Nitriding thev naus laus zis yog ua raws li kev hloov pauv cov qauv ntawm cov khoom hlau. Cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm no yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig rau lub hom phiaj nrog cov yam ntxwv tiv thaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog tsuas yog lub cev zoo uas ua rau kom cov nitriding ntawm cov hlau hauv tsev, uas tsis muaj lub sijhawm rau kev ntsuas ntau dhau los ua kom cov khoom ua haujlwm nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo dua.
Cov ntaub ntawv dav dav txog nitriding thev naus laus zis
Qhov kev xav tau ntawm nitriding yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev saib xyuas cov yam ntxwv uas tso cai rau cov khoom siv nrog cov khoom zoo. Lub ntsiab sib koom ntawm cov txheej txheem nitriding yog ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau thermal ua ntawm qhov chaw. Hauv particular, kev sib tsoo tshuab yog dav, ua tsaug rau cov kws tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem kho qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv ntawm thaj chaw uas tsis raug rau nitriding raug tso cai. Hauv qhov no, txheej txheej nyias ntawm cov tin tuaj yeem siv los ntawm cov txheej txheem galvanic. Piv nrog rau txoj kev sib sib zog nqus ntawm kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau, nitriding yog qhov saturation ntawm txheej txheej hlau, uas cuam tshuam rau cov qauv kom tsawg dua.qhov khoob. Ntawd yog, cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntsiab lus hlau ntsig txog cov yam ntxwv sab hauv tsis suav nrog hauv kev txhim kho nitrided.
Ntau yam ntawm txoj kev nitriding
Nitriding mus kom ze yuav txawv. Feem ntau, ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb yog qhov txawv nyob ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm cov hlau nitriding. Cov no tuaj yeem yog txoj hauv kev los txhim kho qhov hnav tsis kam thiab hardness, nrog rau kev txhim kho corrosion kuj. Thawj qhov sib txawv txawv nyob rau hauv uas cov qauv yog hloov tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm qhov kub ntawm txog 500 ° C. Qhov txo qis ntawm nitriding feem ntau yog ua tiav thaum kho ion, thaum glow paug excitation pom los ntawm anodes thiab cathodes. Hauv qhov kev xaiv thib ob, alloyed steel yog nitrided. Hom tshuab no muab kev kho cua sov ntawm 600-700 ° C nrog cov txheej txheem ntev txog 10 teev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, kev ua yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog txhua yam kev txiav txim thiab thermal finishing ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, raws li raws nraim yuav tsum tau rau qhov tshwm sim.
cuam tshuam nrog ntshav ions
Qhov no yog ib txoj hauv kev kom saturation ntawm cov hlau nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev uas muaj nitrogen, nyob rau hauv uas hluav taws xob glow nqi tau zoo siab. Cov phab ntsa ntawm chav cua sov tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raws li anodes, thaum cov khoom ua haujlwm ncaj qha ua raws li cathode. Txhawm rau kom yooj yim rau kev tswj cov txheej txheem txheej txheem, kev kho cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis raug tso cai. Piv txwv li, cov yam ntxwv ntom ntom ntom nti, qib degree ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev, tus nqi nitrogen ntws, cov qib ntawm ntxiv ntawm Netcov txheej txheem roj, thiab lwm yam. Hauv qee qhov kev hloov kho, plasma nitriding ntawm cov hlau kuj muab kev sib txuas ntawm argon, methane thiab hydrogen. Ib feem, qhov no tso cai rau koj los txhim kho cov yam ntxwv sab nraud ntawm cov hlau, tab sis cov kev hloov pauv tseem txawv ntawm kev ua tiav tag nrho. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog qhov sib sib zog nqus cov qauv kev hloov pauv thiab kev kho yog ua tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau ntawm cov txheej txheej thiab cov plhaub ntawm cov khoom. Kev ua ionic tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov deformation ntawm tus qauv.
