Nyob rau xyoo 1618, Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1 (11), tom qab kev sim ua tsis tiav ntawm Poles los coj Moscow, qhov kev pom zoo tau xaus ntawm Russia thiab Tebchaws Meskas hauv lub zos Deulino. Qhov kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb no tau tsim lub sijhawm tsis muaj tsov rog ntawm 14.5 xyoo. Qhov kev pom zoo tau poob hauv keeb kwm raws li Deulin Truce.
Start of war
Tau, 1609 suav tias yog qhov pib ntawm kev ua tsov rog Lavxias-Polish. Thawj xyoo ntawm kev ua tub rog kev sib tw ua tau zoo heev rau cov tub rog Polish-Lithuanian. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm 1609 mus 1612 lawv kov yeej thiab tsim lawv lub hwj chim nyob rau hauv ib tug loj cheeb tsam ntawm lub sab hnub poob ntawm Russia. Cov cheeb tsam no kuj suav nrog lub fortress loj tshaj plaws ntawm Smolensk thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm Russia nyob rau hauv cov xyoo ntawd yog tsis ruaj tsis khov. Tom qab Vasily Shuisky raug rhuav tshem, tsoomfwv ib ntus tau los ua lub zog, suav nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tsev neeg boyar. Ntawm lawv, thaum Lub Yim Hli 1610, kev pom zoo tau kos npe rau ntawm erection ntawm Polish tub huabtais Vladislav Vasa mus rau lub zwm txwv ntawm Lavxias teb sab thiab qhia txog ib tug Polish garrison rau Moscow. Txawm li cas los xij, cov no tsis yog cov phiaj xwm.destined kom muaj tseeb. Nyob rau hauv 1611-1612, ib tug tub rog tau tsim nyob rau hauv Moscow, hais lus nrog sharply anti-Polish views. Cov tub rog no tswj hwm thawj zaug thawb cov tub rog Polish-Lithuanian tawm ntawm thaj tsam Moscow, thiab tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1613-1614, los ntawm ntau lub nroog Lavxias loj.
thib ob sim
Nyob rau xyoo 1616, Vladislav Vaza koom nrog Lithuanian hetman Jan Chodkiewicz thiab rov sim ua lub zwm txwv Lavxias. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias thaum lub sij hawm nws twb zwm rau Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov. Cov tub rog ntawm cov tub rog sib koom ua ke muaj hmoo: lawv tau tswj hwm kev ywj pheej Smolensk, los ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias, thiab tsiv mus rau hauv av mus rau Mozhaisk. Tom qab tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Ukrainian Cossacks nyob rau hauv 1618 nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Hetman Petro Sahaydachny, cov tub rog ntawm lub tebchaws mus txog Moscow. Tom qab kev ua tsis tiav ntawm lub nroog Lavxias, cov tub rog Polish-Lithuanian rov qab mus rau thaj tsam ntawm Trinity-Sergius Monastery. Pyotr Sahaidachny nrog nws cov neeg tawm mus rau thaj tsam Kaluga. Raws li qhov xwm txheej, Russia, uas nyuam qhuav dhau los ntawm Lub Sijhawm Teebmeem thiab kev ua tsov rog ntawm ob sab, raug yuam kom kos npe rau kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo.
Thawj theem ntawm kev txiav txim siab daim ntawv cog lus
Tus Dej Presnya tau suav tias yog qhov pib ntawm kev sib tham. Lawv tau tshwm sim hauv 1618, thaum Lub Kaum Hli 21 (31). Thawj lub rooj sib tham tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau. Cov tog neeg tau ua qhov xav tau ntau tshaj plaws ntawm ib leeg. Yog li, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Vladislav Vaz tau hais kom lees paub nws tsuas yog tsar Lavxias tiag tiag thiab tau thov. Kev hloov pauv nyob rau hauv nws cov thawj coj ntawm Pskov, Novgorod thiab Tver thaj av. Cov Russians, nyob rau hauv lem, insisted rau tam sim ntawd rov qab los ntawm tag nrho cov cheeb tsam thiab tshem tawm cov yeeb ncuab pab tub rog los ntawm Russia. Lub rooj sib tham thib ob, uas tau tshwm sim rau lub Kaum Hlis 23 (Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2), 1618, tau ua tiav zoo dua. Lavxias teb sab tau thov kom muaj nees nkaum xyoo kev sib tw, pom zoo kom muab Roslavl thiab Smolensk rov qab los. Sab Polish tsis kam lees qhov kev thov ntawm Vladislav Vaza rau lub zwm txwv Lavxias, tab sis tib lub sijhawm thov kom muab cov av rau Pskov. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Lub Tebchaws tau hais kom rov qab los ntawm tag nrho cov cheeb tsam yav dhau los tau kov yeej Lithuanian thiab them rov qab tag nrho cov nuj nqis uas tshwm sim thaum tsov rog.
