Ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus yooj yim siv hauv physics yog qhov sib nqus. Nws ua rau txav cov nqi hluav taws xob. Nws yog imperceptible thiab tsis hnov los ntawm ib tug neeg, tab sis nws lub xub ntiag tuaj yeem ntes tau siv cov hlau nplaum lossis hlau. Nws kuj yog ib qho yooj yim to taub qhov twg magnetic teb hu ua homogeneous thiab inhomogeneous.
Kev txhais thiab txoj hauv kev txhawm rau txhawm rau ntsuas qhov sib nqus
Thaum peb ntsib lub tswvyim ntawm lub magnetic teb, peb muaj lus nug txog dab tsi ntawm magnetic teb nws yog, seb nws yog homogeneous los yog inhomogeneous. Ua ntej teb cov lus nug no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muab cov lus txhais thawj zaug.
Cov teb sib nqus yuav tsum suav tias yog ib yam tshwj xeeb uas muaj nyob ze ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob ze cov neeg xyuas pib nrog tam sim no. Yuav kuaj tau siv rab koob sib nqus lossis cov ntaub ntawv hlau.
Uniform teb
tshwm sim hauv pawghlau nplaum thiab nyob rau hauv lub solenoid, thaum nws qhov ntev yog ntau dua li txoj kab uas hla. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, raws li txoj cai gimlet, lub contours ntawm lub magnetic teb yuav raug coj counterclockwise.
Cov kab sib nqus yog sib npaug thiab ncaj, qhov khoob ntawm lawv ib txwm zoo ib yam, lub zog ntawm lub zog ntawm rab koob sib nqus tsis txawv ntawm txhua qhov ntawm nws qhov loj thiab kev taw qhia.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug inhomogeneous teb, cov hlau nplaum yuav khoov, lub void ntawm lawv yuav sib txawv nyob rau hauv loj, lub zog ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm lub sib nqus koob yuav txawv nyob rau hauv qhov loj thiab kev taw qhia ntawm txawv cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub zog ua yeeb yam ntawm tus xub muab tso rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm cov hlau nplaum ua haujlwm ntawm ntau lub ntsiab lus nrog lub zog sib txawv ntawm qhov loj thiab kev coj ua. Qhov no yog hu ua inhomogeneous teb. Cov kab ntawm daim teb no yog nkhaus, qhov zaus nws txawv ntawm taw tes rau taw tes.
Nws tuaj yeem tshawb pom qhov zoo li no nyob ze ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib ncaj nraim nrog tam sim no, cov hlau nplaum bar thiab solenoid.
Dab tsi yog cov kab sib nqus
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, thaum muaj teeb meem tshwm sim, ib tus yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb hom magnetic teb, homogeneous lossis inhomogeneous, tsim, ib tus yuav tsum kawm txog cov kab sib nqus, los ntawm cov duab uas cov yam ntxwv ua kom pom tseeb.
Kev piav qhia qhov chaw sib nqus, pib siv cov kab sib nqus. Lawv yog cov kev xav txog kab txaij raws ib rab koob sib nqus thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw sib nqus. Nws muaj peev xwm kos ib kab sib nqus los ntawm ib qho twgteb taw tes, nws yuav muaj kev taw qhia thiab ib txwm kaw.
Kev taw qhia
Lawv tawm ntawm tus ncej qaum teb ntawm cov hlau nplaum thiab mus rau sab qab teb. Nyob rau hauv lub hlau nplaum nws tus kheej, txhua yam yog nruj me ntsis rau qhov opposite. Cov kab lawv tus kheej tsis muaj qhov pib lossis qhov kawg, raug kaw lossis mus ntawm qhov kawg mus rau infinity.
Sab nraud ntawm cov hlau nplaum, cov kab yog nyob ze li ntawm cov ncej. Los ntawm qhov no nws tau pom tseeb tias cov nyhuv ntawm thaj teb yog qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws nyob ze ntawm tus ncej, thiab thaum koj txav deb ntawm hauv qab, nws tsis muaj zog. Muab hais tias cov kab txaij sib nqus yog nkhaus, cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub zog uas ua rau ntawm rab koob sib nqus kuj hloov.
Yuav ua li cas sau
Yuav kom nkag siab tias homogeneous magnetic teb txawv li cas ntawm cov inhomogeneous, koj yuav tsum kawm yuav ua li cas depict lawv siv magnetic kab.
Ib tug yuav tsum xav txog qhov piv txwv saum toj no ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib qho chaw sib nqus sib nqus nyob rau hauv lub npe hu ua solenoid, uas yog lub cylindrical hlau kauj los ntawm qhov tam sim no dhau mus. Nyob rau hauv nws, lub magnetic teb yuav suav hais tias yog ib yam, yog hais tias qhov ntev yog ntau dua li txoj kab uas hla (sab nraum lub coil, lub teb yuav tsis yog-uniform, cov hlau nplaum yuav nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug bar hlau nplaum)..
