Keeb kwm ntawm riam phom edged muaj qhov zoo li qub - nws yog ib qho cuab yeej cuab tam hauv tsev, raug muab khi rau ntawm ib txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb thiab yog li hloov mus ua ib qho cuab yeej ntawm kev tuag. Nws qhov tshwj xeeb qhia tau hais tias nws tau siv los ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb thaum muaj kev tawm tsam ntshav siab uas feem ntau cuam tshuam rau txoj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, tab sis tsis txhais tau tias lub neej hauv zos yooj yim.
Ntxhais taum pauv ua riam phom
Thawj zaug, cov cuab yeej ua liaj ua teb no tau siv los ua tub rog rov qab rau xyoo pua 14th. Feem ntau, cov neeg ua liaj ua teb, rau ib qho laj thawj lossis lwm qhov, uas tau txiav txim siab hloov pauv txoj kev tsim lub neej lossis raug yuam kom tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab, rov tsim lawv cov braids. Los ntawm kev hloov lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev txuas ntawm lawv qhov txiav mus rau tus ncej los yog yooj yim los ntawm kev ntxiv dag zog rau lawv ntawm ib qho axis nrog nws, lawv tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig uas tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi nag hmo dhau los ua riam phom tuag taus.
riam phom txias, tsim los ntawm txoj kev no, muaj ntau yam zoo. Nws yog ntau yam, maneuverable, zoo, tab sis tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - pheej yig thiab pheej yig. Qee lub sij hawm, es tsis txhob ntawm ib txwm hniav ntawm ib tug scythe, ib tug sharpened shredding riam los yogtshwj xeeb forged ob-edged thiab me ntsis nkhaus hniav.
riam phom ntawm Swiss thiab Czech peasants
Thawj zaug, kev siv hom riam phom no tau hais txog kev sib ntaus sib tua los ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb ntawm ntau tus Swiss cantons, tawm tsam kev tawm tsam ntawm Austrian knights, uas tau tshwm sim hauv XIV xyoo pua. thiab tom qab ntawd rov rov pib dua peb centuries.
Thaum kev tsov rog kev ntseeg tshwm sim hauv Czech koom pheej thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th, pib los ntawm cov neeg hloov kho uas coj los ntawm Jan Hus (lub Hussites), cov tub rog tseem ceeb yog cov neeg ua liaj ua teb, hauv lawv txhais tes yog tag nrho cov tib scythes - riam phom uas muaj nyob rau hauv txhua lub tsev au khub.
Lub Sijhawm ntawm kev ua rog neeg ua rog
Ib puas xyoo tom qab, tag nrho lub hauv paus ntawm Tebchaws Europe tau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ntshav, uas tau tawg rau ntau yam kev lag luam thiab kev ntseeg thiab raug hu ua Great Peasants' War. Ib zaug ntxiv, lub scythe (riam phom) feem ntau txiav txim siab qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, vim cov tub rog ntawm cov tub rog sib ntaus sib tua tau raug tswj los ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb uas tsis tuaj yeem them taus riam phom kim dua.
Feem ntau ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua scythes nthuav tawm hnub no hauv ntau lub tsev cia puav pheej thoob ntiaj teb hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 16th, tab sis kuj muaj cov piv txwv tom qab. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog ib tug scythe (riam phom) uas ib zaug koom rau ib tug tub rog Prussian thiab, raws li lub hom ntawm nws, tau tso tawm nyob rau hauv 1813. Nws tuaj yeem pom ntawm Dresden State Tsev khaws puav pheej.
Ntawm Hnub Nyoog Kawg
Nyob rau lub caij nyoog nruab nrab nruab nrab, uas yog, lub sijhawm keeb kwm tau tham saum toj no, kuj tau dav davib qho cuab yeej cuab tam nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug scythe, uas yog nws ntau tshaj version - glaive, los yog glaive. Nws yog tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab yog ib tug thiab ib nrab meter ncej nrog lub tiaj tus, sharpened taub hau txog 60 cm ntev thiab 7-10 cm dav.
Tiv thaiv cov ncej los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, nws tau npog nrog rivets lossis txawm qhwv nrog daim kab xev. Cov hniav, sharpened, raws li txoj cai, tsuas yog nyob rau ntawm ib sab, tau nruab nrog ib tug hlau spike extending ntawm lub kaum sab xis mus rau sab. Nrog nws cov kev pab, nws muaj peev xwm mus tua cov tshuab inflicted los ntawm saum toj no, raws li zoo raws li teb rau lawv koj tus kheej, tho tus yeeb ncuab lub armor nrog no smashing ntug. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, nws kuj yog ib qho yooj yim heev rau lawv rub tus neeg caij tsheb tawm ntawm tus nees thiab, twb nyob hauv av, ua rau nws tuag.
