Tus thawj coj tsis yog lub rooj sib tham ntawm cov thawj coj, tsawg dua qhov chaw uas lawv nyob ua ke. Lub sij hawm muaj ntau lwm lub tswv yim, ob qho tib si nyob ze thiab nyob deb heev. Dab tsi yog cov npe, peb yuav txheeb xyuas kom meej hauv cov khoom no. Cia peb pib nrog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
Dab tsi yog daim ntawv teev npe?
Daim ntawv qhia (los ntawm Fab Kis tus thawj tswj hwm) yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub koom haum ntawm lub xeev lub hwj chim, sawv cev los ntawm tsoomfwv qib siab. Hauv lwm lo lus, qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb rau lub tebchaws no tshwm sim ntawm lub rooj sib tham dav dav ntawm qee tus thawj coj.
Dab tsi yog daim ntawv teev npe hauv lwm qhov kev nkag siab? Qhov no yog kev tswj hwm collegial feem ntau, tsis yog nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ntawm lub hwj chim loj tshaj. Yog li, piv txwv li, nws yog phau ntawv qhia uas qhia Bolshoi Theatre hauv 1918-1920.
Tam sim no cia peb mus rau qhov piv txwv ntawm cov npe thoob plaws xeev:
- Nyob Fab Kis teb xyoo 1795-1799. lub hwj chim loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv txhais tes ntawm tsib tus Thawj Coj.
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Russia:
- Cuaj hlis-Lub Kaum Hli 1917 - pawg thawj coj ntawm tsib tus thawj coj coj los ntawm Kerensky yog ib lub sijhawm muaj xwm txheej ceev hauv lub tebchaws.
- Lub Xya Hli-Lub Kaum Hli 1918 Phau Ntawv Qhia - lub npe tsis raug cai ntawm Pawg Sab LajCov thawj coj ntawm tsoomfwv ib ntus ntawm Siberia.
- Lub Kaum Hli-Kaum Ib Hlis 1918 - kev kav ntawm Ufa phau ntawv qhia (lub npe tsis raug cai ntawm All-Russian Provisional Government, coj los ntawm ND Avksentiev).
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Nyob hauv Ukraine:
- In 1918-1920. Ukrainian directory yog lub xeev txoj cai ntawm Ukrainian People's Republic.
- In 1919-1920. Phau Ntawv Teev Npe ntawm Carpathian Rus yog tsoomfwv tswj hwm ntawm thaj av no hauv Czechoslovakia.
- Dab tsi yog daim ntawv teev npe hauv Switzerland? Qhov no yog ib daim ntawv ntawm tsoom fwv nyob rau hauv uas lub hwj chim loj tshaj ntawm tsoom fwv teb chaws koom pheej belongs rau tsoom fwv teb chaws Council, xaiv los ntawm cov parliament. Nws muaj 7 tus tswv cuab. Txhua tus ntawm lawv tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm lossis tus lwm thawj.
Directory - file system
Cia saib seb daim ntawv teev npe nyob rau hauv lub computer yog dab tsi. Nws lwm lub npe yog catalog, folder, directory. Tag nrho cov no hauv cov ntsiab lus no yog ib yam khoom hauv PC cov ntaub ntawv uas yooj yim rau lub koom haum ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias, phau ntawv teev npe ntawm no yog ib lub npe me ntsis outdated. Hauv kev kawm - folder, catalogue.
Ib phau ntawv tuaj yeem khaws qee tus lej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv lossis lwm cov folders uas tseem muaj cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntsiab lus, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv. Cov ntawv teev npe zoo li no xav tau los pab pawg cov ntaub ntawv, ua kom yooj yim rau nws lub koom haum, tshawb nrhiav, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Installation directory
Daim ntawv qhia kev teeb tsa yog dab tsi? Ntau nwslo lus no tsis meej pem.