Daim teb niaj hnub tseem nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov. Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev txwv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, nws kuj tseem muaj peev xwm rov tsim dua ib qho chaw sib nqus, uas cov rog ua rau ntawm rab koob magnetized yuav zoo ib yam hauv qhov loj thiab kev taw qhia.
Kev piav qhia txog thaj chaw sib nqus, siv cov piv txwv hauv qab no. Yog cov kab nyobperpendicular mus rau lub dav hlau daim duab thiab qhia los ntawm tus saib, ces lawv yog depicted nrog crosses, yog nyob rau hauv viewer - nrog dots. Raws li qhov tam sim no, txhua tus ntoo khaub lig yog, zoo li nws tau, pom tus Tsov tus tw ntawm tus xub ya los ntawm tus saib, thiab qhov taw tes yog ntse dua tus xub uas ya mus rau peb.
Tsis tas li, qhov yuav tsum tau ua "Kaw ib qho chaw sib nqus thiab tsis sib xws" yooj yim ua tiav. Tsuas yog kos cov kab sib nqus no, coj mus rau hauv tus account cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim teb (kev sib txawv thiab kev sib haum xeeb).
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov muaj nyob ntawm thaj chaw tsis sib xws ua rau nyuaj rau txoj haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, tau txais ib qho txiaj ntsig ntawm lub cev uas siv cov kab zauv dav dav tsis zoo li.
Qhov txawv
Lo lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas homogeneous magnetic teb txawv ntawm inhomogeneous sawv daws yuav yooj yim heev muab. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws nyob ntawm cov kab sib nqus. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug uniform teb, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv yuav zoo ib yam, thiab lawv yuav sib npaug spaced, nrog tib lub zog ua rau cov twj paj nruag ntawm txhua qhov chaw. Rau cov teb inhomogeneous, txhua yam yog nruj me ntsis rau qhov opposite. Cov kab tsis sib npaug, nyob rau ntau qhov chaw lawv ua nrog lub zog sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv.
Hauv kev xyaum, thaj chaw tsis sib xws yog qhov muaj ntau, uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov, vim tias cov teb tsis sib xws tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ib yam khoom, xws li hlau nplaum lossis solenoid. Kev soj ntsuam sab nraum zoov yuav txhim kho heterogeneity.
Kev kuaj pom
Tau nkag siab tias qhov sib txawv thiab qhov sib nqus sib nqus yog dab tsi, thiab txhais lawvThaum disassembled, koj yuav tsum paub seb koj yuav nrhiav tau lawv li cas.
Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws rau qhov no yog qhov kev sim ua los ntawm Oersted. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv kev siv ib rab koob magnetic, uas yuav pab txiav txim seb lub hav zoov ntawm ib tug hluav taws xob tam sim no. Sai li qhov tam sim no txav mus raws tus neeg xyuas pib, tus xub nyob ze yuav txav mus, vim tias muaj qhov sib txawv thiab tsis sib xws.
Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov neeg tsav tsheb nrog tam sim no
Txhua tus neeg xyuas pib nrog tam sim no nws muaj nws qhov chaw sib nqus, uas ua haujlwm nrog lub zog ntawm qhov ze tshaj plaws. Nyob ntawm qhov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov tam sim no, cov conductors yuav nyiam los yog sib ntaus sib tua. Cov teb uas muaj keeb kwm los ntawm ntau qhov chaw yuav ntxiv thiab tsim ib daim teb uas tau tshwm sim.
Yuav tsim li cas thiab yog vim li cas
Piv txwv ntawm cov khoom siv sib nqus thiab tsis sib xws uas siv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cathode yog tsim los ntawm cov coils uas dhau tam sim no. Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov duab uas xav tau ntawm cov hlau nplaum, cov lus qhia txee thiab cov ntxaij vab tshaus sib nqus yog siv, ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj zog sib nqus permeability.
Txoj kev cuam tshuam ntawm inhomogeneous magnetic teb tuaj yeem hloov txoj hauv kev ntawm kev hloov pauv tsis tau lub cev thiab tshuaj phenomena, feem ntau yog txheej txheem heterogeneous. Cov tsos ntawm turbulent diffusion ua rau muaj kev nce los ntawm ntau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov loj hauv tus nqi ntawm cov pa txav los ntawm ib qho kua rau saum npoo hauv daim ntawv.microbubbles. Cov nyhuv ntawm lub cev qhuav dej hauv zos ntawm ions thiab cov khoom yog vim qhov kev siv zog ntawm cov txheej txheem microcrystalization. Hauv cov xov xwm ntws, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj zog tuaj yeem tsim cov dawb radicals, atomic oxygen, peroxides, thiab nitrogenous compounds. Coagulation tshwm sim, thiab cov khoom tshwm sim los ntawm erosive puas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov kua.
