Zaj lus qhia txog lub hnub ci tseem ceeb yog dab tsi, nws tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg txaus ntshai thiab nws raug cais li cas.
Sun
Lub neej nyob rau hauv peb lub ntiaj teb tau muaj nyob rau yuav luag 4 billion xyoo, thiab muaj ntau yam vim li cas nws tau yug los thiab tseem muaj. Qhov no yog kev nyab xeeb, cov roj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov huab cua, lub sij hawm ntawm lub kiv puag ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb nyob ib ncig ntawm nws axis, lub zog ntawm nws attraction thiab, ntawm chav kawm, nyob deb ntawm lub hnub. Lub ntiaj teb yog nyob rau hauv lub thiaj li hu ua habitable cheeb tsam, uas yog, nyob rau ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws deb ntawm lub hnub qub, uas ua kom muaj kev saib xyuas ntawm ib tug xis nyob rau feem ntau cov tsiaj. Thiab dab tsi tshwm sim rau cov ntiaj chaw nyob ze ze rau lub hnub qub hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub cev, koj tuaj yeem pom ntawm qhov piv txwv ntawm Mercury - nws yog scorched thiab khoob.
Raws li peb tuaj yeem pom, tag nrho cov xwm txheej no tsim cov txheej txheem nyuaj heev thiab muaj kev sib koom ua ke, txhua lub ntsiab lus uas yuav tsum tau tswj hwm lawv cov kev sib npaug sib npaug kom thiaj li muaj keeb kwm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob nyob hauv peb lub ntiaj teb mus ntxiv.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws
Tab sis, tau kawg, muaj ntau qhov pom tseeb thiab zais qhov phom sij uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog. Thiab cov txheej txheem feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm Lub Hnub,uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau txhua yam muaj sia thiab tsis yog xwb. Piv txwv li, lub hnub ci lossis cua daj cua dub. Huab cua-rhiab neeg thiab ntau yam khoom siv feem ntau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm lawv. Thaum muaj cua daj cua dub no, qhov tseem ceeb tawg tawm ntawm lub hnub thiab maj nrawm mus rau cov ntiaj chaw nyob ze tshaj plaws. Hmoov zoo, feem ntau ntawm lawv tsis zoo li yuav ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab. Vim li cas qhov kev tshaj tawm yog qhov txaus ntshai, thiab nws yog dab tsi? Peb yuav tham txog qhov no hauv kab lus no.
Definition
PROPInences yog tuab cov kev hws ntawm cov teeb meem colder rau lwm tus hnub so. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm kev ua si, lawv nce saum npoo ntawm lub hnub qub thiab tuav nyob rau ntawd los ntawm nws cov magnetic teb. Yooj yim muab tso, prominences yog cov dej loj loj ntawm cov teeb meem hnub ci kub uas tau tuav ua ke los ntawm lub hnub qub lub ntiajteb txawj nqus. Tab sis qee zaum, thaum lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb muaj zog hnub ci kev ua haujlwm, cov ntshav plasma ntws tawm ntawm lub hnub ci photosphere thiab maj nrawm rau txhua qhov kev qhia, suav nrog rau peb lub ntiaj teb. Qhov tshwm sim no hu ua magnetic los yog hnub ci cua daj cua dub.
Kev piav qhia
Ib qho ntawm thawj qhov kev tshawb fawb qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb yog txuam nrog hnub ci dab noj hnub uas tshwm sim xyoo 1185. Tab sis vim yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab kev txhim kho tsis zoo ntawm astrophysics, txoj kev tshawb fawb txog kev muaj koob meej tau pib nyob rau nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th. Xyoo 1868, Pierre Jansen, siv txoj kev tshiab ntawm kev soj ntsuam qhov tshwm sim no yam tsis muaj hnub ci dab noj hnub, xaus lus tias lawv muaj nyob hauv cov pa roj.condition.
Vim lawv qhov xwm txheej, qhov tseem ceeb yog qee yam uas tau kawm zoo tsuas yog siv cov kev ua tiav ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis: kev yees duab time-lapse thiab dag ze-Lub ntiaj teb soj ntsuam satellites.
Lawv pom meej meej thaum lub hnub ci ntsa iab tag nrho. Cov xwm txheej zoo li no tau pom los ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb: lub koob yees duab zoo nkauj, cov ntxaij lim dej, coronographs, chromospheric telescopes, thiab lwm yam. Yog hais tias peb xav txog qhov projection ntawm prominences ntawm lub hnub ci disk, lawv zoo li tsaus elongated filaments ntawm ntau thicknesses. Yog li qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov tshwm sim uas tsuas tuaj yeem pom nrog lub koob yees duab pom zoo thaum lub hnub ci tag nrho.
Qhov tseeb, peb paub tias hnub ci tseem ceeb yog dab tsi, tam sim no cia saib lawv hom.
