Txhua yam lus tau hloov kho tas li thiab tsim los ntawm kev qiv nyiaj thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov lus tshiab ua tsaug rau cov lus piav qhia, uas suav nrog ntau hom tropes thiab cov duab kos duab. Los ntawm chav kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv hauv cov ntawv nyeem, nws paub tias metonymy yog dab tsi. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav nthuav kom paub tias cov txheej txheem kev kos duab no siv li cas hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv peb lub neej.
Definition of metonymy
Metonymy yog, qhov tseeb, kev hloov ntawm lub npe ntawm ib yam khoom (kev kawm, qhov tshwm sim, chav kawm) mus rau lwm tus los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm kev koom tes (adjacency, partitiveness, contiguity, thiab lwm yam). Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm lub tswvyim ntawm metonymy (temporal, logical, spatial), nws kuj txawv raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim (hais lus, adjectives, subjective). Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseeb ntawm kev siv qhov tshwm sim no hauv ntau qhov chaw yog qhov nthuav: tsis yog hauv cov ntaub ntawv nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj hauv kev kos duab, tsim, architecture thiab lwm yam.
Literature
Yogxav txog dab tsi metonymy yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, ces peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov no yog ib txoj hauv kev los txhawb kev ua haujlwm thiab tsim kev txaus siab ntxiv hauv artwork. Metonymic kev tsim kho tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua ua ntej kawg, thiab lawv tau siv tsis tau tsuas yog los kho cov hauj lwm, tab sis kuj mus nkaum nws lub ntsiab lus tseeb. Yog li, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv A. S. Pushkin paj huam "Arion", tus sau sau txog cov nom tswv tseem ceeb ntawm txoj hauj lwm, piav txog lub tragic txheej xwm ntawm lub uprising ntawm 1825, nrog lub npe ntawm tus kws sau paj lug thiab singer ntawm ancient Gretz
ii. Feem ntau, metonymy yog siv los qhia luv luv lub ntsiab lus, lub tswv yim. Piv txwv li, tus heroine ntawm lub zoo nkauj ua yeeb yam thiab zaj duab xis actress Lyudmila Maksakova Rosalind hais cov lus hauv qab no: "Lub moos tau ticking, lub lauj kaub kas fes yog hissing …". Cov kab lus kawg txhais tau hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub lauj kaub kas fes yog hissing, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov kev tsim kho lub ntsiab lus yog meej thiab nws kis tau tus mob feem ntau luv luv. Peb feem ntau siv cov khoom siv stylistic zoo li no hauv lub neej niaj hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau hais txog qhov kev ua piv txwv thiab cov lus piav qhia, txawm hais tias lawv yog ntau yam ntawm tib lub tswv yim - tropes, tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv. Hauv kev hloov pauv piv txwv, yuav tsum muaj qhov sib xws ntawm cov khoom no, thiab kev sib piv kuj tuaj yeem ua tau. Piv txwv li, birches nod – birches sway as if nodding.
Publicism and official style
Hauv cov ntawv xov xwm thiab ntawm nplooj ntawv xov xwm, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav kev tsim kho uas siv metonymylub sij hawm, lub teb chaws npe, tsoom fwv cov koom haum thiab lwm yam. Piv txwv li, cov kab lus no feem ntau pom: "Lub Tsev Dawb tau txais ib pawg neeg sawv cev los ntawm Netherlands", "Lub lim tiam no tau kub", thiab lwm yam. Cov ntaub ntawv raug cai siv xws li kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kev txiav txim mus rau ib qho khoom lossis qhov tshwm sim - ib qho kev kawm, ib qho khoom, nrog rau los ntawm ib feem mus rau tag nrho - ib tug neeg (raws li txoj cai). Cov qauv tseem ceeb kuj tsis txwv kev siv cov kev tsim kho, piv txwv li, kev hloov pauv ntawm ib qho kev tshwm sim lossis kev tshwm sim rau tib neeg feem ntau yog siv: "Lub rooj sab laj txhawb nqa cov uas tso tawm tswv yim … ".
Art, Tsim & Architecture
Koj tuaj yeem nkag siab tias metonymy yog dab tsi hauv kev kos duab thiab txawm tias nyob hauv cov khoom ib puag ncig peb, ua tib zoo saib cov ntsiab lus xws li, piv txwv li, cov tes tuav ntawm lub taub hau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tsiaj qis dua lawv lub taub hau rau hauv lub nkoj, ob txhais ceg. ntawm cov rooj zaum ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tsiaj paws nrog claws, thiab lwm yam. Xws li cov piv txwv tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov kab lis kev cai qub: braziers nrog xibtes tuav rhuab los ntawm hluav taws, ntau yam ornaments, xws li meander, rocaille, lambrequin thiab lwm yam uas siv kev hloov - imitation ntawm vaj motifs nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lattices thiab nce toj nroj tsuag.
Ntseeg thiab ntau
Metonymic phenomena tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv kab lis kev cai ntawm txhua lub tebchaws, piv txwv li, muaj ntau yam piv txwv hauv cov lus dab neeg thiab kev kos duab zoo nkauj ntawm cov neeg Lavxias. Cov no yog carved cockerels, skates ntawm lub ru tsev los yog diav nrog swan taub hau, winches, ladles thiab lwm yam khoom. Dab tsi yog metonymy hauv kev yees duabkos duab? Fabkis kws yees duab Alix Malka, uas ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm "perfectionism", nyob rau hauv nws creation "Cov phooj ywg" tsim lub tswv yim ntawm tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm lwm tus neeg, tso ib tug tes nrog ib tug luam yeeb tso rau ntawm armrests ntawm lub rooj zaum nyob rau hauv lub lens. Muaj ntau qhov xwm txheej zoo sib xws ntawm kev hloov pauv, hauv ntau yam kev txhais lus thiab cov qauv, thiab qhov tshwm sim no txhawb nqa peb cov lus thiab lub neej feem ntau, tso cai rau peb ua tiav brevity, qhia lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov tsis hais nrog cov ntsiab lus ntxiv thiab cov ntsiab lus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem pom hauv txhua hom lus, hauv txhua lub tebchaws, piv txwv li, metonymy hauv lus Askiv xyaum tsis txawv ntawm Lavxias. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom txhua yam hloov pauv ntawm cov npe kawm.
