Peb txhua tus paub tias tub rog Polish yog dab tsi. Cov kev kawm keeb kwm tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tsis nco qab lawm. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, peb yuav nco qab txog keeb kwm ntawm cov tub rog Polish nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav zoo dua muaj cov ntaub ntawv thiab to taub lub chav kawm ntawm ib co keeb kwm txheej xwm. Lub ncauj lus no yuav nthuav heev tsis yog rau cov neeg keeb kwm nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj rau txhua tus neeg uas xav paub txog keeb kwm ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm tsov rog.
Polish Army yog dab tsi?
Nws sawv cev rau kev sib koom ua tub rog lossis tub rog. Keeb kwm ntawm Polish Army pib nyob rau hauv lub USSR nyob rau hauv 1944. Cov tub rog muaj feem ntau ntawm Poles. Kuj tseem muaj ntau tus tub rog zoo tib yam ntawm USSR Armed Forces ntawm ntau haiv neeg. Hauv cov ntaub ntawv raug cai thiab xaj nws muaj lub npe "1st Polish Army".
Cov tub rog tau koom nrog Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj, thiab tshwj xeeb hauv cov haujlwm hauv qab no:
- Lublin-Brest.
- Warsaw-Poznan.
- East Pomeranian.
- Berlin.
pib zaj dab neeg
Kev tsim tub rog tau tsim nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1944 los ntawm cov tub rog uas tau ua haujlwm hauv Polish Corps. Nws tau tsim ib xyoos ua ntej. Infantry faib lawv. T. Kosciuszkoua lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov corps. Tsis tsuas yog Poles tuaj yeem koom nrog pab tub rog. Nws kuj tau qhib rau cov pej xeem Soviet nrog cov hauv paus hniav Polish. Lub Soviet Union tau tsim cov tub rog no tiag tiag thiab muab kev txhawb nqa tub rog zoo. Sigmund Berling los ua tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog.
Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm tib lub xyoo, cov tub rog Polish tau txais cov tub rog tshiab. 52 txhiab tus neeg tuaj txog, hmoov tsis, tsis muaj ntau tshaj 300 tus tub ceev xwm ntawm lawv. Muaj cov tub rog tsawg dua, thiab lawv tsuas yog ua haujlwm hauv pab tub rog ua ntej Polish. Tag nrho cov no ua rau muaj qhov teeb meem tam sim no dhau los ntawm qhov tsis muaj cov tub ceev xwm muaj peev xwm.
Tam sim lub caij ntuj sov, Cov Tub Rog Polish tuaj yeem khav tau: cov tub rog, cov tub rog, cov tub rog tiv thaiv dav hlau, 2 tub rog huab cua thiab 4 tub rog tub rog. Los ntawm 1944, cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj txog 90 txhiab tus neeg.
Pib kev tawm tsam
Lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1944, kev ua phem tau pib. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tam sim ntawd tias cov tub rog Polish tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. Kev ua tub rog tau ua tiav raws li kev coj ua haujlwm ntawm 1st Belorussian Front. Thaum kawg ntawm lub hli, ib feem ntawm cov tub rog hla tus kab mob Western. Yog li ntawd, cov tub rog tau nkag mus rau thaj chaw ntawm Poland. Nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj ntawm tib lub xyoo, lub 1st Army ntawm lub Polish Army merged nrog cov neeg lub Army (partisan pab tub rog). Tsuas yog tom qab qhov xwm txheej no, cov tub rog tau pib hu ua Pawg Tub Rog Polish, tab sis thawj lub npe tseem tseem tshwm sim hauv cov ntaub ntawv.
Thaum txog thaum ntawd twb muaj 100 txhiab lawmcov tub rog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kwv yees li 2,500 tus tub rog hluas tau raug cob qhia ua tub ceev xwm, thiab kwv yees li 600 tus ua tub rog. Cov tub rog muaj kwv yees li 60,000 lub tshuab phom thiab phom, muaj txog 4,000 lub tshuab phom, 779 xov tooj cua, 170 lub tsheb, 66 lub dav hlau.
Kev Sib Tw
Thaum Lub Xya Hli 1944, 1st Polish Tank Corps tau tsim los ua ib feem ntawm Tub Rog, txib los ntawm Colonel Jan Rupasov. Lub sijhawm no, cov tub rog Polish tau tswj kom tau mus rau sab hnub tuaj ntug dej ntawm Vistula, uas yog qhov pib ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua kom kov yeej thaj av sab laug. Ib me ntsis tom qab, cov tub rog tau tawm tsam ntawm Magnushevsky choj taub hau. Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias cov tub rog armored twb paub rau peb tau tawm tsam nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm tus dej rau lub taub hau ntawm Studzyansky.