Lub sij hawm rov ua dua rau PC. Ntawm no cov directory yog tib lub folder. Tab sis ib qho ntawm qhov program yuav raug ntsia. Piv txwv li, rau lub qhov rais, lub default installation directory yuav yog C:\Program Files. Los yog lwm lub nplaub tshev uas koj tuaj yeem xaiv koj tus kheej.
Root directories
Lub hauv paus directory yog dab tsi? Yog lawm, nws yog lub hauv paus nplaub tshev! Ntawd yog, ib daim ntawv teev npe uas txhua cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus khaws cia. Los ntawm lub hauv paus directory, lub thiaj li hu ua lub hauv paus ntawm lub disk, tag nrho lwm yam folders "loj hlob" twb. Nws yog nws leej twg yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb hauv txhua yam khoom siv uas muaj hluav taws xob nco. Wb saib qhov tshwj xeeb.
Computer. Lub hauv paus directory yog kiag li nyob rau hauv tej PC, laptop. Ntxiv mus, tsawg kawg yog ob ntawm lawv yog disks C thiab D uas paub zoo rau koj.
Flash drive. Lub hauv paus directory ntawm lub flash drive yog dab tsi? Qhov no yog lub ntsiab nplaub tshev uas qhib tom qab lub PC pom tus tsav hauv Kuv Lub Computer (Windows). Hauv nws, koj tuaj yeem tsim ntau tus menyuam cov npe lossis txawm tias lawv tag nrho cov ceg los npaj cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia.
Visually, xws li cov qauv yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws sawv cev zoo li tsob ntoo. Cov npe tseem ceeb yog nws cov hauv paus (li no lub ntsiab lus ntawm "hauv paus"), thiab lwm cov npe yog lub cev thiab cov ceg me. Cov ntaub ntawv yog nplooj.
Smartphone. Lub hauv paus nplaub tshev ntawm lub smartphone yuav yog cov npe uas OS, daim ntawv thov, tag nrho koj cov duab, yeeb yaj duab, suab kaw cia. Yog tias lub cim xeeb tuaj yeem nthuav dav nrog lub flash drive, ces koj yuav tsim lwm qhovib lub nplaub tshev uas koj tuaj yeem tso ntau yam ntaub ntawv.
Kuv tuaj yeem nrhiav cov npe hauv paus nyob qhov twg?
Dab tsi yog lub hauv paus directory, peb tam sim no nkag siab. Tab sis nws tseem ceeb sib npaug los nrhiav nws sai. Nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj - peb yuav qhia koj txog txoj hauv kev rau txhua qhov xwm txheej tau teev tseg.
Computer. Koj yuav tsum xaiv tus nas "Lub computer no" ("Kuv lub computer" - nyob ntawm lub version ntawm OS), mus rau lub system tree, qhov twg koj yuav pom tsav C los yog D.
Flash drive. Nrhiav cov hauv paus nplaub tshev ntawm no yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws: sai li sai tau thaum koj txuas lub cuab yeej rau lub khoos phis tawj, txiav lossis nyem rau ntawm "flash drive" tab hauv "Kuv Lub Computer" koj nkag mus rau hauv.
Smartphone. Tus neeg siv iPhone tsis muaj kev nkag ncaj qha mus rau hauv paus directory ntawm lub cuab yeej. Androids txawv. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais mus rau hauv paus folders ob qho tib si los ntawm tus thawj tswj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xov tooj nws tus kheej, thiab los ntawm kev txuas lub cuab yeej rau lub PC lossis laptop. Qhib nws hauv "Kuv Lub Computer", koj yuav pom nyob rau hauv nplaub tshev system ntawm lub smartphone thiab lub hauv paus.
Pib, lo lus uas peb tab tom txiav txim siab txhais tau hais tias lub koom haum tswj hwm. Tom qab ntawd, lub tswv yim no tsiv mus rau cov ntaub ntawv ib puag ncig - nws pib hu ua folders, cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia nrog ntau yam ntaub ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, niaj hnub no hauv computer teb, lub tswv yim ntawm "cov ntawv teev npe" twb dhau los me ntsis lawm.
