Lub ntsiab lus thiab ua rau Crimean Tsov Rog ntawm 1853-1856

Cov txheej txheem:

Lub ntsiab lus thiab ua rau Crimean Tsov Rog ntawm 1853-1856
Lub ntsiab lus thiab ua rau Crimean Tsov Rog ntawm 1853-1856
Anonim

Nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th rau Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws tau cim los ntawm kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam rau Hiav Txwv Dub. Kev sim daws qhov teeb meem los ntawm kev diplomacy ua tsis tiav thiab ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb tag nrho. Nyob rau hauv 1853, Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws mus ua rog tawm tsam lub teb chaws Ottoman rau dominance nyob rau hauv lub Dub hiav txwv straits. Lub Crimean Tsov Rog ntawm 1853-1856, luv luv, yog kev sib tsoo ntawm kev txaus siab ntawm European lub xeev hauv Middle East thiab Balkans. Cov thawj coj nyob sab Europe tau tsim lub koom haum tawm tsam Lavxias, uas suav nrog Qaib Cov Txwv, Fab Kis Tebchaws, Sardinia thiab Great Britain. Lub Crimean Tsov Rog ntawm 1853-1856 tau npog thaj chaw loj thiab ncav cuag ntau kilometers. Active hostilities tau ua nyob rau hauv ntau cov lus qhia ib zaug. Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws raug yuam kom sib ntaus tsis tau ncaj qha nyob rau hauv lub Crimea, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub Balkans, lub Caucasus thiab Far East. Kev sib tsoo ntawm hiav txwv - Dub, Dawb thiab B altic kuj tseem ceeb.

Kev sib cav

Qhov ua rau ntawm Crimean Tsov Rog ntawm 1853-1856 tau txhais txawv los ntawm cov neeg keeb kwm. Yog li, cov kws tshawb fawb BritishQhov ua rau ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog yog suav hais tias yog ib tug unprecedented nce nyob rau hauv aggressiveness ntawm Nikolaev Russia, tus huab tais coj mus rau ib tug escalation ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb nyob rau hauv Middle East thiab lub Balkans. Cov kws sau keeb kwm Turkish, ntawm qhov tod tes, txhais lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog raws li Russia lub siab xav tsim kom muaj kev tswj hwm ntawm Hiav Txwv Dub, uas yuav ua rau Hiav Txwv Dub yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman. Qhov tseem ceeb ua rau Crimean Tsov Rog ntawm 1853-1856 tau teeb pom kev los ntawm Lavxias keeb kwm, uas tau lees tias Russia lub siab xav txhim kho nws txoj haujlwm tsis txaus ntseeg hauv kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb ua rau muaj kev sib cav. Raws li cov kws sau keeb kwm feem ntau, tag nrho cov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua tsov rog tau ua rau muaj kev tsov rog, thiab rau txhua lub teb chaws koom, qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev ua tsov rog yog lawv tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, kom txog rau thaum tam sim no, cov kws tshawb fawb hauv kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev txaus siab tam sim no tsis tau los rau ib lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov ua rau Crimean War ntawm 1853-1856.

Ua rau ntawm Crimean Tsov Rog 1853 1856
Ua rau ntawm Crimean Tsov Rog 1853 1856

Clash of Interest

Tom qab xav txog qhov ua rau Crimean Tsov Rog ntawm 1853-1856, cia peb mus rau qhov pib ntawm kev ua phem. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm Orthodox thiab Catholics rau kev tswj hwm lub Koom Txoos ntawm Dawb Huv Sepulcher, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman. Russia qhov kawg thov kom muab nws cov yuam sij rau lub tuam tsev ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam los ntawm Ottoman, uas tau txhawb nqa los ntawm Fab Kis thiab Great Britain. Russia, tsis tau tawm mus rau qhov tsis ua tiav ntawm nws cov phiaj xwm hauv Middle East, tau txiav txim siab hloov mus rau Balkans thiab xa nws cov chav mus rau Danubian Principality.

Kev Tsov Rog Crimean ntawm 1853-1856

Nws yuav tsim nyog los faib kev tsis sib haum xeeb ua ob lub sijhawm. Thawj theem (Kaum Ib Hlis 1953 - Lub Plaub Hlis 1854) yog ncaj qha rau Lavxias-Turkish kev tsis sib haum xeeb, thaum lub sij hawm Russia txoj kev cia siab rau kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Great Britain thiab Austria tsis tshwm sim. Ob lub pem hauv ntej tau tsim - hauv Transcaucasia thiab Crimea. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias teb sab yeej yog Kev Sib Tw ntawm Sinop thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1853, thaum lub sijhawm lub nkoj Dub hiav txwv ntawm Turks tau swb.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Crimean War 1853 1856
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Crimean War 1853 1856

Kev Tiv Thaiv ntawm Sevastopol thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Inkerman

Lub sijhawm thib ob tau mus txog Lub Ob Hlis 1856 thiab tau cim los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm lub koomhaum European nrog Turkey. Kev tsaws ntawm Allied troops nyob rau hauv Crimea yuam cov tub rog Lavxias teb sab kom thim tob rau hauv cov ceg av qab teb. Sevastopol tau dhau los ua lub citadel tsuas yog impregnable. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm 1854, lub siab tawv tiv thaiv ntawm Sevastopol pib. Lub nruab nrab hais kom ua ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias teb sab es tsis pab cov neeg tiv thaiv ntawm lub nroog. Rau 11 lub hlis, cov neeg tsav nkoj coj los ntawm Nakhimov P., Istomin V., Kornilov V. tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab tawm tsam. Thiab tsuas yog tom qab nws ua tsis tsim nyog los tuav lub nroog, cov neeg tiv thaiv, tawm mus, tawg cov riam phom thiab hlawv txhua yam uas tuaj yeem hlawv, yog li ua rau cov phiaj xwm kev sib koom ua ke los tuav lub hauv paus naval.