Lub Yim Hli 1944, Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev ywj pheej hauv tebchaws Polish tau tshaj tawm tsab cai tswjfwm, uas tau muab rau cov tub ntxhais hluas uas yug xyoo 1921-1924 rau hauv tub rog. Tag nrho cov tub rog tshwj xeeb, cov tub ceev xwm thiab cov tub ceev xwm uas haum rau kev pabcuam kuj raug hu tuaj. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev txiav txim no, tsuas yog ob peb lub hlis xwb, cov tub rog ntawm Poland tau ntxiv nrog ntau lub kaum os cov tub rog tshiab tuaj. Kwv yees li ntawm 100 txhiab tus neeg raug hu los ntawm thaj chaw ywj pheej ntawm Poland, tus so ntawm USSR. Thaum kawg ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1944, muaj txog 11,500 tus tub rog los ntawm USSR hauv Polish Army.
Qhov tseeb nthuav yog tias cov tub rog muaj tus thawj coj ua haujlwm nrog cov koom haum nom tswv thiab cov tub ceev xwm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog, Petr Yaroshevich, tau los ua tus thawj tswj hwm yav tom ntej. Poland.
Liberation of Warsaw
Xyoo 1944, thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, cov tub rog Polish tuaj yeem tawm tsam Prague. Tom qab ntawd, qhov kev xav tsis zoo tau ua rau yuam lub Vistula, uas ua tsis tiav. Thaum lub caij ntuj no xyoo 1945, cov tub rog tau koom nrog hauv kev tiv thaiv lub peev ntawm Poland. Cov tub rog Polish hauv Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II hauv qhov haujlwm no tau ua raws li hauv qab no:
- cov tub rog tseem ceeb hla lub Vistula;
- 2nd Infantry Division tau koom nrog yuam lub Vistula, nws yog nws uas tau pib ua haujlwm los tawm tsam Warsaw los ntawm sab qaum teb;
- Lub Soviet 31st Special Division of Armored Trains thiab 6th Infantry Division of the Polish Army hla lub Vistula ze Prague.
Raws li kev sib ntaus sib tua ntev thiab ntev rau lub Ib Hlis 17, 1945, Warsaw tau muaj kev ywj pheej.
Ib me ntsis tom qab, cov tub rog Polish tau tso tawm Bydgoszcz, ua haujlwm txhawm rau txhawm rau hla lub hauv paus ntawm Poland. Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, cov tub rog tseem ceeb tau tsom mus rau kev tawm tsam ntawm Kolberg. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, Thawj Polish Armored Brigade tau tawm tsam Gdansk ua ib feem ntawm East Pomeranian ua haujlwm. Cov tub rog nres hauv Stettin suav cov kev poob. Lawv suav txog kwv yees li 3,000 tus ploj lawm thiab 5,400 tus neeg tuag.
Los ntawm 1945, cov tub rog loj yog 200,000 tus neeg. Tus lej no yog 10 ntawm tag nrho cov tub rog uas tau koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm Berlin. Thaum nws siv, cov tub rog Polish poob txog 7,000 tus neeg tua thiab 4,000 ploj lawm.
Pab ntawm USSR
Nws tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej qhov tseeb tias Soviet Union tau nqis peev ntaucov khoom siv thiab tib neeg cov peev txheej hauv kev tsim cov tub rog. Nyob rau hauv 1944, lub Soviet Union tau xa mus rau lub Polish tub rog units txog 200,000 carbines thiab phom, nrog rau ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm anti-aircraft, lub teeb thiab tshuab rab phom, anti-tank phom, submachine phom, mortars, tso tsheb hlau luam, armored tsheb thiab. dav hlau. Thiab qhov no yog yog tias koj tsis coj mus rau hauv tus account lub ntes thiab cob qhia riam phom. Thaum lub sijhawm thib ob ntawm xyoo 1944, cov tsev kawm ntawv Soviet tau kawm ntau dua 5,000 tus tub rog Polish.
Reaction
Tib lub sijhawm, hauv tebchaws Askiv, tsoomfwv Polish raug tshem tawm, nrog rau cov neeg txhawb nqa hauv tebchaws Poland (Tsev Tub Rog Hauv Tsev), tau hnov qab qhov tsis zoo rau qhov tseeb tias Polish cov tub rog tsim tawm hauv thaj chaw. ntawm USSR. Lawv tau hais lus tsis zoo txog cov haujlwm no hauv USSR. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau hais nyob rau hauv xovxwm, qhov uas muaj cov lus hais tias cov tub rog Beurling tsis yog ib pab tub rog Polish, thiab tseem hais tias cov tub rog Polish yog ib tug mercenary unit nyob rau hauv lub Soviet pab tub rog.
Zoo kawg li tsab xov xwm, cia peb hais tias cov tub rog no muaj keeb kwm zoo. Nws tau koom nrog ntau yam haujlwm tseem ceeb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog Soviet Union uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim thiab tswj cov tub rog. Cov tub rog tau dhau los ua piv txwv ntawm yuav ua li cas cov tub rog tuaj yeem koom nrog cov tub rog thaum xav tau. Peb cov neeg muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb nrog cov Poles, tab sis tseem tsim nyog lees paub tias peb yog cov neeg nyob ze.
