Tus menyuam kawm ntawv yuav ua li cas hauv qhov kev xeem yog tias nws "ntev" hauv cov lus teb rau lo lus nug uas nws paub, tab sis kwv yees li, hais, nws puas, neeg pluag, muaj kev ntxub ntxaug nrog cov lus nug? Thaum twg tus tubtxib saum ntuj ntawm kev tshawb fawb no hnov ib lub suab nrov, tab sis nws tsis paub tias nws nyob qhov twg, vim nws ntsia hauv phau ntawv, tab sis pom ib tug fig? Lawm, nws pib nchuav los ntawm khoob mus rau khoob thiab tuav ib ncig ntawm lub hav txwv yeem.
Zoo yog cov lus uas qhov tseeb banal ntawm rub tawm daim pib "tsis ncaj ncees lawm" tuaj yeem piav qhia nrog ntau cov lus pom tseeb. Thiab … Txawm li cas los xij, peb yuav tsis nchuav los ntawm qhov khoob mus rau qhov khoob thiab cia cov tub ntxhais kawm tsis saib xyuas ib leeg nrog tus kws qhia nruj tab sis ncaj ncees, thiab peb tus kheej yuav tig mus rau qhov teeb meem zoo li keeb kwm.keeb kwm ntawm phraseological units.
Dab tsi yog phraseologism?
Ntau zaus peb tsis txawm xav tias cov kab lus peb siv yog cov kab lus tiag tiag. Ib qho piv txwv yog cov kev paub zoo xws li: "tsis tau saib rov qab", "dub pw tsaug zog", "kev xaiv nplua nuj" thiab lwm yam. Qhov no yog ib txwm, vim hais tias peb tsis tuaj yeem nco qab txhua feeb qhov tseeb tias chav tsev phraseological yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ob lossis ntau lo lus tsim los ua cov kab lus ruaj khov, kab lus uas muaj lub ntsiab lus tsis hloov pauv, thiab cov lus hais muaj xws li: cov lus hais, cov lus pov thawj, catchphrases and expressions ntawm ntau haiv neeg keeb kwm.
Keeb kwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov lus hais lus
phraseological units tau tsim thiab nkag mus rau hauv peb cov lus sib txawv.
- Phraseological units ntawm keeb kwm qub. Piv txwv li, "Procrustean txaj", "Domocles sword", "Trojan nees".
- phau Vajlugkub hais tias: "Xoos Dos thiab lub nroog Kaulees", "Loj tus poj niam", "huv koj tus ntoo khaub lig".
- Cov lus pej xeem nrog nws qhov kev ua piv txwv thiab qhov tseeb: "ua si tus neeg ruam", "tshem tus ntiv tes xoo".
- Literary tej hauj lwm, zaj duab xis: "thiab Vaska mloog thiab noj", "ua ib tug ntxhw tawm ntawm ib tug ya".
German.).
Yog tias peb coj los ua lub hauv paus nqe lus uas ua lus, zoo li hauvdaim iav qhia txog lub neej ntawm nws cov bearers, ces phraseological units yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm daim iav no. Yog li ntawd, phraseological units yog cov kab lus uas sib haum mus rau lub tswv yim ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom ntawm cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig qhov tseeb, aptly thiab succinctly characterize nws.
Yuav ua kom peb cov kev sib tham ntau qhov tseem ceeb, ua piv txwv, cia peb ua thiab txhais lub ntsiab lus ntawm chav tsev phraseological "kho ntawm qhov khoob mus rau qhov khoob".
Cov lus "Pour los ntawm khoob rau khoob" los ntawm qhov twg?
Yog tias koj tso siab rau cov lus dab neeg, ces keeb kwm ntawm qhov kev qhia peb xav tau pib hauv Hellenic lub sijhawm pom kev, thaum cov kws tshawb fawb nyiam sib pauv tswv yim ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb, los tham txog cov ntsiab lus tsis meej. Muaj ib hnub, tus naas ej philosopher Democritus tshwm sim los hnov ib tug kev sib tham ntawm nws cov npoj yaig, nyob rau hauv uas ib tug nug cov lus nug tsis zoo, thiab tus thib ob teb nws tsis tsim nyog. Democritus tau mloog thiab mloog thiab hais tej yam zoo li no: "Cov kwv tij kws txawj ntse, koj tsis xav tias ib tug ntawm koj yog mis nyuj tshis, thiab ib tug yog teem ib lub sieve?" Peb tsis paub tias qhov kev lom zem me me ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb zoo tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm ob peb tus uas nws nchuav, tab sis cov neeg kawm thiab cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv khaws cov kab lus, ua rau nws tis.
