Ntau zaus koj hnov cov lus "tso lub qhov ntswg", "coj tus ntsuj plig", "coj mus huv dej"? Yog tias koj sim nkag siab lawv cov lus, koj yuav ua tsis tiav. Thiab yog hais tias koj sim hloov cov lus nyob rau hauv cov kev sib txuas los yog dilute lawv? Nws hloov tawm qee yam tsis muaj tseeb.
Idiom - yog dab tsi? Piv txwv ntawm cov kab lus tuaj yeem pom hauv kab lus no. Yuav ua li cas idioms cuam tshuam nrog phraseological units? Wb sim saib seb dab tsi phraseologism thiab idiom yog.
phraseologism
phraseological units yog cov kab lus ruaj khov uas muaj ib lub ntsiab lus.
Figuratively, ib tug phraseologism muab piv nrog ib tug mechanism: nws tsis tuaj yeem "ua haujlwm" hauv ib hom lus yog tias muaj tsawg kawg yog ib qho "npe" - ib lo lus. Phraseologism tsis tuaj yeem muab sib cais, hloov lawv thiab ntxiv qee yam ntawm koj tus kheej.
So, idiom - yog dab tsi? Thiab nws cuam tshuam li cas rau phraseology? Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau qhia meej tias cov chav tsev phraseological yog dab tsi.
phraseological ua ke
Muaj cov lus hais lus uas tuaj yeem hu ua dawb tshaj plaws. Qee cov lus hauv cov kab lus no "ua neej nyob", lwm tus tsuas tuaj yeem nyob ib sab ntawm thawj.
Sim nwsrhuav cov lus "bosom phooj ywg" rau hauv qhov chaw. Muaj pes tsawg tus epithets koj tuaj yeem xaiv rau lo lus "phooj ywg"? Tus lej infinite: "zoo nkauj", "zoo heev", "zoo", "tiag", thiab lwm yam. Thiab lo lus "bosom"? Koj puas tuaj yeem xav txog lo lus hloov rau "phooj ywg"? Koj ua tsis tau, vim hais tias lo lus no tau "loj hlob" rau nws. Cov kab lus no hu ua phraseological ua ke.
phraseological units
"Zoo dua" cov lus hais lus. Ntawm no tag nrho cov lus nyob rau hauv lub composition yog tsis pub dawb. Yog tias koj hloov lawv, ces lub ntsiab lus lossis ntxoov ntxoo ntawm lub ntsiab lus hloov. Piv txwv li, cov idioms "raug poob rau lub bait" thiab "mus rau hauv lub vas" txawv nyob rau hauv ob peb lo lus thiab zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus. Tsuas yog ntawm no qhov ntxoov ntxoo txawv: "mus rau hauv lub vas" yog qhov phem tshaj "noj"
Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib koom ua ke tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog lwm cov lus. Piv txwv li, "Kuv poob rau hauv koj tes hauj lwm", "nws poob rau hauv lub network ntawm scammers".
Thiab kuj muaj kev sib sau muaj tsawg kawg yog qee qhov kev xav. Peb tuaj yeem xav txog peb tus kheej li ntses dheev ntes tau hauv lub vas uas lawv nrhiav tsis tau lawv txoj kev tawm. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom nkag siab lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus no.
phraseological fusions
Thiab hom "ntseeg" tshaj plaws yog cov lus hais (phraseological fusions). Lawv tsuas sau tau xwb.
Sim rau koj tus kheej. Koj puas tuaj yeem xav txog tus neeg uas ntaus tus ntiv tes xoo? Los yog sharpens laces? Peb paub hais tias yuav yeej lub thoob yog mus mess nyob ib ncig ntawm, thiab kom ntse lub dag yog tham. Thiab yog tias koj poobpeb kev paub thiab xav txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm txhua lo lus?
Peb puas tuaj yeem tsim cov duab no hauv peb lub taub hau? Tsis yog, vim tias cov duab no tuaj yeem tsim tau ntev dhau los, thaum ntaus bucks thiab tig lasses yog qhov qub. Thiab tam sim no tsis muaj leej twg hais kom lawv cov plaub hau thiab ntaus lawv tus ntiv tes xoo, yog li peb tsis tuaj yeem xav txog nws.
Kev tshaj lij tau ploj mus (koj yuav kawm txog keeb kwm ntawm idioms tom qab), thiab cov lus hais tau dhau mus rau ntau pua xyoo thiab tau pib hauv cov lus. Ib hom lus yog ib chav phraseological uas tsis tuaj yeem muab faib thiab diluted nrog lwm cov lus. Cov lus zoo li tau muab sib dhos ua ke hauv ib qho ua ke.
Kev sib piv ntawm cov lus hais: kwj dawb thiab yaj dub
Yog koj tab tom kawm lus Askiv, txhais cov ntsiab lus feem ntau yuav ua rau lub ntsiab lus. Txhua lub ntsiab lus muaj nws qhov sib npaug hauv lwm hom lus.
Lo lus nug "Idiom - yog dab tsi?" koj tuaj yeem teb tau tseeb - ib qho ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm txhua hom lus. Txhawm rau hais lus txawv teb chaws, koj yuav tsum paub thiab hnov qhov tseeb no.
Lavxias teb sab thiab lus Askiv idioms uas muaj lub ntsiab lus zoo sib xws tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm cov lus hauv kev sau. Piv txwv li, Lavxias teb sab lus "dawb crow" txhais tau hais tias ib tug neeg uas yog txawv txawv los ntawm tag nrho cov pawg. Lub idiom yog metaphorical: crows yog dub, dawb yog tsawg. Albinism ua rau cov noog muaj kev phom sij rau cov tsiaj txhu. Nws hloov tawm hais tias tus cw dawb yog ib qho tsis tshua muaj, txawv txawv, tshwj xeeb noog, tab sis tib lub sij hawm tsis zoo siab, tsis yooj yim, alienated.
