Nyob ntiaj teb no, muaj ntau lub pob zeb sib txawv. Qee tus ntawm lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws, yog li lawv tau muab tso ua ke hauv pawg loj. Piv txwv li, ib tug ntawm lawv yog carbonate pob zeb. Nyeem txog lawv cov piv txwv thiab kev faib tawm hauv kab lus.
Kev faib tawm los ntawm keeb kwm
Cov pob zeb Carbonate tau tsim nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Muaj plaub txoj hauv kev los tsim cov pob zeb no.
- Los ntawm tshuaj lom neeg poob. Yog li, dolomites thiab marls, limestones thiab siderite tshwm sim.
- Cov pob zeb xws li algal thiab coral limestones tau tsim los ntawm cov organogenic sediments.
- Sandstones thiab conglomerates tsim los ntawm cov khib nyiab.
- Recrystallized pob zeb yog qee hom dolomite thiab marble.
qauv ntawm cov pob zeb carbonate
Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas cov pob zeb tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm raug xaiv yog lawv cov qauv. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov pob zeb carbonate yog lawv cov granularity. Qhov kev ntsuas no cais cov tsiaj ua ntau hom:
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg.
- Zoo.
Properties
Vim qhov tseeb tias muaj ntau cov pob zeb carbonate-hom pob zeb, txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj nws tus kheej cov khoom, uas nws tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tsim khoom thiab kev lag luam. Dab tsi yog lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm pob zeb carbonate paub rau tib neeg?
- zoo solubility hauv acids. Limestones yaj nyob rau hauv lub xeev txias, thiab magnesite thiab siderite - tsuas yog thaum rhuab. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshwm sim zoo ib yam.
- High te tiv thaiv thiab hluav taws kub zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm ntau cov pob zeb carbonate.
Limestone pob zeb
Txhua lub pob zeb carbonate muaj cov zaub mov calcite, magnesite, siderite, dolomite, nrog rau ntau yam impurities. Vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, cov pob zeb loj no tau muab faib ua peb qhov me me. Ib tug yog limestone.
Lawv lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog calcite, thiab nyob ntawm cov impurities, lawv muab faib ua xuab zeb, clayey, siliceous thiab lwm yam. Lawv muaj textures sib txawv. Qhov tseeb yog tias ntawm cov kab nrib pleb ntawm lawv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg tuaj yeem pom cov kab nrib pleb thiab cov dej nag, cov kua ntsev ntsev uas yog soluble, nrog rau cov kab nrib pleb. Limestones tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm cov xim. Cov xim tseem ceeb yog beige, greyish lossis yellowish, thaum lub impurities yog liab, ntsuab lossis xim av.
Ntau tshajCov pob zeb limestone yog raws li nram no:
- Chalk yog pob zeb mos mos uas rub tau yooj yim. Nws tuaj yeem tawg ntawm tes los yog hauv av ua hmoov. Nws suav hais tias yog hom cemented limestone. Chalk yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb uas siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv cement.
- txiv qaub tuffs yog pob zeb xoob xoob. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim. Plhaub yuav luag tib lub ntsiab lus.
Dolomite pob zeb
Dolomitic yog pob zeb nrog cov ntsiab lus dolomite ntau dua 50%. Feem ntau lawv muaj impurities ntawm calcite. Vim li no, ib tug tuaj yeem soj ntsuam qee qhov zoo sib xws thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm ob pawg pob zeb: dolomites thiab limestone.
Dolomites txawv ntawm limestone nyob rau hauv uas lawv muaj ib tug ntau pronounced brilliance. Lawv tsis soluble nyob rau hauv acids. Txawm tias qhov seem ntawm cov organic teeb meem tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv lawv. Cov xim ntawm dolomite yog sawv cev los ntawm ntsuab, pinkish, brownish thiab yellowish hues.
Dab tsi yog pob zeb dolomite ntau tshaj plaws? Qhov no, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, yuav pov - ib tug denser pob zeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj xim daj ntseg daj grnerite, nws tau siv dav hauv kev tsim sab hauv. Teruelite kuj yog ntau hom dolomite. Lub pob zeb no zoo kawg nkaus uas nws tshwm sim hauv qhov tsuas yog xim dub xwb, thaum lwm cov pob zeb ntawm pawg no tau pleev xim rau hauv cov duab ntxoov ntxoo.