Thaum lub sijhawm hydrodynamic cavitation, qhov loj ntawm cov npuas thiab qhov tsua ua rau lawv nyuaj rau lawv cov entrainment los ntawm cov kua los ntawm qhov chaw uas tsis tshua muaj siab mus rau qhov chaw siab dua, qhov twg cov npuas vau. Thaum lub sijhawm tawg ntawm cov npuas me me, muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm huab cua tsawg thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj zog tshwm sim, zoo ib yam li cov plasma tso tawm. Lub xub ntiag ntawm inhomogeneous magnetic teb ua rau instability ntawm kab noj hniav, lawv disintegration thiab cov tsos ntawm me me-scale vortices thiab npuas. Muab hais tias lub siab ntawm qhov chaw ntawm xws li ib tug vortex yog txo, nws converts me me npuas npuas.
Thaum ntsuas induction nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw sib nqus tsis sib nqus, nco ntsoov tias Hall voltage yog proportional rau qhov nruab nrab tus nqi ntawm lub teb induction nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam bounded los ntawm lub nto ntawm lub transducer.
Txhawm rau tsom mus rau cov kab hluav taws xob tsis zoo, cov khoom sib nqus tsis sib xws kuj tseem siv, tsim los ntawm cov kauj luv luv, uas yog cov txheej txheem ntau yam solenoids, qhov ntev ntawm qhov sib txawv nrog lawv txoj kab uas hla. Ib qho hluav taws xob nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw no yuav raug quab yuam uas hloov nws txoj kev coj. Ib qho hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm xws li ib tug quab yuam mus rau lub axis ntawm lub lens, thaum lub dav hlau nyob rau hauv uas nws trajectory nyob.khoov. Cov hluav taws xob txav mus raws ib qho kauv ntu uas cuam tshuam cov axis ntawm lub lens ntawm ib qho taw tes.
Qhov spatial nce ntxiv yog tshwm sim los ntawm spatial dispersal ntawm inhomogeneous teb nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam ntawm heterogeneous system ntxuav nrog kua. Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov pej xeem inversion ntawm qib los ntawm txoj kev sib cais, cov teb tsis sib xws uas tsim los ntawm cov hlau nplaum sib nqus tau siv. Cov duab ntawm tus ncej zoo ib yam li cov pas nrig hauv quadrupole capacitor ntawm ammonia-based molecular generator.
Uss
Txoj kev sib nqus-kev txiav txim ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg yog ua raws li kev sib nqus ntawm cov khoom sib nqus los ntawm lub zog ntawm cov teb tsis sib xws uas tshwm sim saum qhov tsis xws luag. Kev sib sau ntawm cov hmoov zoo li no txiav txim siab qhov muaj qhov tsis xws luag, nws qhov loj thiab txoj haujlwm ntawm qhov raug kuaj xyuas.
Ib qhov sib cais me me yog suav tias yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev siv hluav taws xob molecular uas siv cov hlau nplaum tsis sib haum. Muaj ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim thiab zoo li implausible los ua kom cov nyhuv no. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm lub teeb sab nraud magnetic teb. Lub tom kawg yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom thaj tsam ntawm kev siv nuclear precessional magnetometers mus rau non-uniform magnetic teb.
Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm txoj kev no yog nws qhov kev daws teeb meem siab, uas ua rau nws tuaj yeem ntes cov hlau nplaum tsis sib xws nrog qhov loj ntawm cov khoom sib nqus ntawm daim kab xev, nrog rau kev muaj peev xwm nrhiav kev puas tsuaj ntawm complex nto thiab nyob rau hauv nruj qhib.
Qhov tsis zoo yogQhov kev xav tau rau kev ua haujlwm thib ob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, tsuas yog cov khoom ntawm cov hlau nplaum sib nqus raws cov kab xev raug kho, qhov nyuaj ntawm demagnetization thiab khaws cia ntawm daim kab xev, thiab nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm sab nraud magnetic teb.
Uniform thiab inhomogeneous magnetic teb yog qhov muaj ntau, txawm tias qhov tseeb tias lawv tsis pom qhov nruab nrab layman. Piv txwv ntawm cov hlau nplaum tsis sib xws thiab tsis sib xws tuaj yeem pom hauv cov hlau nplaum bar thiab solenoids. Tib lub sijhawm, koj tuaj yeem pom lawv siv rab koob sib nqus yooj yim lossis cov ntaub ntawv hlau.