Tab sis hauv lus Askiv muaj ib qho piv txwv ntawm no idiom - yaj dub (dub yaj). Cov yaj dub hu ua "tsis yog li ntawd,zoo li txhua leej txhua tus", tab sis tib lub sij hawm dhau mus. Cov neeg no tshwj xeeb, tab sis lawv kuj tsis xav koom nrog.
Txawm li cas los xij, lus Askiv "dub yaj" suav tias yog qhov sib npaug ntawm Lavxias "crow dawb".
Kev sib piv ntawm cov lus "tom qab los nag rau hnub Thursday" thiab thaum npua ya
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tseeb yog cov lus uas txhais tau tias "nyob rau yav tom ntej tsis paub tseeb." Hauv Lavxias lawv hais tias "thaum mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub roob" lossis qee zaum lawv siv cov lus "tom qab los nag rau hnub Thursday." Hauv lus Askiv, nws yog kev cai hais thaum npua ya (thaum npua ya hauv).
Yog lus Askiv yog piv txwv, nws tsis tuaj yeem nkag siab Lavxias yog tias koj tsis paub nws keeb kwm. Raws li ib tug version, ib tug tub sab hu ua Rak (lub xeem - Rakochinsky) tuaj rau Odessa. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, txoj kev hauv cheeb tsam Shkodova Gora tau siv thaum lub caij los nag, thiab nag hauv lub nroog tsis tshua muaj. Rakochinsky poob qhov kev sib cav thiab yuav tsum xuav rau saum lub roob thaum los nag. Nws ntseeg tau tias qhov kev qhia tau raug kho meej tom qab qhov xwm txheej no.
"Tom qab los nag rau hnub Thursday" feem ntau yog hauv paus hauv keeb kwm ntawm Russia. Ces paganism tau nthuav. Hnub Thursday, tib neeg thov Perun los nag. Txij li thaum los nag tsis tshwm sim, cov lus qhia nrog lub ntsiab lus no tau ntxiv dag zog.
Keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov kev sib txuas no hais txog keeb kwm, kab lis kev cai thiab pej xeem lub neej. Ntawm cov lus qhia lus Lavxias, lawv qhia me ntsis txog qhov no thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv. Tiag tiag,Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv no tau nthuav tawm kom raug thiab nthuav dav, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txhawb siab los kawm tsis yog cov lus haiv neeg thiab txawv teb chaws, tab sis kuj muaj lwm yam kev kawm.
Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm idioms hauv ntau hom lus feem ntau ua rau muaj kev txaus siab tsis yog ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv xwb, tab sis kuj nrog cov neeg laus. Xav txog ob peb lo lus Lavxias thiab lawv keeb kwm:
- "Tub hlau". Gimp - ib tug nyias xov ntawm hlau. Nws yog siv rau paj ntaub. Txhawm rau ua cov xov no, koj xav tau ntau lub sijhawm: kev ua haujlwm ntev, tedious thiab mob siab rau. Thiab txawm hais tias tam sim no lub ntsiab lus muaj lub ntsiab lus "ua ib yam dab tsi tho txawv" thiab txawm tias "mus ncig", ces nws tau cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm hnyav uas yuav tsum muaj lub zog thiab kev saib xyuas.
- "Yuav tuav tus ntiv tes xoo". Nws ntseeg tau tias baklushi yog ntoo blanks uas tau npaj rau kev txiav ntoo tom ntej. Txawm tias ib tug me nyuam tuaj yeem tiv nrog txoj haujlwm no, yog li nws tau pom tias yooj yim. Phraseologism txhais tau tias "ua haujlwm lub teeb, ua kom tsis zoo."
- "Seven spans in the forehead". Yog li lawv hais txog tus neeg ntse thiab muaj peev xwm. Lub ntsiab lus yog los ntawm cov Slavs, uas siv lub span system. Xya spans tau sib npaug rau 1 m 25 cm - ib tug me nyuam 12 xyoo mus txog qhov siab. Thaum lub hnub nyoog no, cov menyuam yaus tau paub txog cov khoom siv tes ua thiab tau los ua cov tswv cuab ntawm lub zej zog. Koj tuaj yeem hu nws los ntawm hnub nyoog.
- "Bullshit" lossis "dej zoo li grey gelding" - kab lus los ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th. Cov neeg hu ua grey mares thiab geldings cov neeg laus. Cov neeg laus yogneeg xiam oob khab, yug tsis tau menyuam, yog li ntawd lawv siv lawv lub neej sib tham. Qhov no yog li cas ib tug phraseologism tshwm sim, uas txhais tau tias "hais ib yam dab tsi tsis muaj nuj nqis", "hais lus nyob rau hauv vain".
- "Tsis muaj fluff lossis plaub". Cov lus no tau siv los ua ib qho kev sau ntawv los tiv thaiv cov dab phem. Feather yog noog, fluff yog tsiaj. Yog hais tias koj xav "down thiab feather", ces tus ntsuj plig yuav npau taws thiab lwj lub yos hav zoov. Thiab thaum lawv hnov tias kev yos hav zoov yuav ua tsis tiav, lawv yuav tawm mus.
Ib yam yuav tsum nco ntsoov thaum kawm idioms yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab nthuav. Los ntawm kev kawm cov idioms ntawm koj haiv neeg thiab txawv teb chaws, muab piv rau lawv, koj txhawb koj cov lus, nce kev coj noj coj ua.