Cov tub rog Lavxias tau sim ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov phooj ywg los ntawm Sevastopol. Tab sis lawv txhua tus tau ua tsis tiav. Kev sib tsoo nyob ze Inkerman, kev ua haujlwm tawm tsam ntawm thaj av Evpatoria, kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Dej Dub tsis tau coj lub yeeb koob rau cov tub rog Lavxias, tab sis tau qhia nws qhov kev thim rov qab, riam phom qub thiab tsis muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ua tub rog. Tag nrho cov kev ua no tau cojRussia swb nyob rau hauv tsov rog. Tab sis nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias cov phooj ywg rog kuj tau txais nws. Cov tub rog ntawm Askiv thiab Fabkis tau tag sim neej thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1855, thiab tsis muaj qhov taw tes rau kev hloov cov tub rog tshiab mus rau Crimea.

Crimean tsov rog 1853 1856 tiv thaiv Sevastopol
Crimean tsov rog 1853 1856 tiv thaiv Sevastopol

Caucasian thiab Balkan Fronts

Crimean Tsov Rog ntawm 1853-1856, uas peb sim piav qhia luv luv, kuj tau hais txog Caucasian pem hauv ntej, cov xwm txheej uas tau tsim txawv me ntsis. Qhov xwm txheej muaj qhov zoo dua rau Russia. Kev sim los ntawm cov tub rog Turkish los txeeb Transcaucasia tsis ua tiav. Thiab cov tub rog Lavxias tseem muaj peev xwm nkag mus tob rau hauv lub tebchaws Ottoman thiab ntes cov Turkish fortresses ntawm Bayazet hauv 1854 thiab Kare hauv 1855. Cov kev ua ntawm cov phoojywg hauv B altic thiab White Seas thiab nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Far East tsis muaj kev sib tw tseem ceeb. Thiab, theej, lawv depleted cov tub rog rog ntawm ob leeg cov phoojywg thiab Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws. Yog li ntawd, qhov kawg ntawm 1855 tau cim los ntawm kev txiav txim siab virtual ntawm kev ua phem rau txhua sab. Cov neeg sib ntaus sib tua zaum ntawm lub rooj sib tham los sau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Crimean War ntawm 1853-1856

Crimean tsov rog 1853 1856 luv luv
Crimean tsov rog 1853 1856 luv luv

Ua tiav thiab tau txais

Kev sib tham ntawm Russia thiab cov phooj ywg hauv Paris xaus nrog qhov xaus ntawm kev cog lus kev thaj yeeb. Nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm cov teeb meem sab hauv, tus cwj pwm phem ntawm Prussia, Austria thiab Sweden, Russia raug yuam kom lees txais cov kev xav tau ntawm cov phooj ywg los ua kom tsis muaj hiav txwv Dub. Kev txwv tsis pub ua kom pom tseeb cov tub rog hauv paus thiab lub nkoj tau tshem tawm Russia ntawm tag nrho cov kev ua tiav ntawm kev ua tsov rog yav dhau los nrog Turkey. Tsis tas li ntawd, Russia tau cog lus tias yuav tsis tsim lub fortifications ntawm Alandcov Islands tuaj thiab raug yuam kom muab kev tswj hwm ntawm Danubian tus thawj tswj hwm rau hauv tes ntawm cov phooj ywg. Bessarabia tau xa mus rau Ottoman Empire.

Feem ntau, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Crimean War ntawm 1853-1856. tau tsis meej pem. Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tau thawb lub ntiaj teb European mus rau tag nrho cov kev rov qab los ntawm nws cov tub rog. Thiab qhov no txhais tau hais tias kev tsim riam phom tshiab tau raug qhib thiab lub tswv yim thiab kev tawm tsam ntawm kev ua tsov rog tau hloov pauv ntau.

Cov chav kawm ntawm Crimean War 1853 1856
Cov chav kawm ntawm Crimean War 1853 1856

Lub teb chaws Ottoman, tau siv ntau lab phaus ntawm Crimean Tsov Rog, coj lub teb chaws cov peev nyiaj kom ua tiav kev lag luam. Cov nuj nqis rau teb chaws Askiv yuam lub Turkish sultan pom zoo rau txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev pe hawm kev ntseeg thiab kev sib luag ntawm txhua tus, tsis hais haiv neeg twg. Lub tebchaws Askiv tau tso tseg Aberdeen txee thiab tsim ib qho tshiab coj los ntawm Palmerston, uas tau tso tseg qhov muag ntawm cov tub ceev xwm qeb.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Crimean Tsov Rog ntawm 1853-1856 yuam Russia tig mus rau kev hloov kho. Txwv tsis pub, nws tuaj yeem xaub mus rau hauv lub abyss ntawm cov teeb meem kev sib raug zoo, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, yuav ua rau ib tug nrov revolt, qhov tshwm sim ntawm uas tsis muaj leej twg yuav ua rau kwv yees. Kev paub ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog tau siv rau hauv kev hloov pauv tub rog.

Kev Tsov Rog Crimean (1853-1856), kev tiv thaiv ntawm Sevastopol thiab lwm yam xwm txheej ntawm qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb no tau ua ib qho cim tseem ceeb ntawm keeb kwm, ntawv nyeem thiab kos duab. Cov kws sau ntawv, kws sau paj huam thiab cov kws ua yeeb yam hauv lawv cov haujlwm tau sim ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam tag nrho cov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov tub rog uas tiv thaiv lub nroog Sevastopol, thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tsov rog rau lub tebchaws Lavxias.

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