theem ob
Tom qab cov tub rog Polish-Lithuanian tsiv mus rau thaj tsam ntawm Trinity-Sergius Monastery, kev sib tham txuas ntxiv mus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub sijhawm ua si tawm tsam ob tus neeg koom nrog hauv kev ua tub rog tsis sib haum xeeb. Cov tub rog Polish-Lithuanian tau ntsib teeb meem loj nrog kev muab zaub mov, qhov txias tuaj ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau dua. Kev cuam tshuam tsis tu ncua hauv cov nyiaj txiag tau ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus siab ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm mercenaries, nrog rau cov kev xav tau tshwm sim tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov tub rog. Nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem no, extortions thiab robberies ntawm cov pej xeem hauv zos los ntawm cov tub rog Polish-Lithuanian vam meej, lub Cossacks tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txawv nyob rau hauv no. Kev ua tsov ua rog tsis ntev los no muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub siab ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Moscow, qee tus ntawm cov neeg nyiam ntawm Polish tsar. Cov neeg nkees nkees ntawm Teeb meem thiab kev tsov kev rog. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib tham, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib tw tau pom zoo. Kev tsis pom zoo tshwm simraws li cov npe ntawm cov nroog pauv mus rau kev tswj hwm ntawm Lub Tebchaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, ob tog tsis tuaj yeem pom zoo rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib tw thiab lub zog ntawm Mikhail Romanov thiab Vladislav Vaza. Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 20 (30), 1618, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Lavxias teb sab Embassy tuaj txog hauv qab phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib tham peb hnub yog kev kos npe ntawm Deulin Truce. Lavxias teb sab, nyob rau hauv lub siab los ntawm Polish-Lithuanian tsoom fwv, yuav tsum tau tso tseg ib tug xov tooj ntawm nws xav tau thiab ua concessions.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb
Lub "Deulino truce" nrog Lub Tebchaws tau tsim rau lub sijhawm 14 xyoo thiab 6 lub hlis, uas yog txij lub Kaum Ob Hlis 25, 1619 txog rau Lub Rau Hli 25, 1633. Thaum lub sij hawm pov tseg ntawm lub Commonwe alth dhau: Smolensk, Roslavl, Dorogobuzh, Belaya, Serpeysk, Novgorod-Seversky, Trubchevsk, Chernihiv, Monastyrsky, nrog rau cov nyob ib ncig ntawm cov av. Cov nroog nram qab no raug xa rov qab mus rau Russia: Vyazma, Kozelsk, Meshchovsk, Mosalsk es tsis txhob ntawm cov nroog xws li Starodub, Pochepa, Nevel, Krasnoe, Sebezh, Popova Gora, suav nrog thaj av ib puag ncig. Lub "Deulino truce" nrog Poland muab rau kev hloov ntawm lub nroog qhia nyob rau hauv nws nrog lawv ib puag ncig mus txog rau thaum 1619, Lub Ob Hlis 15 (25). Ua ke nrog cov nroog thiab thaj av, cov neeg nyob thiab cov khoom nyob rau ntawm nws tau pauv mus. Txog rau tib hnub (1619, Lub Ob Hlis 15 (25)), tag nrho cov tub rog Polish-Lithuanian thiab Ukrainian tau tawm hauv thaj chaw ntawm Russia. Tsis tas li ntawd, "Deulino truce" tau muab rau kev sib pauv ntawm cov neeg raug txim ua tsov rog. Nws tau raug xaiv tsa thaum Lub Ob Hlis 15 (25), 1619. "DeulinskyNyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm daim ntawv cog lus armistice, lub Lavxias teb sab tsar tsis muaj lub npe ntawm lub Livonian, Smolensk thiab Chernigov rulers. Cov tub rog Polish-Lithuanian nyob rau hauv Mozhaisk, raug xa mus rau Russia, raws li cov nqe lus ntawm daim ntawv cog lus daim ntawv cog lus daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas ntawm ciam teb thaj av tau teem rau lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 1619. "Deulino Truce" muab txoj cai mus dawb txav nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub teb chaws. Qhov kev zam yog lub nroog ntawm Krakow, Vilna thiab Moscow, Vladislav Vaza tiv thaiv txoj cai raug xa mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb xws li Polish-Lithuanian xeev los ntawm Lavxias Tsar.
Historical value
Qhov Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Deulino hauv 1618 yog qhov kev ua tub rog loj tshaj plaws thiab kev nom kev tswv kev vam meej ntawm Tebchaws Meskas hauv kev tawm tsam nrog Russia. Cov ciam teb ntawm lub xeev Polish-Lithuanian tsiv mus rau sab hnub tuaj. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm los ntawm 1616 mus rau 1622, lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub Commonwe alth mus txog nws cov keeb kwm siab tshaj plaws (990 txhiab km²). Lub "Deulino truce" officially lees paub qhov kev thov rau lub zwm txwv Lavxias teb sab los ntawm tus huab tais Polish thiab Lithuanian prince. Rau Russia, kos npe rau ntawm daim ntawv cog lus armistice, thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, saib tsis tshua muaj neeg tsis zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov tseeb ua tsaug rau qhov kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog nrog cov tub rog Polish-Lithuanian uas tsim nyog nyob ntsiag to tom qab Lub Sijhawm Teebmeem tuaj rau hauv lub tebchaws. Ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, tau sib sau ua ke lub zog, Russia tau ua txhaum cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib tw los ntawm kev pib ua tsov rog Smolensk. Qhov tshwm sim yog qhov tsis lees paub tag nrho. Vladislav los ntawm kev thov mus rau lub zwm txwv. Russia thaum kawg muaj peev xwm rov qab tau nws thaj av poob tsuas yog thaum Tsov Rog Russia-Polish xyoo 1654-1667.
