim los ntawm cov npe, cov ntsiab lus thiab cov npe, cov lus txawv teb chaws, cov ntawv luv. Lawv kuj hais txog cov lus tshaj lij (piv txwv li cov lus: photoshop ("Cia kuv photoshop nws tom qab tag nrho") - ua cov duab hauv Photoshop program, quark ("Koj puas tau quarking ntev?") - ua haujlwm hauv Quark Kev pab cuam Express).
Cov lus zoo li no thiab cov lus zoo sib xws hauv kev hais lus ntawm cov kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov lus tag nrho siv zog rau kev nthuav tawm thiab tib lub sijhawm kom muaj peev xwm; hais lus tau ntsib nrog kev tawm tsam, thiabCov nqe lus tau hloov pauv lossis hloov pauv.
Yog li, cov lus tshaj lij yog ib feem ntawm cov lus uas feem ntau xav tau thiab nkag siab rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm qee txoj haujlwm. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, qhov no yog scientific thiab professional terminology, thiab thib ob, nws yog nws transformation, los yog cov lus zoo tib yam siv nyob rau hauv lub nqaim tshwj xeeb lub ntsiab lus.
