Hauv xyoo 1667 xaus kev ua tub rog tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm Tebchaws Meskas thiab Russia. Qhov kawg ntawm txhua qhov kev tawm tsam yog nrog los ntawm kev kos npe ntawm kev sib haum xeeb cog lus. Qhov no tau kos npe tom qab muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm Poland thiab Russia hauv lub zos Andrusovo - thaj av Smolensk niaj hnub no.
Keeb kwm ntawm kev pom zoo
Kev ua tsov rog Lavxias-Polish yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm ob lub xeev uas muaj kev lav phib xaub rau thaj av ntawm Southwestern Russia. Qhov laj thawj ntawm kev pib ua phem yog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm Zemsky Sobor ntawm kev lees txais ntawm Cossacks rau hauv kev ua pej xeem Lavxias - qhov no tau thov ntau zaus los ntawm hetman thiab tus thawj coj ntawm National Liberation Revolution Bogdan Khmelnitsky.
Kev pib ua tsov ua rog tau ua tiav rau sab Lavxias, tab sis tam sim ntawd Sweden tawm tsam Poland. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej no, Lub Tebchaws tau kos npe rau Vilna kev sib tw nrog Russia. Lub hom phiaj yog ua kom yooj yim rau Poland tiv thaiv Sweden. Lwm tog tau txais dab tsi? Russia tau txais lub sijhawm los pib nws txoj kev sib tw tawm tsam Sweden, uas tau tshwm sim sai sai no.
Ib qho tseem ceeb hauv qhov kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog Lavxias-Polish yog kev tuag ntawm Bogdan Khmelnitsky. Hetmanate poob rau hauvKev puas tsuaj (kev ua tsov ua rog hauv zej zog) - vim yog kev sib cais, ib feem ntawm Cossacks tau hla mus rau sab ntawm Lub Tebchaws. Qhov tseeb, thaj chaw ntawm Ukraine tau muab faib raws Dnieper. Qhov kev sib tw Andrusovo hauv ob peb xyoos yuav sib sau ua ke qhov tseeb ntawm kev sib cais.
Kev coj ua ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog nyob rau hauv ntau qhov sib txawv los ntawm ob tog rau kev tsis sib haum xeeb ua rau muaj kev tsis muaj zog tag nrho ntawm Russia thiab Poland. Nyob rau theem kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, Lub Tebchaws tau swb los ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias nyob ze ntawm Bila Tserkva thiab Korsun. Kev sib ntaus sib tua tau ploj mus vim kev qaug zog ntawm tib neeg thiab cov khoom siv. Nyob rau hauv lub xeev no, ob tog tau mus rau kos npe rau ntawm kev sib haum xeeb treaty.
Vim li cas rau kev sib cav
Ib txwm muaj ob qho laj thawj rau kev sib tw hauv keeb kwm: ib sab yog qhov tsis muaj zog dua li lwm tus thiab lees txais cov xwm txheej ntawm tus yeej. Muaj lwm txoj kev xaiv - lub teb chaws ua tsov rog sib npaug sib npaug thiab xav tau kev daws teeb meem tsim nyog.
Dab tsi tuaj yeem hu ua yog vim li cas kos npe rau Andrusovo kev sib tw?
- Tsov rog tau tag nws tus kheej - tsis muaj zog ntxiv thiab tsis tas yuav tawm tsam.
- Vilna kev tawm tsam tau tsim lub hauv paus rau kev cog lus loj yav tom ntej.
- Russia-Swedish tsov rog pib - Russia tsis xis nyob sib ntaus sib tua ntawm ob sab.
- Kev xav los tswj hwm Hetmanate, qhov twg muaj kev tsov rog loj loj tshwm sim.
- Kev txhawb zog thiab ua kom tus yeeb ncuab tshiab - lub tebchaws Ottoman.
Kos npe ntawm daim ntawv cog lus: cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ob tog
Qhov xaus ntawm kev sib tw pib tau tham txog thaum ntxov li 1666. Ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tau tshwm sim los ntawm thaj chawCov lus thov, kev chim siab rau kev ua txhaum Polyanovsky kev thaj yeeb tau nco qab. Kev sib ntaus sib tua Diplomatic tuaj yeem kav ntev li ob peb xyoos ntxiv, tab sis qhov xwm txheej hauv Hetmanate tau hloov pauv qhov xwm txheej. Petro Doroshenko, uas tshaj tawm nws tus kheej lub hetman ntawm tag nrho cov Ukraine, tau txais lub protectorate ntawm Crimea. Yog li ntawd, Poland tau poob lub khanate ua nws cov phooj ywg. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, Russia muaj peev xwm ntxiv dag zog rau nws txoj haujlwm hauv kev sib tham.
