Cov lus tshaj lij: kev kawm thiab siv

Cov txheej txheem:

Cov lus tshaj lij: kev kawm thiab siv
Cov lus tshaj lij: kev kawm thiab siv
Anonim

Qee lub sij hawm peb pom peb tus kheej hauv ib lub zej zog ntawm cov neeg uas peb feem ntau hnov cov lus tsis paub thiab nyuaj. Tsis nkag siab lawv lub ntsiab lus, peb xav tias me ntsis tawm ntawm qhov chaw thaum cov lus no xa ncaj qha rau peb. Cov lus uas qhia txog cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb thiab tshwm sim los ntawm txhua ceg ntawm kev paub yog cov lus tshaj lij.

Definition of professional vocabulary

hom lus no yog cov lus tshwj xeeb lossis kev hloov ntawm kev hais lus, cov kab lus uas nquag siv hauv txhua qhov haujlwm ntawm tib neeg. Cov lus no yog cais me ntsis, txij li lawv tsis siv los ntawm ib pawg loj ntawm lub teb chaws cov pej xeem, tsuas yog los ntawm ib feem me me uas tau txais kev kawm tshwj xeeb. Cov lus ntawm cov lus tshaj lij yog siv los piav lossis piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab cov xwm txheej, cov cuab yeej ntawm ib txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb, cov khoom siv raw, qhov kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab lwm yam.

cov lus tshaj lij
cov lus tshaj lij

Qhov chaw ntawm hom lus no hauv cov lus siv los ntawm ib lub tebchaws twg

Muaj ntau cov lus nug tseem ceeb hais txog ntau yam ntawm kev tshaj lij uas cov kws paub lus tseem tab tom kawm. Ib tug ntawm lawv: “Lub luag haujlwm thiab qhov chaw ntawm kev tshaj lij yog dab tsicov lus nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws lus system?"

cov lus ntawm cov lus tshaj lij
cov lus ntawm cov lus tshaj lij

Ntau tus sib cav tias kev siv cov lus tshaj lij yog tsim nyog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib qho tshwj xeeb, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem hu ua lub teb chaws. Txij li thaum tsim cov lus tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv feem ntau tshwm sim artificially, raws li nws cov qauv, nws tsis haum rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov lus siv. Nws lub ntsiab feature yog hais tias xws lus yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm natural kev sib txuas lus ntawm tib neeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsim thiab tsim cov lus hauv tebchaws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev, uas tsis tuaj yeem hais txog cov kws tshaj lij lexical units. Txog niaj hnub no, linguists thiab linguists pom zoo tias cov lus tshaj lij tsis yog hom lus, tab sis nws muaj nws tus qauv thiab tus yam ntxwv.

Qhov txawv ntawm cov lus tshaj lij thiab cov ntsiab lus

Tsis yog txhua tus neeg zoo tib yam paub tias cov lus thiab cov lus ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb txawv ntawm ib leeg. Ob lub ntsiab lus no txawv ntawm lawv qhov kev txhim kho keeb kwm. Terminology tau tshwm sim tsis ntev los no, cov lus ntawm cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub thiab kev tshawb fawb hais txog lub tswv yim no. Cov lus tshaj lij tau mus txog qhov kawg ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom siv tes ua.

cov lus piv txwv ua haujlwm
cov lus piv txwv ua haujlwm

Tsis tas li, cov ntsiab lus txawv ntawm lawv txoj kev siv. Terminology yog siv rau hauv kev tshaj tawm kev tshawb fawb, kev tshaj tawm, kev sib tham, cov koom haum tshwj xeeb. Hauv lwm lo lus, nws yog lus nom tswvkev kawm tshwj xeeb. Cov lus ntawm kev tshaj lij yog siv "semi-officially", uas yog, tsis yog hauv cov ntawv tshwj xeeb lossis cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb. Cov kws tshaj lij ntawm ib qho kev tshaj lij tuaj yeem siv nws hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab nkag siab ib leeg, thaum nws yuav nyuaj rau tus neeg tsis paub txog kev kawm lawv tau hais. Cov lus tshaj lij, cov piv txwv uas peb yuav xav txog hauv qab no, muaj qee qhov kev tawm tsam rau cov lus siv.

  1. Lub xub ntiag ntawm kev xav xim ntawm kev hais lus thiab kev xav - tsis muaj kev qhia thiab kev xav, nrog rau kev xav ntawm cov ntsiab lus.
  2. Cov lus tshwj xeeb yog txwv rau kev sib tham - cov ntsiab lus yog ywj pheej ntawm kev sib txuas lus ib txwm.
  3. Qee yam ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm cov qauv ntawm kev sib txuas lus kev tshaj lij - kev sib txuas lus meej rau cov qauv ntawm cov lus tshaj lij.

Raws li cov yam ntxwv saum toj no ntawm cov ntsiab lus thiab cov lus tshaj lij, ntau tus kws tshaj lij nyiam txoj kev xav uas yav tas los hais txog cov lus tshaj lij. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tswv yim no tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm kev sib piv nrog rau ib leeg (steering log - kauj, system unit - system unit, motherboard - motherboard thiab lwm yam).