Yog li, lub glaive, uas tso cai rau ob qho tib si chopping thiab stabbing tshuab nyob rau hauv sib ntaus sib tua, yog ib tug formidable riam phom. Nws tau nthuav dav thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe, tab sis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau Fabkis thiab Ltalis, qhov chaw uas nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg saib xyuas ntawm kev hwm ntawm txhua tus thawj coj tseem ceeb. Nyob ntawd, dhau sij hawm, nws tau hloov mus rau hauv ib hom tshwj xeeb ntawm halberd hu ua guisarma. Nws, raws li txoj cai, tau nruab nrog ob lub tswv yim - ncaj thiab nkhaus - thiab tso cai rau tus neeg tua hluav taws ua rau muaj kev stabbing thiab rub tus yeeb ncuab tawm ntawm nees.
Scythe hauv arsenal ntawm Zaporizhzhya Cossacks
Nws tseem nthuav kom nco ntsoov tias kev sib ntaus sib tua scythe yog riam phom uas nws qhov kev tsim tawm tau tawm tsam los ntawm ntau haiv neeg. Piv txwv li, ntau tus kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias thawj zaug nwstshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub arsenal ntawm Zaporizhzhya Cossacks, uas feem ntau yog yav tas los peasants. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj hais tias cov lus no ncaj ncees npaum li cas, tab sis qhov tseeb yog qhov tsis lees paub tias thaum lub sij hawm Ukrainian kev ywj pheej ua tsov ua rog ntawm 17th-18th centuries, riam phom no yog ib qho tseem ceeb.
Kev tuag scythe ua lub luag haujlwm txiav txim siab hauv Kev Sib Tw ntawm Berestets, uas tau tshwm sim hauv 1651 ntawm cov tub rog ntawm tus huab tais Polish Jan Casimir thiab Cossacks ntawm hetman Bogdan Khmelnitsky. Cov kev nco ntawm cov gentry tseem nyob, qhia tias nws yog nrog kev pab los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua scythes uas Cossacks tau tswj kom ua tiav kev tiv thaiv thiab tom qab tawm tsam nrog kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws.
Tsis ntev los no, ntau cov khoom pov thawj ntsig txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm hom riam phom no hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua rau kev ywj pheej ntawm Ukraine, tau tshwm sim hauv cov nyiaj ntawm Zaporozhye Keeb Kwm Tsev khaws puav pheej. Lawv tsim cov khoom tiav thiab ua tiav, qhia txog lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab txhim kho kev sib ntaus sib tua scythes los ntawm riam phom ntawm thaj av no.
Kev siv kev sib ntaus sib tua scythes hauv Russia
Hauv tebchaws Russia, keeb kwm ntawm hom riam phom no feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev tawm tsam coj los ntawm Stepan Razin, thiab tom qab ntawd Emelyan Pugachev. Hauv ob qho xwm txheej, cov neeg ua liaj ua teb thiab Cossack pawg tau mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog cov khoom qiv los ntawm lawv tsev neeg - axes, pitchforks thiab scythes, remade thiab dhau los ua riam phom loj hauv lawv txhais tes.
Thiab tau kawg, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem tab sis hais txog kev sib ntaus sib tua scythes nyob rau hauv txhais tes ntawm cov legendary partisans ntawm Patriotic ua tsov ua rog xyoo 1812, uas nws cov hlau tau nco ntsoov zoo los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Napoleonic cov tub rog,ingloriously tawm ntawm ciam teb ntawm Russia. Hauv Moscow lub tsev khaws puav pheej mob siab rau keeb kwm ntawm cov xwm txheej heroic, koj tuaj yeem pom ntau yam ntawm lawv cov qauv qub.
tus kws kos npe Polish
Txawm li cas los xij, tej zaum qhov dav tshaj plaws scythe (riam phom) nyob hauv tebchaws Poland. Qhov no tau tshwm sim tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sij hawm Polish ntxeev siab los ntawm kev faib thib ob ntawm Lub Tebchaws, uas tau tshwm sim hauv 1794. Tom qab ntawd cov neeg Polish, Belarusian thiab Lithuanian cov neeg ua liaj ua teb uas tawm tsam cov tub rog niaj hnub ntawm Lavxias tau tsim ntau qhov kev tshem tawm, uas muaj nyob rau ntawm lawv qhov kev pov tseg tsuas yog sib ntaus sib tua scythes thiab lwm yam riam phom edged, uas yog riam mounted rau ntawm ncej thiab txhua yam khoom siv tes ua.. Cov neeg tua hluav taws ntawm cov koog no tau hu ua cosigners (los ntawm cov lus "scythe", "mow", thiab lwm yam).
