Phonetics yog kev tshawb fawb ntawm suab

Phonetics yog kev tshawb fawb ntawm suab
Phonetics yog kev tshawb fawb ntawm suab
Anonim

Language yog ntau theem, uas tau muab faib ua qhov yooj yim thiab nyuaj subsystems lossis qib. Phonetics yog qib qis tshaj ntawm ib hom lus, raws li nws kawm txog nws cov chav nyob ib sab - suab, phonemes, supersegmental units, kev nyuaj siab thiab intonation. Nws lub npe los ntawm lo lus Greek, uas txhais tau hais tias suab, suab, suab, hais lus. Tsis tas li ntawd, phonetics yog ib ceg ntawm kev hais lus uas kawm txog ib qib ntawm cov lus thiab txhua yam uas cuam tshuam nrog nws: lub suab hais lus, lawv cov kev sib txuas thiab kev hloov ntawm qhov chaw, tsim cov suab los ntawm tus neeg hais lus thiab lawv txoj kev xav los ntawm tus mloog, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub suab plhaub ntawm cov lus feem ntau thiab cov qauv suab thiab cov lus hais ntawm txhua tus neeg hom lus. General phonetics kawm cov kev cai ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub suab plhaub nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, tsis hais hom lus twg. Private phonetics yog phonetics ntawm ib hom lus.

- keeb kwm thiab niaj hnub. Keeb kwm phonetics yog kev kawm txog cov kev cai hauv xov tooj uas tau ua hauv cov lus ntawm lub sijhawm sib txawv, thiab lawv cov kev cuam tshuam dab tsi tau khaws cia hauv cov lus txog tam sim no. Niaj hnub nimno phonetics kawm txog lub xeev ntawm ib theem ntawm cov lus tam sim no.

- theoretical thiab kev sim.

phoneticsQhov no
phoneticsQhov no

Phonetics tsis yog tsuas yog qib ntawm cov lus thiab ntu ntawm kev hais lus: qhov no kuj yog lub npe ntawm lub suab plhaub ntawm cov lus. Hauv qhov kev nkag siab no, nws tau kawm hauv cov hauv qab no:

1. Acoustic. Qhov no yog saib lub suab plhaub ntawm cov lus los ntawm txoj hauj lwm ntawm tus mloog. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg hnov qhov twg thaum pom cov ntaub ntawv hais lus raug tshawb xyuas. Lub acoustic nam piav qhia txog lub suab zoo: nws muaj qee lub suab, vibration zaus, timbre thiab lwm yam khoom siv lub cev.

2. Articulatory. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kawm ntawm no yog lub suab los ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm tus neeg hais lus, uas yog, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev ntawm kev hais lus hauv kev tsim cov suab nrov.

Lus Askiv phonetics
Lus Askiv phonetics

Phonetics txiav txim siab lub suab hauv peb yam:

- Lub cev. Nws suav nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub suab.

- Articulatory (anatomical thiab physiological). Nws suav nrog anatomical thiab physiological yam ntxwv ntawm kev hais lus, articulatory zog ntawm lub suab, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hais lus apparatus, faib cov vowels thiab consonants nyob rau hauv ntau hom lus.

- Phonological (social). Nyob rau theem no, muaj kev sib txuas ntawm lub suab thiab tib neeg kev nco qab. Lub hauv paus chav tsev ntawm qib no yog lub xov tooj, uas yog hom suab uas khaws cia hauv lub siab, nrog rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv suab thiab qhov kev xav no.

Spanish phonetics
Spanish phonetics

Txawm hais tias cov cuab yeej sib txuas lus ntawm txhua haiv neeg tau teeb tsa tib yam nkaus, cov lus sib txawv sib txawv ntawm ib leeg twb nyob hauv lub suab. Piv txwv li, lus Askiv phonetics, tsis zoo li Lavxias teb sab, tsis paub stunning ntawm voiced consonants ua ntej cov lag ntseg, thiab ntxiv mus: raunws yog ib lub cim semantic. Tsis tas li nyob rau hauv lus Askiv, zoo li nyob rau hauv ib co lwm yam, ntev thiab luv vowels yog txawv, uas nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab tsis nqa ib tug semantic load. Thiab Spanish phonetics tswj tau ob qho tib si yam tsis muaj zog tsis muaj zog vowels, thiab tsis softening consonants ua ntej vowels thiab e. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj suab y hauv lus Mev.

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