Carbonate-argillaceous pob zeb, los yog marls
Cov pob zeb carbonatehom no suav nrog ntau cov av nplaum, uas yog, yuav luag 20 feem pua. Cov yug nws tus kheej nrog lub npe no muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke. Nws cov qauv tsim nyog muaj aluminosilicates (cov khoom siv av nplaum decomposition ntawm feldspar), nrog rau calcium carbonate hauv txhua daim ntawv. Carbonate-argillaceous pob zeb yog ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm limestones thiab av nplaum. Marls tuaj yeem muaj cov qauv sib txawv, ntom lossis tawv, hauv av lossis xoob. Feem ntau, lawv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ob peb txheej, txhua yam uas yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug tej yam muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Cov pob zeb zoo carbonate ntawm hom no yog siv los tsim cov pob zeb crushed. Marl, muaj gypsum impurities, tsis muaj nqi, yog li no ntau yam ntawm nws yuav luag tsis tau mined. Yog tias peb piv cov pob zeb no nrog lwm tus, feem ntau nws zoo li shale thiab siltstone.
Limestone
Txhua qhov kev faib tawm ntawm cov pob zeb carbonate muaj ib pawg hu ua "limestones". Lub pob zeb uas muab nws lub npe tau siv dav hauv ntau yam kev lag luam. Limestone yog pob zeb nrov tshaj plaws hauv nws pawg. Nws muaj ntau yam zoo, ua tsaug uas nws tau dhau los ua thoob plaws.
Muaj ntau xim ntawm limestone. Nws tag nrho nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg hlau oxides muaj nyob rau hauv pob zeb, vim hais tias nws yog cov tebchaw uas xim limestone nyob rau hauv ntau lub suab. Feem ntau cov no yog xim av, daj thiab liab ntxoov. Limestone yog ib lub pob zeb zoo nkauj, nws nyob hauv av nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg loj. Qee zaumtag nrho cov roob yog tsim, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm uas yog lub pob zeb no. Koj tuaj yeem pom cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg saum toj no nyob ze cov dej ntws nrog cov ntug dej khov. Koj tuaj yeem pom lawv zoo heev ntawm no.
Limestone muaj ntau yam khoom uas paub qhov txawv ntawm lwm cov pob zeb. Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev kom paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws uas koj tuaj yeem ua hauv tsev yog muab qee cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau nws, tsuas yog ob peb tee. Tom qab ntawd, cov suab nrov yuav hnov thiab cov pa roj yuav raug tso tawm. Lwm hom tsiaj tsis muaj qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau acetic acid.
Siv
Txhua pob zeb carbonate tau pom daim ntawv thov hauv qee qhov kev lag luam. Yog li, limestones, nrog rau dolomites thiab magnesites, yog siv nyob rau hauv metallurgy li fluxes. Cov no yog cov khoom siv hauv kev smelting ntawm hlau los ntawm ore. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, lub melting point ntawm ore yog txo, uas pab kom yooj yim cais hlau los ntawm cov pob zeb pov tseg.
Cov pob zeb carbonate li chalk yog paub rau txhua tus kws qhia ntawv thiab cov menyuam kawm ntawv, vim nws yog siv los sau rau ntawm daim ntawv dub. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov phab ntsa yog whitewashed nrog chalk. Nws kuj tseem siv los ua cov hmoov dentifrice, tab sis qhov hloov pauv pasta tam sim no nyuaj los ntawm.
Limestone yog siv los tsim cov dej qab zib, nitrogen chiv, thiab calcium carbide. Carbonate pob zeb ntawm ib yam ntawm cov nthuav qhia, piv txwv li, limestone, yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm thaj chaw, industrial thaj chaw, raws li zoo raws li txoj kev. Nws tau davkev faib khoom raws li cov khoom siv thiab cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke. Nws kuj tseem siv tau kom tau txais cov ntxhia pub ntxiv thiab kom saturate cov av nrog limestone. Lub tsev pob zeb yog tsim los ntawm nws, piv txwv li, crushed pob zeb thiab rubble. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cement thiab txiv qaub yog tsim los ntawm cov pob zeb no, uas tau siv dav hauv ntau hom kev lag luam, xws li metallurgical thiab tshuaj industries.
Nkauj
Muaj ntau yam pob zeb li cov neeg sau. Lawv muaj peev xwm tso cai rau lawv tuav dej, roj, roj, thiab tom qab ntawd muab lawv rov qab thaum lub sijhawm txhim kho. Vim li cas qhov no tshwm sim? Qhov tseeb yog tias ntau lub pob zeb muaj cov qauv ntxeem tau thiab qhov zoo no tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo heev. Nws yog vim lawv qhov porosity uas lawv tuaj yeem muaj cov roj thiab roj ntau ntau.
Carbonate pob zeb yog cov khoom zoo. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv lawv pab pawg yog dolomites, limestones, thiab chalk. 42 feem pua ntawm cov dej siv roj thiab 23 feem pua ntawm cov roj reservoirs yog carbonate. Cov pob zeb no tsuas yog thib ob tsuas yog cov neeg txaus ntshai xwb.
