Kev hais lus yog qhov chaw tseem ceeb hauv tib neeg lub neej. Nrog kev pab los ntawm nws, tib neeg sib txuas lus, qhia thiab tau txais cov ntaub ntawv. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas hais lus yog to taub rau tus interlocutor. Hauv qab no peb yuav xav txog qhov tshwm sim hauv Lavxias lus li tautology. Feem ntau lo lus no muaj nyob rau hauv rhetoric thiab logic. Dab tsi yog tautology?
Rhetoric and logic
Dab tsi yog qhov tautology los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev tshawb fawb xws li kev hais lus? Feem ntau, lo lus no yog los ntawm Greek keeb kwm, kev txhais lus uas txhais tau tias "repetition of the same". Nyob rau hauv rhetoric, tautology yog to taub raws li ib tug rhetorical daim duab, uas muaj cov lus nrog tib lub hauv paus.
Qhov no kuj yog siv cov lus uas los ntawm lwm yam lus, tab sis txhais tau tias tib yam. Nws yog qhov tseeb vim hais tias cov lus muaj ib lub ntsiab lus uas nws tsis tsim nyog siv cov kev tsim kho hauv kev hais lus, vim lawv tsis nqa cov ntaub ntawv tshiab. Xws li cov qauv siv tau los ua cov khoom siv stylistic, tab sis lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau dhau.
Dab tsi yog tautology hauv logic? Lub tswv yim ntawm lo lus no txawv me ntsis: nws txhais tau hais tias yog qhov tseeb. Feem ntau, tautology hauv logic tshwm sim thaum lub tswvyim piav qhia siv tib lub tswvyim.
Yog, qhov piav qhia siv lo lus nws tus kheej, thiab muaj qhov rov ua dua ntawm tib lo lus. Tab sis qee zaum nrog kev pab ntawm tautology lawv tsim cov kev cai ntawm logic. Piv txwv li, "peb muab peb faib los ntawm peb sib npaug rau peb los yog tsis?" Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv logic, tautology tsis ib txwm "clog" hais lus.
Sib piv nrog pleonasm
Muaj ib lo lus uas zoo li tautology - qhov no yog pleonasm. Ob leeg ntawm lawv hais txog redundancy hauv kev hais lus. Tab sis dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm tautology thiab pleonasm? Txawm hais tias lub ntsiab lus zoo sib xws, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv.
Pleonasm yog kev siv cov lus hauv kev hais lus uas muaj lub ntsiab lus zoo sib xws hauv tib qho kev tsim kho. Piv txwv li, "Cov tsev neeg mus so rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis." Feem ntau, pleonasm tuaj yeem pom hauv cov lus dab neeg. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb yog cov lus no tsis yog tib lub hauv paus, tsis zoo li tautology.
Tautology yog kev siv cov lus uas muaj tib lub hauv paus lossis qiv los ntawm lwm yam lus uas muaj lub ntsiab lus zoo ib yam. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau tsis txhob siv lexical repetitions nyob rau hauv hais lus, vim hais tias tsis yog txhua txhua lo lus yuav tsum matched nrog synonyms. Yog li qee zaum koj yuav tsum siv cov lus zoo sib xws.
Yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob tautologies hauv kev hais lus
Vim li cas qhov tshwm sim no hu ua "hais lus nroj tsuag"? Vim nws tsis muab tej ntaub ntawv tshiab. Kev mloog cov lus thiab nyeem cov ntawv uas muaj ntau qhov rov ua dua yog qhov nyuaj heev. Yog li ntawd, ua kom nws yooj yim rau koj tshaj tawmcov ntaub ntawv, koj yuav tsum sim kom tsis txhob nquag lexical repetitions.
Yog vim li cas rau qhov tautology yog qib qis ntawm cov lus. Yog li ntawd, kev nyeem cov ntawv tseeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv classical nce koj qib kev nyeem ntawv. Koj tseem yuav kawm paub siv cov ntsiab lus kom raug hauv kev hais lus ua tsaug rau kev txhawb nqa cov lus.
Qhov kev tawm dag zog hauv qab no yuav muaj txiaj ntsig - piav qhia cov kab lus los ntawm kev xaiv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus. Yog tias koj pom nws nyuaj, koj tuaj yeem siv phau ntawv txhais lus. Txoj kev no koj tuaj yeem ua kom koj cov lus meej thiab nyeem tau.
Piv txwv ntawm lexical repetitions
Qee cov lus rov hais dua ntawm cov lus cognate tau ruaj khov rau hauv kev hais lus txhua hnub uas nyuaj rau pom lawv. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm tautology yog cov lus hauv qab no: "ua lag luam", "ua jam", "dawb-dawb daus". Lawv tuaj yeem ua piv txwv raws li hauv qab no: "ua ib yam dab tsi", "ua jam", "zoo nkauj daus".
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm tautology thaum siv cov lus los ntawm lwm yam lus uas muaj lub ntsiab lus zoo sib xws yog cov lus qhia "kev ua yeeb yam yav tsaus ntuj". Lo lus "serenade" yog los ntawm Italian keeb kwm thiab txhais tau tias yav tsaus ntuj nkauj. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua los hloov lo lus no nrog "suab".
Lexical rov hais dua hauv kev hais lus zoo nkauj
Dab tsi yog tautology hauv kev hais lus zoo nkauj? Lexical repetitions raws li ib tug stylistic ntaus ntawv feem ntau siv los ntawm cov sau phau ntawv los ua kom cov ntawv nyeem ntau nthuav. Ntau zaustag nrho cov no yog siv nyob rau hauv poetic lus.
Tsis tas li, kev rov hais dua lexical muaj nyob hauv cov lus hais thiab lus dab neeg. Qhov no yog siv los kos cov neeg nyeem cov xim rau ib qho xwm txheej lossis nthuav dav.
Ib nqe lus nug tseem ceeb yog tus sau raug: tautology lossis taftology? Sau lo lus nrog tus consonant "B" kom raug, thiab hais nws nrog kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub suab thib peb.
Tautology feem ntau suav hais tias yog kev hais lus yuam kev, vim hais tias kev rov ua dua ntawm tib yam tsis nqa ib qho semantic load. Ib qho kev zam yog cov ntaub ntawv, thiab tsuas yog thaum qhov kev rov ua dua no yog xav tau los txhim kho qhov kev xav ntawm tus nyeem ntawv. Koj tuaj yeem txhim kho koj cov lus los ntawm kev nyeem ntawv tseeb.
Taulogies nrog cov lus qiv yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws los tswj. Ib phau ntawv txhais lus yuav pab koj nrog qhov no. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, koj yuav tsis tsuas yog nce koj cov lus, tab sis kuj nthuav koj lub qab ntug. Sim xaiv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus ntau zaus, thiab tom qab ntawd koj cov lus yuav zoo nkauj, nkag siab thiab muaj peev xwm.
