Dab tsi yog qhov ua ntej? Tsis txhob tsis meej pem los ntawm lo lus txawv teb chaws - nws tsuas yog ib tug prefix, uas, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lus Askiv thiab lwm yam lus, koj muaj peev xwm hloov lub ntsiab lus ntawm ib lo lus. Peb tsab xov xwm tham txog cov ncauj lus no kom ntxaws, muab piv txwv ntawm kev siv, nrog rau ib lub rooj thiab kev txhais lus ntawm cov feem ntau siv ua ntej, tab sis tsis yog tag nrho - muaj ntau ntau ntawm lawv ua lus Askiv. Tau kawm lub ntsiab lus "Prefix", qhov ua haujlwm ntawm qhov uas, raws li peb twb pom lawm, tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li kev tsim cov lus, koj yuav ntxiv koj cov kev paub thiab txhawb koj cov lus. Qee cov lus sau ua ntej yog cov neeg Askiv keeb kwm, piv txwv li a-, mis-, fore-, nruab nrab-, thiab qee qhov yog Latin, ntawm no yog qee qhov ntawm lawv anti-, contra-, (los ntawm txoj kev, cov npe no kuj tuaj yeem pom hauv Russian), dis-. Saib hauv qab no kom paub ntau ntxiv.
Prefixes in English
Thaum peb twb paub tias lub ntsiab lus ntawm dab tsiprefixes ua lus Askiv (lo lus tsim), cia peb saib cov piv txwv ntawm lawv siv:
coj qhov kev pom zoo - pom zoo, siv qhov sib ntxiv dis- rau nws thaum pib ntawm lo lus, peb tau txais (rau) tsis pom zoo - tsis pom zoo, qhia tsis pom zoo;los yog, piv txwv li, cov lus hais tsis tu ncua - zoo tib yam, tab sis nrog cov lus ua ntej ir- peb tau txais tsis xwm yeem - txawv txawv, atypical. Koj pom, paub tias lub npe ua ntej yog dab tsi thiab nws txhais li cas, koj tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau thiab ua rau nws ua ib lo lus tawm tsam tag nrho.
| npe npe | Meaning | Examples with translation |
| pro- | tawm tsam ib yam, tawm tsam ib yam | pro-life (pro-life) |
| anti- | cuav, opposite, piv rau ib yam dab tsi | tiv thaiv tus phab ej (tus cwj pwm tsis zoo, piv txwv li hauv yeeb yaj kiab); Antichrist (antichrist) |
| contra - | tawm tsam nrog txhua yam | contraflow (kawm khiav ntawm tsheb), contraception (contraception) |
| counter- | tseem siv rau hauv kev nkag siab ntawm kev tawm tsam ib yam rau ib yam | tus piv txwv (piv txwv piv txwv, txawv ntawm qhov tus nrog sib tw muab), tawm tsam - tawm tsam (uas yog, tawm tsam tus nrog sib ntaus) |
| a- | nquag siv txhais tias "tsis yog" | amoral (kev tsis ncaj ncees, uas yog, tus neeg tsis ua raws li kev coj ncaj ncees), kev tsis ncaj ncees(apolitical, uas yog, tawm ntawm nom tswv) |
| dis- | tsis lees txais dab tsi | tsis ntseeg (tsis ntseeg), tsis pom zoo (tsis pom zoo); yog vim li cas thiaj tseem ceeb kom paub tias lub npe ua ntej yog dab tsi - nws hloov lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus qub tag nrho |
| in-/im- | tseem txhais tias "tsis yog" | tsis raug cai (tsis raug cai), ua tsis tau (tsis tuaj yeem), tsis muaj peev xwm (tsis muaj peev xwm) |
| non-/un- | "tsis" | tsis yog qhov xwm txheej (tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb); tsis ncaj ncees (unfair) |
| extra- | siv txhais tau tias " dhau" | extrasensory (extrasensory), extraordinary (extraordinary) |
| in- | "nyob rau hauv ib yam dab tsi", "nyob qhov twg" | hauv tsev (hauv tsev, sab hauv tsev), sib sau ua ke - sau |
| im-/il-/ir | tag nrho peb lub npe txhais tau tias "nruab nrab" | immirate (kev nkag tebchaws, uas yog, txav ntawm lub tebchaws), ntshuam (ntshuam) |
| mid- | "medium" | midfield (nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw ncaws pob), nruab nrab (ib nrab) |
| out- | "ntawm", "tawm" | outlook (outlook), outnumber (outnumbered) |
| under- | siv txhais tau tias tsis muaj dab tsi | underpayment (underpayment), underwork (siv tsis txaus, piv txwv li, ntawm tej kev pab) |
| un- | prefix qhia qhov tawm tsam ntawm qee qhov kev txiav txim lossis xeev | tsis paub (tsis paub), tsis xis nyob (tsis xis nyob), unpack (khoom khoom) |
| pre- | "rau ib yam" | prepay (prepayment), saib ua ntej (preview) |
Thaum kawm lus Askiv, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias lub npe ua ntej yog dab tsi, nws txhais li cas, thiab siv nws li cas hauv kev xyaum. Nws tau pom ntau zaus ob qho tib si hauv kev hais lus txhua hnub, hauv cov ntawv tseeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb, yog li thaum xub thawj khaws cov lus saum toj no ntawm koj ob lub qhov muag, xyaum siv nws, thiab koj cov lus, nrog rau koj cov lus, yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Qhov no yog ib lub ntsiab lus yooj yim heev, feem ntau nws yuav siv sij hawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ob peb teev los ua kom tiav.