Ntau hom lus hauv cov lus tshaj lij

Cov lus tshaj lij muaj ntau pawg lus:

  • kev tshaj lij;
  • technicisms;
  • professional jargon.

Kev tshaj lij yog cov lexical units uas tsis muaj tus cwj pwm tshawb fawb nruj. Lawv raug suav hais tias yog "ib nrab haujlwm" thiab xav tau los qhia txog txhua lub tswv yim lossis txheej txheem hauv kev tsim khoom,Cov khoom lag luam thiab cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv raw thiab lwm yam.

siv cov lus tshaj lij
siv cov lus tshaj lij

Technicisms yog cov lus ntawm cov lus tshaj lij uas tau siv los ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis thiab tsuas yog siv los ntawm ib lub voj voog ntawm tib neeg nkaus xwb. Lawv yog cov tshwj xeeb heev, uas yog, nws yuav tsis muaj peev xwm sib txuas lus nrog ib tug neeg uas tsis tau pib rau hauv ib tug tej yam profession.

Cov lus slang kev tshaj lij yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev txo cov xim xim. Qee lub sij hawm cov ntsiab lus no yog qhov tsis muaj tseeb, thiab tsuas yog tus kws tshaj lij hauv ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem nkag siab lawv.

Thaum twg yog cov lus tshaj lij siv hauv cov lus sau?

Ntau hom lus tshwj xeeb feem ntau siv tau hauv cov ntawv sau, hais lus thiab sau ntawv. Qee lub sij hawm kev tshaj lij, kev txawj ntse thiab kev tshaj lij tuaj yeem hloov cov ntsiab lus hauv cov lus tsim tsis zoo ntawm ib qho kev tshawb fawb.

cov lus tshaj lij muaj xws li
cov lus tshaj lij muaj xws li

Tab sis muaj qhov txaus ntshai ntawm kev siv dav dav ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hauv cov sijhawm ua haujlwm - nws yog qhov nyuaj rau tus tsis yog tus kws tshaj lij kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus ze, yog li ntau tus tuaj yeem ua yuam kev hauv cov txheej txheem, cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom lag luam. tshwj xeeb ntau lawm. Kev saturation ntau dhau ntawm cov ntawv nyeem nrog kev tshaj lij tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev nkag siab kom raug, lub ntsiab lus thiab cov qauv ploj rau tus nyeem.

Cov lus slang kws tshaj lij tsis tshua siv nyob rau hauv ib qho kev tshaj tawm. Hauv kev tshaj tawm kev tshawb fawb lawv tsis muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho, tab sis nyob rau hauv ntawv tseeb lawv yuav tshwm sim raws li ib tug characterological txhais tau tias. Cov hom no tsis tau txais cov caicharacter.

Yuav ua li cas cov kws tshaj lij tsim hauv hom lus no?

Cov ntsiab lus, tsis zoo li cov lus tshaj lij, raug tsim los ntawm peb txoj hauv kev:

  • Sib txuam - muab cov lus xaus, cov hauv paus hniav lossis cov lus ua ntej ntawm Latin, Greek cov lus thiab ntxiv cov lus Lavxias tsim nyog rau lawv. Piv txwv li, "monoblock" - "mono" ("ib, ib leeg") ntaus ntawv.
  • Rethinking - ib lo lus paub rau ntau tus (qee zaum hais txog lub ntsiab lus sib txawv) kho rau qee yam txheej txheem thiab raug kho hauv cov lus siv.
  • Kev qiv - cov lus los ntawm lwm yam lus yog siv los txhais peb lub tswv yim.
  • kev kawm ntawm cov lus tshaj lij
    kev kawm ntawm cov lus tshaj lij

Kev tsim cov lus tshaj lij tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua kom yooj yim ntawm cov ntsiab lus, lawv tuaj yeem ua cov lus luv luv los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntev. Ib yam li cov ntsiab lus, kev tshaj lij tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev sib piv, rov xav dua, qiv. Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev txo qis, kev xav lossis kev xav yuav raug pom (tus ntoo pecker yog lub laum rauj, ib daim hlau yog cov qauv hlau).

Piv txwv ntawm kev tshaj lij

Kev qiv thiab rov xav dua yog txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb uas tsim cov lus tshaj lij. Piv txwv ntawm hom lus tshwj xeeb yuav raug txiav txim siab hauv qab no.

Kev tshaj lij: montage - ib qho montage, so - ib pawg uas tau mus tom ntej, rub - nce toj siab, hauv qab daus - ib tsab xov xwm nyob hauv qab ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm.

Technicisms: ib nti - board ib nti tuab.

Professional slanglus: "koj puas tau haus luam yeeb?" - "tau nkag siab?", noodles - ob-xaim hlau.

Thaum twg cov lus tshwj xeeb tsis tsim nyog?

Kev siv cov kws tshaj lij tsis yog ib txwm muaj kev ncaj ncees. Txij li thaum lawv muaj cov xim sib xws, lawv siv hauv phau ntawv yeej tsis tsim nyog. Cov lus slang kev tshaj lij hauv cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tsis txhob siv txhua. Qhov no yog kev sib txuas lus tsis raws cai ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb, yog li lawv tsuas yog siv hauv kev hais lus xwb.

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