Daim ntawv cog lus tau kos npe rau lub Ib Hlis 30 (Lub Ob Hlis 9), 1667. Russia tau sawv cev los ntawm tus naas ej diplomat thiab politician Afanasy Ordin-Nashchokin. Lub Andrusovo kev sib tw nrog Lub Tebchaws yog nws lub tswv yim. Tus neeg sawv cev tau hais kom kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau kev sib raug zoo nrog Poland txhawm rau tawm tsam Sweden thiab nthuav tawm Russia lub zog thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe. Tus neeg lis haujlwm no tau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub tsev hais plaub ntawm Alexei Mikhailovich.
Lub Andrusovo kev sib tw, raws li qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm kev ua nom ua tswv ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, paub ua tsaug rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Ordin-Nashchokin. Muaj ob peb cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem taug qab keeb kwm ntawm kev kos npe ntawm kev cog lus kom ntxaws, thiab lawv muab cov ntaub ntawv tsis sib xws.
Sab Polish tau sawv cev los ntawm Yuri Glebovich - tus nom tswv, tus sawv cev, tus neeg sawv cev. Kev kos npe ntawm Andrusovo kev sib tw tseem suav tias yog nws qhov txiaj ntsig, uas nws tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm huab tais ntawm Tebchaws Meskas. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Cossacks tsis raug tso cai los sib tham txog kev cog lus.
Cov lus tsis txaus siab
Tom qab kev daws teeb meem ntawm txhua qhov teeb meem tsis sib haum xeeb, Andrusovo kev tawm tsam tau kos npe. Cov togtau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus rau kaum peb thiab ib nrab xyoo. Lub sijhawm no tau muab faib rau kev npaj ntawm qhov project "Eternal Peace". Yeej, qhov kev pom zoo cuam tshuam txog kev faib thaj chaw thiab thaj chaw ntawm kev cuam tshuam.
Russia, raws li cov lus pom zoo, tau txais kev tswj hwm ntawm Chernihiv, Starodubshchina, Seversk av, Sab laug-bank Ukraine. Lithuanian conquests tau muab tso tseg. Lub Andrusovo kev sib tw ntawm 1667 tau lees tias Poland tswj hwm thaj chaw ntawm Right-Bank Ukraine thiab Belarus. Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ob lub monarchies txuas ntxiv mus rau Zaporozhye. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm kev tawm tsam los ntawm lub Tatars, ob tog ntawm qhov kev pom zoo tau muab kev pab tub rog rau Cossacks. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, Kyiv yuav tsum nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab tswj tau 2 xyoos.
Daim ntawv cog lus tswj cov txheej txheem rau kev rov qab los ntawm cov neeg raug kaw tom qab tsov rog, kev faib cov cuab yeej hauv tsev teev ntuj. Daim ntawv cog lus muaj clauses tswj kev lag luam kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub teb chaws - ib qho ntawm cov kab lus ruaj ntseg txoj cai rau kev lag luam dawb ntawm Russia thiab lub tebchaws.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev cog lus
Qhov kev sib tw Andrusovo nrog Poland yog qhov ntsuas tsis meej los ntawm Lavxias keeb kwm. Qee tus hu nws tias yog ib qho yuam kev, uas lawv tau ua vim xav tau kom xaus kev ua tub rog tsis sib haum xeeb. Lwm tus neeg nco txog qhov zoo ntawm kev kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus - kev sib tham nrog Poland, uas tuaj yeem dhau los ua ib tus phooj ywg hauv kev tawm tsam Ottoman Empire. Tsis tas li ntawd, Russia tau rov qab tau qee thaj av uas ploj lawm. Cov neeg thuam ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam teb rau qhov no los ntawm kev hais tias lawv ua tsis tiav kev nkag mus rau lub hiav txwv B altic, uas tau npaj thaum pib ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua.action.
Txhais tau
Cov lus cog tseg yog suav tias yog kauj ruam tseem ceeb rau kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov neeg Slavic, txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam teeb meem txawv teb chaws tsis tau daws. Rau cov tebchaws Ukrainian, qhov kev sib tw muaj qhov tsis zoo - kev sib cais ntawm thaj chaw raws Dnieper tau raug cai. Ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb tau ua rau Cossacks raws li kev sib raug zoo stratum. Kev tawm tsam rau lub hwj chim hauv Hetmanate hnyav zuj zus. Ib feem ntawm thaj av Belarusian hla mus rau Poland.
Kev tawm tsam Andrusovo yog ib qho kev cog lus tseem ceeb thoob ntiaj teb uas tau cim qhov kawg ntawm kev ua phem, tab sis cim qhov pib ntawm qee qhov kev tawm tsam nom tswv.
