Nyob rau hauv cov lus Askiv nto moo muaj ib lub ntsiab lus nyuaj heev hauv cov qauv sau ntawv, uas txuas nrog lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus qhia thiab lawv cov kev hloov pauv thiab siv sijhawm sib txawv. Muaj 16 lub sijhawm hauv cov lus, tab sis 9 ntawm lawv yog cov siv thiab kawm ntau tshaj plaws. Verbs nyob rau hauv cov lus txawv nyob rau hauv lawv lub ntsiab lus: txiav txim lub xeev los yog kev ua ntawm ib tug neeg los yog cov khoom uas tsis muaj sia. Yog li ntawd, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm tus kheej thiab tsis yog tus kheej. Yog li, tus kheej daim ntawv yog cim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws tuaj yeem sib txuas ua tus predicate hauv kab lus. Tab sis nws yuav tsum tau hais qhia tias kev sib txuas ntawm cov lus qhia hauv lus Askiv yog ncaj qha nyob ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev siv qee pawg.
Qeb thiab Daim Ntawv
Ib qho lus qhia hauv ib hom lus qhia txog kev ua, kev hloov pauv ntawm tus neeg lossis ib yam khoom. Cov ntaub ntawv tus kheej hauv cov ntawv siv lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus neeg ua pov thawj, yog tias muaj cov ncauj lus sau ua tus hais lossis tus npe. Lawv muaj pawg neeg, tus lej, sijhawm, hom, cog lus, mus ob peb vas. Verb conjugation hauv lus Askiv feem ntau nyob ntawm txhua lo lus hauv kab lus.
qeb ntsej muag suav nrog peb pawg. Thawj tus yog kuv, peb, tus thib 2 yog koj, tus thib 3 yog nws, nws, nws, lawv. Nyob rau tam sim no Tense, tus neeg thib ob ntau ntau daim ntawv tau yuav luag supplanted cov lus.
Tus lej: ntau thiab ntau tus lej.
Qhov hnyav tshaj plaws, uas muaj ntau yam khoom siv los kawm, yog lub sijhawm. Lub npe ntawm qhov kev txiav txim yog siv - lub sij hawm ntawm kev hais lus.
Saib (Aspect) qhia qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kev txiav txim lossis lub xeev hauv ib lub sijhawm.
Suab qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kev kawm hauv lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm qhov kev txiav txim lossis, qhov sib txawv, qhov khoom uas qhov kev txiav txim tau ua.
Mood qhia kev sib raug zoo qauv ntawm kev ua - kev muaj tiag.
Verb to be
Kev sib txuas ntawm cov lus qhia hauv lus Askiv thaum pib theem pib nrog lub hauv paus thiab feem ntau siv cov lus qhia hauv hom lus - ua. Cov lus qhia no txhais tau tias "ua, muaj, yog." Rau qhov tseeb thiab kev siv lus ntawm cov lus qhia hauv kev sib tham thiab sau ntawv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum paub txog kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov lus ua lus Askiv. Cov lus sib txuas hauv cov sijhawm sib txawv yog qhia hauv qab no.
| sijhawm | Form in units. h. | Form in pl. h. | Examples |
| Present Simple | Am/is | yog | Kuv yog kws kho mob. Nws yog ib tug kws kho mob. Peb yogcov kws kho mob. |
| Past Simple | yog | vim | Kuv yog ib tug kws kho mob. Nws yog ib tug kws kho mob. Peb yog kws kho mob. |
| Yav Tom Ntej Yooj Yim |
Y yuav yog |
Y yuav yog |
Kuv yuav yog tus kws kho mob. Nws yuav yog kws kho mob. Peb yuav ua tus kws kho mob. |
Lub rooj qhia tau hais tias kev siv cov lus qhia ua feem ntau hloov cov ntaub ntawv thaum sib txuas. Qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntawm cov lus. Kev kawm lawv yuav tsum tshwm sim thaum pib ntawm kev cob qhia.
Vajtswv kom muaj
Vajtswv conjugation hauv lus Askiv muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov sib txawv nrog ntau hom lus yog qhov muaj cov lus qhia nrog cov qauv siv tshwj xeeb uas hloov pauv nyob ntawm tus lej thiab poj niam txiv neej ntawm lub npe. Feem ntau cov lus qhia yog kom muaj. Nws txhais tau tias "muaj, muaj". Nyob rau hauv Present Simple, cov lus qhia kom muaj yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv daim ntawv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov lus. suav nrog tus neeg thib peb. Daim foos no muaj.
Piv txwv: Kuv muaj phau ntawv. Lawv muaj ib phau ntawv. Koj muaj ib phau ntawv. Tab sis: Nws muaj ib phau ntawv. Nws muaj ib phau ntawv. Nyob rau hauv Yav tas los Yooj Yim, cov lus qhia kom muaj muaj ib daim ntawv muaj rau 1, 2 thiab 3 tus neeg nyob rau hauv ntau ntau thiab ntau cov lus: Lawv muaj ib phau ntawv. Koj muaj phau ntawv. Nws muaj ib phau ntawv.
Cov lus qhia tsis tu ncua thiab tsis xwm yeem
Cov ntaub ntawv hais lus kuj txawv nyob rau hauv txoj kev dhau los ntawm daim ntawv tense, paub zoo dua li daim ntawv II, thiab kuj yog daim ntawv koom nrog yav dhau los. Yooj yim, lossis III-rd daim ntawv. Lub conjugation ntawm irregular verbs nyob rau hauv lus Askiv yog txawv los ntawm conjugation ntawm ib txwm sawv daws yuav. Thaum hloov cov lus qhia tsis tu ncua, tsis muaj cov lus nug thiab teeb meem tshwj xeeb, tsim cov ntawv II lossis III. Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ntxiv qhov xaus -ed rau thawj daim ntawv. Teeb meem tshwm sim hauv kev nyeem ntawv thiab tsim cov ntawv no.
Irregular verbs yog cov lus qhia uas nws daim ntawv II lossis III tau tsim los ntawm txoj kev nyuaj dua. Lawv yuav tsum nco ntsoov siv lawv kom raug hauv kev hais lus thiab nkag siab. Muaj ib lub rooj conjugation ntawm cov lus qhia tsis raug, uas muaj tag nrho cov lus qhia thiab lawv cov ntawv. Qhov teeb meem yog qhov no: cov no yog cov lus qhia ntau heev, tsis paub cov ntaub ntawv qhia hauv lub rooj, nws yuav nyuaj rau kev sib txuas lus nrog tus neeg txawv teb chaws.