Raws li cov kws sau keeb kwm, cov kws kos duab tau ua lub luag haujlwm txiav txim siab hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Racławice xyoo 1794, qhov twg cov neeg ntxeev siab ntawm Tadeusz Kosciuszko tau tawm tsam nrog tsoomfwv cov tub rog. Lawv cov units, koom ua ke nyob rau hauv lub npe hu ua Krakow militia, repelled yeeb ncuab tawm tsam, nyob rau hauv peb kab, thiab, armed nrog sib ntaus sib tua scythes, txiav thiab stabbed raws li yog hais tias lawv muaj sabers thiab hmuv nyob rau hauv lawv txhais tes, thiab tsis ua liaj ua teb cov cuab yeej hloov dua siab tshiab los ntawm qhov tsim nyog..
Nyob rau hauv thawj kab sawv cov tub rog nrog phom, thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob thiab thib peb - nrog scythes. Thaum cov xub tua ib tug volley, lawv tam sim ntawd retreated qab lub nraub qaum ntawm cosigners, uas npog lawv thaum lawv reloaded lawv riam phom, uas thaum lub sij hawm ntawd yuav tsum tau.qee lub sijhawm.
Ib tus qauv zoo sib xws tau rov ua dua thaum lub sijhawm kev tawm tsam Polish xyoo 1830, thaum ntau tus tub rog tsis tu ncua tau ua tub rog nrog scythes. Raws li cov neeg koom ntawm cov xwm txheej, cov yeeb ncuab infantrymen, txawm tias nrog ib tug bayonet fastened rau rab phom, tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tus cosigner hauv tes-rau-tes sib ntaus sib tua, inflicting chopping thiab stabbing tshuab nrog nws ntev thiab hnyav scythe.
Nyiv hloov kho ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua scythe
Raws li ntau yam tshwj xeeb, cov neeg keeb kwm kuj paub Japanese kev sib ntaus sib tua scythe. Cov riam phom no txawv me ntsis ntawm qhov tau tham saum toj no. Tsis tas li ntawd, sawv cev rau kev hloov kho ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb, txawm li cas los xij nws tau hloov pauv loj heev. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, txawm nrog ib tug cursory acquaintance, ib tug luv luv ncej yog striking, uas ib tug hniav txuas yuav luag ntawm lub kaum sab xis. Hom riam phom no feem ntau kuj hu ua kab mob sib ntaus sib tua.
Txawm hais tias qhov tsim qauv no txo qis qhov nrawm nrawm ntawm riam phom ntawm kev cuam tshuam thiab yog li txo nws txoj kev muaj peev xwm tawm tsam, nws muab kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog ntau dua maneuverability thiab ua rau nws txaus ntshai heev hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Qee zaum, qhov hnyav tau txuas nrog lub ncej ntawm txoj hlua ntev, tig uas, nws muaj peev xwm xa tau lub zog smashing rau tus yeeb ncuab.
Kev sib tw scythe belongs rau lub zog thiab siab tawv
Cov duab ntawm riam phom uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm (scythes thiab lawv cov kev hloov kho) tso cai rau peb nthuav tawm tag nrho ntau hom kev phom sij ntawm ntau lub sijhawm thiab lub teb chaws tau tsim, siv cov cuab yeej ua liaj ua teb zoo tib yam. Cov txheeb ze ze ntawm tus scythe tsis yog tsuas yog cov guisarms, uas tau piav qhia saum toj no, tab sis kuj muaj riam thiab tshuab txiav - sib ntaus sib tua pitchforks.
Kev siv hom riam phom no hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis xav tau kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb - cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv nws yooj yim heev. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj kev ua siab ntev, lub zog ntawm lub cev thiab, qhov tseeb, kev ua siab loj ntawm kev ncaj ncees, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau tus neeg tua rog, txawm tias nws muaj riam phom dab tsi hauv nws txhais tes.
