Kev kawm niaj hnub no suav nrog kev ua haujlwm ywj pheej ntawm cov khoom siv ntau. Hauv qhov no, cov tub ntxhais kawm, thiab txawm tias cov menyuam kawm ntawv, yuav tsum sau ntawv tsis yog ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia xwb, tab sis kuj ntawm cov phau ntawv, monographs thiab cov ntawv. Txoj hauv kev kom raug rau kev sau cov ntsiab lus yuav pab tsis tau tsuas yog kom tau txais kev paub, tab sis tseem txuag lub sij hawm ntawm kev sau ntawv. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tam sim no suav hais tias yog qhov yooj yim paub daws teeb meem.
Definition
Abstract yog cov ntaub ntawv luv luv lossis kev nthuav qhia ntawm qhov no lossis cov ntaub ntawv ntawd. Feem ntau yog cov ntawv teev lus, cov phau ntawv lossis cov ntawv. Kev nthuav qhia cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no yog ib tug systematic, coherent cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov chaw.
Cov lus piav qhia yog tsim nyob rau xyoo 1980 los ntawm VF Shatalov, tus kws qhia ntawv ntawm physics thiab lej. Txij thaum ntawd los, txoj kev no tau dhau los ua dav thiab siv rau hauv kev kawm tsis tsuas yog qhov tseeb,tab sis kuj yog tib neeg.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hais tias: kev siv paub daws teeb meem yog qee qhov kev siv cov cim qhia, uas suav nrog cov ntsiab lus xws li kos duab, kos duab, cryptograms, thiab muaj cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim tsim nyog rau kev nco.
Basic drafting requirements
Thaum sau cov lus piav qhia yooj yim, yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no:
- Saib qhov ua tiav ntawm kev nthuav qhia cov ntaub ntawv. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yuav tsum tsis txhob raug tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom siv.
- Tam sim no cov ntaub ntawv qhia meej thiab tsis tu ncua.
- Structify nkag. Qhov yooj yim ntawm kev nkag siab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob ntawm seb cov qauv yooj yim thiab meej npaum li cas.
- Ua cim nrog ntau yam kev xaiv tsim - thav ntawv, fonts, xim, kab kos thiab daim duab.
- Siv cov ntawv luv thiab cov lus cog tseg thaum kaw. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los siv cov ntawv luv luv thiab cov npe uas tau lees paub, feem ntau cov uas nyuaj yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cov teb nrog kev txiav txim siab.
Compilation plan
Peb muab cov lus qhia yooj yim tshaj plaws. Nws kuj tseem siv tau rau kev sau ntawv txhua yam thiab hom, tsis suav nrog daim npav nco:
- Sau lub npe ntawm lub ncauj lus uas qhov kev xav tau raug kos.
- Nyeem cov khoom thiab xaiv lub ntsiab.
- Txhais cov lus tseem ceeb thiab cov ntsiab lus uas cuam tshuam txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub ncauj lus. Xaiv subtopics.
- Xaiv cov lus cog tseg tseem ceeb siv los sau qhov kev xav no.
- Kaw ib daim qauv qhia. Qee zaumTsuas yog kos ib daim duab, qhia tus qauv ntawm txoj kev npaj yav tom ntej rau nws.
- Xav txog txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los npaj koj cov ntaub ntawv - flowcharts, plan, charts.
- Faib cov khoom rau hauv cov blocks thiab tsim raws li koj txoj kev xaiv.
- Ua kom tiav qhov kev paub daws teeb meem nrog cov cim xim thiab cwj mem, kos rau qhov tseem ceeb, muab cov lus nug lossis cov cim exclamation ze rau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.
- Nqa cov ntawv luv luv thiab lawv cov kev txiav txim siab hauv cov npoo. Yog tias tsim nyog, qhia cov teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau piav qhia ntxiv.
txiaj ntsig
Txoj kev no tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv kho tshuab ntawm cov khoom, yam tsis muaj nws ua ntej. Yog hais tias, thaum lub sij hawm sau ntawv ib txwm, tus tub ntxhais kawm tuaj yeem sau ib tsab xov xwm lossis kab lus, txiav txim siab raws txoj hauv kev uas yuav sau ntawv thiab qhov twg yuav hla, tom qab ntawd kos ib daim ntawv yooj yim yuav tsum ua cov khoom ua ntej.
Ib feem ntawm lub sijhawm uas tus menyuam kawm ntawv yuav tau siv yav dhau los sau ntawv tau tso tawm. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb yog tias kev npaj sau ntawv tau ua ncaj qha ntawm kev qhuab qhia. Tus kws qhia ntawv tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntxiv tom qab sau ntawv rau cov lus piav qhia ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov khoom siv.
Speed in abstract reprocessing. Qhov nruab nrab, ib qho kev paub daws teeb meem yooj yim tuaj yeem nyeem hauv tsib feeb. Peb tuaj yeem hais li cas hauv qhov xwm txheej uas koj yuav tsum tau npaj rau qhov kev xeem uas suav nrog 10 txog 15 cov ncauj lus. Nyob rau hauv xws liHauv qhov no, tus menyuam kawm ntawv tsuas yog xav tau ib teev thiab ib nrab los tshuaj xyuas tag nrho cov ncauj lus, tsis yog ob peb hmo.
Cov tub ntxhais kawm kawm los tshuaj xyuas qhov kev paub uas tau txais, qhia qhov tseem ceeb thiab nthuav cov ntawv nyeem. Kev npaj cov ntawv txhawb nqa tuaj yeem pab tau yav tom ntej, thaum sau cov ntaub ntawv, daim ntawv pov thawj thiab tus tswv, cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb.
Siv los ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv
Tsis yog cov menyuam kawm ntawv xwb, tabsis cov xibfwb kuj siv tau cov ntawv hauv chav kawm. Ntau hom kev sau ntawv tuaj yeem ua kom yooj yim rau kev nthuav qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Piv txwv li, tus kws qhia lossis tus kws qhia ntawv tuaj yeem coj mus rau chav kawm ua ntej sau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ncauj lus uas tau kawm thiab faib ib daim ntawv rau tus menyuam kawm ntawv.
Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm kev txiav txim siab lub ntsiab lus, cov tub ntxhais kawm ua raws li kev nthuav qhia ntawm cov khoom raws li kev paub daws teeb meem thiab ua lawv cov ntawv sau rau ntawm txoj kev npaj twb tau npaj lawm. Piv txwv li, lawv kos cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, muab cov lus nug hauv cov chaw uas tus kws qhia yuav tawm mus rau kev kawm tus kheej.
Thaum kawg ntawm zaj lus qhia, cov txheej txheem kev paub daws teeb meem tseem nyob nrog tus menyuam kawm ntawv thiab tuaj yeem siv tau rau yav tom ntej hauv kev npaj rau cov chav kawm xyaum thiab kev kawm, kev xeem, kev xeem.
Cov Lus Qhia
Siv daim ntawv qhia siv pab kom paub cov ntaub ntawv kawm sai dua, npaj rau kev xeem lossis xeem. Kev kos cov ntawv txhawb nqa kuj tseem ua kom yooj yim rau kev ua cov khoom siv, qhia cov tub ntxhais kawm tsim cov khoom siv, thiab muaj tswv yim hauv kev kawm.
Cov kws qhia ntawv kuj siv tau rau kev qhia. Qhov no yuav pab txo lub sijhawmxav tau los sau cov lus qhuab qhia, ua kom cov tub ntxhais kawm paub paub txog ib lub ntsiab lus.
