Cov khoom noj nkag mus rau hauv ib puag ncig ntawm cov hlwb vim muaj kev thauj mus los, uas tshwj xeeb enzymes koom nrog. Hauv qhov no, ob txoj kev tshwm sim - pinocytosis thiab phagocytosis.
yam ntxwv ntawm tus txheej txheem
Pinocytosis yog ib txoj kev pub noj thoob ntiaj teb, uas yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu. Nws lub ntsiab lus yog nyob rau hauv kev nkag ntawm cov as-ham rau hauv lub cell hauv daim ntawv yaj. Phagocytosis yog cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws, tab sis nws siv cov khoom siv.
Nws paub tias pinocytosis yog ib qho tseem ceeb stimulus rau tsim lysosomes, thiab phagocytosis yog ib qho tseem ceeb thaum lub hlwb kis tus kab mob. Cov txheej txheem no muaj ntau yam sib xws, yog li lawv feem ntau ua ke raws li lub npe dav dav - cytosis, lossis endocytosis, txawm tias pinocytosis ntau dua. Yog tias cov tshuaj, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, raug tshem tawm ntawm lub cell, ces lawv hais txog exocytosis.
Zoo, peb tuaj yeem hais tias pinocytosis yog txheej txheem ntawm kev nqus cov kua dej los ntawm lub xovtooj.
txheej txheem nta
Nws yuav tsum tau hais tam sim ntawd tias cytosis nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm 2 ° C, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm metabolic inhibitors, piv txwv li, sodium fluoride.
YNyob rau hauv pinocytosis, outgrowths ntawm cytoplasm yog tsim- pseudopodia, uas sib koom ua ke thiab ntim cov kua dej. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, vesicles yog tsim, uas yog sib cais los ntawm lub cell membrane thiab pib tsiv los ntawm lub cytoplasm, tig mus rau hauv vacuoles hu ua pinosomes.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias pinocytosis kuj yog tshwm sim ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm tes nrog kev ncua ntawm cov kab mob. Hauv qhov no, cov vesicles tsim muaj vibrios. Nws nyob ntawm no tias lawv qee zaum dhau mus rau theem "undressing". Thaum loj molecules ntawm ib tug neeg cov tshuaj raug ntes, invagination thiab tsim ib tug npuas - vacuole kuj tshwm sim, txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev thauj tshuaj no tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kev cuam tshuam ntau dua ntawm kev nqus ntawm cov tshuaj pharmacological yog lawv daim ntawv, qib ntawm kev sib tsoo, nrog rau muaj cov kab mob sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub plab zom mov - gastritis, colitis lossis, piv txwv li, peptic ulcer.
YProtein reabsorption nyob rau hauv lub raum tubules
Pinocytosis yog ib qho active protein reabsorption mechanism nyob rau hauv proximal raum nephrons. Thaum lub sij hawm nws, cov protein yog txuas nrog txhuam ciam teb. Lub sijhawm no, daim nyias nyias yog invaginated, thiab lub vesicle uas muaj cov protein molecule yog tsim. Thaum cov protein nyob rau hauv xws li vesicle, nws pib decompose mus rau hauv cov amino acids, uas tom qab nkag mus rau hauv lub intercellular kua los ntawm lub basolateral membrane. Txij li thaum xws li kev thauj mus los xav tau lub zog, nws hu ua active.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias muaj lub tswv yim ntawm kev thauj mus los ntau tshaj plaws rau cov tshuaj uas nquag nqus rov qab. Cov txheej txheem notxuam nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev thauj khoom. Nws tshwm sim thaum tus nqi ntawm cov tebchaw uas tau nkag mus rau hauv lub lumen ntawm lub raum tubules tshaj lub peev xwm ntawm cov enzymes thiab thauj cov proteins koom nrog hauv kev hloov pauv.
Y Raws li piv txwv, ib tus tuaj yeem hais txog qhov ua txhaum ntawm cov piam thaj reabsorption, uas tau pom nyob rau hauv qhov sib thooj convoluted tubule. Yog hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj no tshaj lub raum ua haujlwm, ces nws pib tawm hauv cov zis (feem ntau, cov piam thaj tsis pom).
Meaning of pinocytosis
txheej txheem no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub raum tubules thiab plab hnyuv epithelium. Nws yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev nqus thiab rov nqus ntawm ntau lub tebchaw (nrog rau cov protein thiab cov rog) uas tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev.
Ntxiv rau, pinocytosis tshwm sim thaum cov metabolism hauv cov phab ntsa capillary. Yog li, cov molecules loj uas tsis muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov hws ntawm cov hlab ntsha me yog pauv los ntawm pinocytosis. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub membrane ntawm capillary cell yog invaginated, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov vacuole yog tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm lub molecule. Nyob rau sab nraud ntawm tes, cov txheej txheem rov qab pib tshwm sim - emiocytosis.
Nws tseem yuav tsum tau hais tias pinocytosis yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev thauj mus los thiab ionic deposition. Nws yog nws uas yog lub ntsiab mechanism rau kev nkag mus ntawm macromolecular tshuaj mus rau hauv ib puag ncig ntawm lub hlwb. Nws kuj yog txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsiaj lossis cov kab mob nroj tsuag nkag rau hauv cov cell.