Gas nitriding
Txoj kev no ntawm cov khoom hlau saturation yog nqa tawm ntawm qhov kub ntawm txog 400 ° C. Tab sis kuj muaj kev zam. Piv txwv li, refractory thiab austenitic steels muab rau ib theem siab ntawm cua sov - mus txog 1200 ° C. Dissociated ammonia ua raws li lub ntsiab saturation nruab nrab. Cov txheej txheem deformation tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm cov txheej txheem roj nitriding, uas muaj cov txheej txheem sib txawv. Cov hom nrov tshaj plaws yog ob-, peb-theem hom, nrog rau kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ammonia dissociated. Cov qauv uas koom nrog kev siv huab cua thiab hydrogen tsis tshua siv. Ntawm cov kev tswj tsis tau txiav txim siab steel nitriding los ntawm cov yam ntxwv zoo, ib qho tuaj yeem tawm ntawm cov ammonia noj, qhov kub thiab txias, degree ntawm dissociation, noj cov txheej txheem pabcuam gases, thiab lwm yam.
Kho nrog cov tshuaj electrolyte
Ua ib txwm siv cov cuab yeej siv tshuabanode cua sov. Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog hom electrochemical-thermal high-speed processing steel cov ntaub ntawv. Txoj kev no yog ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv lub zog hluav taws xob uas hla ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub workpiece muab tso rau hauv qhov nruab nrab electrolyte. Vim muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob ntawm cov hlau thiab cov tshuaj ib puag ncig, cov nyhuv polishing kuj ua tiav. Nrog rau kev ua haujlwm zoo li no, lub hom phiaj feem tuaj yeem suav tias yog anode nrog cov khoom muaj peev xwm zoo los ntawm cov hluav taws xob tam sim no. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov ntim ntawm cathode yuav tsum tsis txhob tsawg dua qhov ntim ntawm anode. Ntawm no nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov qee tus yam ntxwv raws li qhov twg ion nitriding ntawm steels converges nrog electrolytes. Tshwj xeeb, cov kws tshaj lij nco txog ntau hom kev tsim cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob nrog anodes, uas, ntawm lwm yam, nyob ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm electrolyte sib tov. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov tseeb thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov hlau blanks.
Catholic Nitriding
Qhov chaw ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog tsim los ntawm dissociated ammonia nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug kub tswj ntawm txog 200-400 ° C. Nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau workpiece, xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws saturation hom, txaus los kho lub workpiece. Qhov no kuj tseem siv tau rau kev hloov pauv hauv ib nrab siab ntawm ammonia thiab hydrogen. Qhov xav tau ntawm ammonia dissociation yog ua tiav los ntawm kev tswj lub siab thiab ntim ntawm cov khoom siv roj. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau cov classical txoj kev ntawm rojsaturation, Catholic nitriding ntawm hlau muab rau ntau maj mam ua hom. Feem ntau, cov thev naus laus zis no yog siv nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig huab cua uas muaj nitrogen nrog lub teeb ci hluav taws xob. Kev ua haujlwm anode yog ua los ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov cua sov chamber, thiab cathode muaj nuj nqi yog ua los ntawm cov khoom.
txheej txheem deformation
Xyaum txhua txoj hauv kev ntawm saturation ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hlau blanks yog raws li kev sib txuas ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Lwm qhov yog tias cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob thiab roj rau kev kho cov yam ntxwv tuaj yeem siv tau ntxiv, hloov tsis tau tsuas yog sab nraud, tab sis kuj yog cov qauv sab nraud ntawm cov khoom siv. Feem ntau, cov kws tshaj lij nrhiav kev txhim kho lub zog ntawm lub hom phiaj khoom thiab kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev cuam tshuam sab nraud. Piv txwv li, corrosion kuj yog ib lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm saturation, nyob rau hauv uas nitriding ntawm hlau yog nqa tawm. Cov qauv ntawm cov hlau tom qab kev kho mob nrog electrolytes thiab gaseous media yog endowed nrog rwb thaiv tsev uas muaj peev xwm tiv taus tej yam ntuj tso kev puas tsuaj. Cov kev txwv tshwj xeeb rau kev hloov cov qauv yog txiav txim los ntawm cov xwm txheej rau kev siv yav tom ntej ntawm lub workpiece.