Idle chatter yog txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb
Txij thaum ub los, cov lus Democritus tau raug kho los ua cov lus tsis sib haum xeeb.
Thiab txij li muaj tus hlub txaus los tham txog tsis muaj dab tsi nyob hauv ib lub tebchaws, ces maj mam piav qhiatsis txaus ntseeg, los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov txheej txheem ntawm milking ib tug tshis nyob rau hauv ib lub sieve, tau hloov pauv raws li cov tswv yim ntawm txhua tus neeg txog kev ua tsis muaj nuj nqis. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm chav tsev "kom nchuav los ntawm qhov khoob mus rau qhov khoob" yog piv nrog cov lus Fab Kis "sib ntaus dej nrog rab ntaj", Lus Askiv "sib ntaus cua", Italian "catch the clouds".
Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog txawv teb chaws phraseological units, nws tsim nyog hais txog cov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev txhais lus ntawm Lavxias teb sab phraseological units rau lwm yam lus. Thaum txhais, lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov lus feem ntau ploj. Yog li, lub ntsiab lus ntawm chav tsev phraseological "kom nchuav los ntawm qhov khoob mus rau qhov khoob", hauv Fab Kis nws yuav yog ib yam zoo li no: "pob (dhau) lub tshuab nqus tsev (tsis muaj dab tsi) rau hauv qhov khoob". Tag nrho cov wit los ntawm kev siv cov ntsiab lus "dab tsi" thiab "kho" evaporated, muab txoj hauv kev rau cov lus piav qhia qee qhov tsis meej kiag li.
Ntawm luv luv txog cov lus sib dhos, cov lus sib dhos thiab lub luag haujlwm derivational
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev hloov pauv los ntawm khoob mus rau qhov khoob yog qhia meej meej los ntawm trio ntawm thoob hauv daim duab ua ntej sub title. Lawm, tsis muaj leej twg yuav tham txog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig nrog kev qhuas. Yog li ntawd, lub ntsiab lus ntawm chav tsev phraseological "kom ncuav los ntawm khoob mus rau khoob" yog qhov tsis zoo. Qhov kev qhia no yog siv thaum nws tsim nyog los qhia txog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev hais lus tsis ua haujlwm thiab kev sib tham tsis muaj ntsiab lus, lossis thaum nws tsim nyog los piav txog kev lag luam tsis tsim nyog.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias kev hloov pauv ntawm khoob mus rau khoob, txiav txim siab los ntawm kev nplua nujphraseological units-synonyms - ib qho tshwm sim. Nov yog qee qhov ntawm lawv:
- khaw koj tus nplaig;
- to yug thawv-bars;
- pound dej hauv mortar;
- nqa taws mus rau tom hav zoov;
- ntxawm saum qab nthab;
- pab koj tus nplaig;
- breed turuses on wheels.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsa phooj ywg sawv daws.
Functionally, cov lus qhia "kho los ntawm khoob mus rau khoob" tuaj yeem hloov tau los ntawm cov lus hais:
- tsis muaj nuj nqis;
- idle;
- leisure;
- tsis muaj tseeb.
Thiab kawg, lo lus uas yug los ua tsaug rau cov lus qhia "kho los ntawm khoob mus rau khoob" yog ib lo lus rau chav tsev hais lus: khoob.
Yog tias koj nkees ntawm nchuav los ntawm qhov khoob mus rau qhov khoob, cov lus qhia thiab cov txheej txheem "hais lus rau qhov" yuav los cawm. Antonyms tseem tuaj yeem suav nrog cov kab lus hauv qab no:
- tsis tau hais sai dua li ua tiav;
- hais - as cut off;
- tsis nkim lus;
Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg.
Futuristic
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm hom lus tuag thiab tus muaj sia nyob? Cov tuag yeej hloov tsis tau, tsis zoo li cov nyob. Lub sijhawm, lub neej hloov pauv, qee lo lus tsis nco qab, lwm tus tuaj hloov lawv. Yog li ntawd, qee zaum koj yuav tsum tau rummage los ntawm cov phau ntawv txhais lus thiab cov ntawv xov xwm encyclopedias kom nkag siab tias yog vim li cas "tuag tus ntiv tes xoo" thiab feem ntau nws txhais li cas, qhov muag nyob hauv dej hiav txwv, thiab vim li cas nws thiaj li yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv.
Tej zaum ntau pua xyoo yuav dhau mus, thiab peb cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv yuav nrhiav cov lus teb rau cov lus nug: tsiaj dab tsi yog "patstalom", vim li cas cov tshuaj yej?phau ntawv thiab rau dab tsi koj tau zom ua si?