Views
Yog tias peb tham txog qhov zoo li, ces qhov tseem ceeb yog cov qauv ragged uas zoo li filaments lossis ntshav txhaws ntawm ntau yam duab. Lawv kuj tseem niaj hnub txav thiab hloov lawv cov duab. Lawv kev faib tawm yog ua raws li cov yam ntxwv dynamic lossis morphological. Xav txog lawv cov kev faib tawm raws li lawv cov tsos sab nraud, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev txav ntawm qhov teeb meem thiab nrawm:
- Nyob. Hauv lawv, qhov teeb meem txav qeeb tshaj plaws. Daim ntawv kuj hloov maj mam. Yog hais tias peb tham txog lub sij hawm ntawm lawv lub neej, ces nws txawv ntawm ob peb lub lis piam mus rau ob peb lub hlis. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov heliographic latitudes. Lawv tuaj yeem pom feem ntau nyob ze ntawm lub hnub ci ntawm ib theem ntawm kev loj hlob. Qhov kub yog kwv yees li 15,000 degrees Celsius.
- Active. Xws li ib tug tseem ceeb, yees duabuas tuaj yeem pom hauv qab no, qhov txawv ntawm qhov plasma ntws los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub geyser mus rau photosphere, nrog rau los ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb mus rau lwm qhov, txav ntawm qhov kub ceev heev. Lawv qhov kub thiab txias yog 25,000 degrees Celsius. Thiab los ntawm txoj kev, ntau qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tsim los ntawm cov neeg nyob ntsiag to, tab sis qhov no, lawv lub sijhawm muaj nyob yog los ntawm ob peb feeb mus rau ib hnub.
- Eruptive. Yog hais tias peb tham txog qhov tsos, ces feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov, xws li prominences zoo li cov kwj deg loj loj tshaj li ib thiab ib nrab lab kilometers saum saum npoo ntawm peb lub hnub qub. Qhov ceev ntawm plasma txav mus txog ntau pua mais ntawm ib teev, thiab lawv cov duab hloov sai heev. Lawv tsis kav ntev, thiab thaum lawv nce siab, lawv maj mam tawg tag.
- Loop-shaped prominences tshwm zoo li huab me me saum toj ntawm chromosphere. Feem ntau, dhau sij hawm, lawv sib koom ua ke rau hauv ib lub huab loj, uas tom qab ntawd emissions ntawm cov pa roj kub ntawm chromosphere. Cov xwm txheej zoo li no tsis tshua muaj nyob rau ntau tshaj li ob peb teev.
Tam sim no peb paub tias hnub ci corona muaj qhov tseem ceeb, thiab muaj hom dab tsi.
Theory of tshwm sim
Txawm hais tias lub hnub ci kev ua haujlwm tau kawm ntev heev, tseem tsis tau muaj kev sib koom ua ke thiab ua tiav txoj kev xav uas yuav piav qhia qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tseem ceeb thiab tag nrho lwm yam tshwm sim cuam tshuam nrog lawv. Ib feem, tag nrho cov no tau piav qhia los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm hluav taws xob thiab sib nqus rog nrog lub zog ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus. Sun.
Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm qhov tseem ceeb kom meej meej sib haum rau cov txheej txheem uas nws tau tsim. Tab sis lub cev tej yam kev mob rau lub hav zoov ntawm ib tug tshwm sim feem ntau txuam nrog cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Piv txwv li, cov kab ntawm hydrogen thiab ionized calcium predominate nyob rau hauv lub spectrum ntawm ntsiag to prominences. Thiab nyob rau hauv cov kev txuam nrog cov hnub ci, cov kab ntawm ntau yam hlau yog qhov txawv tshaj plaws.
Qhov tseeb ntawm qhov muaj sia nyob ntev ntawm qee yam ntawm lawv ntau yam qhia tias cov khoom yog tuav los ntawm lub hnub qub sib nqus. Qhov kev xav no tau lees paub los ntawm ntau qhov kev soj ntsuam spectroscopic.
Danger
Raws li peb tau tham lawm, qhov tseem ceeb yog ib feem ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hnub chromosphere thiab qee yam ntawm nws cov txheej txheem ntawm lub cev. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov txaus ntshai yog sawv cev los ntawm cov uas tawg tawm ntawm lub hnub qub thiab maj mus rau hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub hnub qub. Nyob ntawm lub zog, lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov satellites hauv lub ntiaj teb orbit thiab txawm tua cov neeg coob ntawm ISS. Reacting nrog lub magnetosphere ntawm peb ntiaj chaw, prominences kuj tsim muaj zog sib nqus cua daj cua dub uas cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm huab cua-rhiab neeg, cuam tshuam rau kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm xov tooj cua kev sib txuas lus systems thiab ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Hmoov zoo, qhov tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem tawg tawm ntawm lub hnub thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj tsawg kawg nkaus.
Tab sis, yog tias peb xav txog qhov kev xaiv saddest, thaum lub koob meej yuav loj, nws tuaj yeem ua rau huab cua ntawm peb lub ntiaj teb puas lossis puas tag nrho.ciaj sia.