Nitriding tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm lwm cov thev naus laus zis
Nrog rau cov txheej txheem nitriding, cov qauv sab nraud ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj peev xwm hloov tau los ntawm cyanidation thiab carburizing technologies. Raws li rau thawj technology, nws yog ntau reminiscent ntawm classical alloying. Qhov txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb thiab cementation. Nws kujtso cai rau kev siv cov pa roj carbon, tab sis ntawm qhov kub siab - txog 950 ° C. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm xws li saturation yog kom ua tiav kev ua haujlwm siab hardness. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ob qho tib si carburizing thiab nitriding ntawm cov hlau zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv cov qauv sab hauv tuaj yeem tswj tau qee qhov kev sib tw. Hauv kev xyaum, kev ua haujlwm zoo li no yog siv rau hauv kev lag luam uas cov khoom ua haujlwm yuav tsum tiv taus kev sib txhuam, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, hnav tsis kam thiab lwm yam zoo uas ua kom cov khoom siv tau ntev.
txiaj ntsig ntawm nitriding
Qhov zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis suav nrog ntau hom kev ua haujlwm saturation thiab ntau yam ntawm daim ntawv thov. Kev kho deg nrog qhov tob ntawm 0.2-0.8 hli kuj ua rau nws muaj peev xwm khaws cov qauv ntawm cov hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau nyob ntawm lub koom haum ntawm cov txheej txheem uas nitriding hlau thiab lwm yam alloys tau ua. Yog li, piv rau alloying, kev siv cov tshuaj nitrogen tsis tshua kim thiab tuaj yeem ua tau txawm tias nyob hauv tsev.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm nitriding
Txoj kev yog tsom mus rau kev ua kom zoo nkauj sab nraud ntawm cov hlau nto, uas ua rau muaj kev txwv ntawm cov ntsuas kev tiv thaiv. Tsis zoo li kev kho cov pa roj carbon monoxide, piv txwv li, nitriding tsis tuaj yeem kho cov qauv sab hauv ntawm lub workpiece kom txo tau kev ntxhov siab. Lwm qhov tsis zoo yog qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo txawm tias cov khoom tiv thaiv sab nraud ntawm cov khoom zoo li no. Ntawm ib sab, cov txheej txheem steel nitriding tuaj yeem txhim kho corrosion thiabkev tiv thaiv dej noo, tab sis ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tseem yuav txo qhov ntom ntawm cov qauv thiab, raws li, cuam tshuam rau lub zog zog.
Zoo kawg
Metal processing technologies koom nrog ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm kev siv tshuab thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Ib txhia ntawm lawv yog cov raug thiab raug xam rau tus qauv endowment ntawm blanks nrog rau cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb thiab lub cev txoj kev. Lwm tus tsom mus rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj tshwj xeeb. Cov pab pawg thib ob suav nrog nitriding ntawm cov hlau, uas tso cai rau qhov ua tau ntawm yuav luag cov ntsiab lus kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm sab nrauv ntawm ib feem. Txoj kev hloov kho no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam ib txhij los tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam sab nraud, tab sis tib lub sijhawm tsis hloov lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom siv. Hauv kev xyaum, cov khoom thiab cov qauv uas siv hauv kev tsim kho, kev tsim kho tshuab thiab cov cuab yeej siv tau raug rau cov haujlwm no. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb rau cov ntaub ntawv uas yog thawj zaug raug rau siab loads. Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj qhov ntsuas lub zog uas tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm nitriding. Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, alloying nrog sib sib zog nqus tag nrho-hom ua ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qauv yog siv. Tab sis nws kuj muaj nws cov drawbacks nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm teeb meem technical impurities.
