Siberia yog ib thaj chaw tsis paub meej thiab hnyav tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias Federation. Ntawm no yog lub pas dej nto moo Baikal, tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm \u200b\u200b uas yog sib npaug rau thaj tsam ntawm Netherlands. Ntawm nws thaj chaw yog Vasyugan swamp - qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Lub cheeb tsam ntawm Siberia yog hais txog 9.8 lab square meters. km, uas yog ntau tshaj ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm Russia. Nws yog nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Eurasia. Thaj chaw twg yog nws thaj chaw loj heev muab faib ua?
Regions ntawm Siberia: list
Siberia suav nrog thaj chaw hauv qab no. Ua ntej, cov no yog cov koom pheej: Altai, Buryatia, Sakha (Yakutia), Tyva, Khakassia. Qhov thib ob, thaj tsam: Altai Territory, Trans-Baikal, Kamchatka, Krasnoyarsk, Primorsky, Khabarovsk. Thiab tseem muaj kev faib tawm ntawm Siberia suav nrog thaj tsam: Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk thiab Tyumen.
Cov cheeb tsam ntawm Siberia yog qhov txawv ntawm lawv qhov ntsuas thaj chaw thiab huab cua. Txhua tus ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab cais. Raws li txoj cai, Siberia tau muab faib ua thaj chaw hauv qab no: Sab Hnub Tuaj Siberia, Transbaikalia, Lavxias Far East, thiab Western Siberia.
Thaj chaw ntawm Western Siberia
Tsis muaj thaj chaw loj dua yog nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm Western Siberia. Sau npeyuav suav nrog thaj chaw hauv qab no: Altai Territory, Tyumen, Tomsk, Omsk, Novosibirsk, Kemerovo cheeb tsam, ib feem ntawm Khakassia, thiab cheeb tsam Kurgan. Ib thaj chaw qub tshaj plaws, uas tau nyob los ntawm tib neeg txog 1.5 lab xyoo dhau los, yog Altai. Nws qhov ntev ntawm sab hnub poob mus rau sab hnub tuaj yog li 600 km. Cov dej loj tshaj plaws tsis yog nyob hauv Russia xwb, tab sis thoob plaws ntiaj teb ntws ntawm no. Cov no yog Ob, Biya, Katun, Charysh. Piv txwv li, thaj tsam ntawm Ob lub phiab yog li 70% ntawm tag nrho Altai Territory.
Thaj Chaw ntawm Siberia: Sab Hnub Tuaj
thaj chaw ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Siberia suav nrog thaj av ntawm Buryatia, Trans-Baikal Territory, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Irkutsk Thaj Chaw, nrog rau Tyva, Khakassia, Yakutia. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm thaj chaw no hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 18th. Tom qab ntawd, los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Emperor Peter I, lub tsev loj cuj tau tsim nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Khakassia niaj hnub. Lub sijhawm no, uas yog 1707, suav tias yog hnub ntawm kev koom ua ke ntawm koom pheej ntawm Khakassia mus rau thaj chaw ntawm Russia. Cov neeg hauv zos uas cov neeg Lavxias pom nyob rau hauv Siberia yog shamans. Lawv ntseeg hais tias lub ntiaj teb no nyob los ntawm cov dab tshwj xeeb - tswv.
Lub koom pheej ntawm Buryatia nrog nws lub peev hauv nroog Ulan-Ude suav tias yog ib thaj chaw zoo nkauj tshaj plaws ntawm Siberia. Cov roob loj loj nyob ntawm no - cov roob nyob ib cheeb tsam plaub npaug ntawm thaj chaw tiaj tus. Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm Buryat ciam teb khiav raws cov dej ntawm Lake Baikal.
Lub koom pheej ntawm Sakha yog ua ntej ntawm txhua cheeb tsam ntawm Siberia thiab Far East hauv nws qhov loj. Ntxiv mus, Yakutia kuj yog thaj chaw loj tshaj plaws ntawm Russia. Ntau tshaj 40 feem pua ntawm nwsthaj chaw nyob dhau lub Arctic Circle. Kwv yees li 80% ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Yakutia yog nyob ntawm taiga.
cheeb tsam Omsk thiab Tomsk
Lub nroog tseem ceeb ntawm thaj av Omsk yog Omsk. Geographically, thaj chaw no yog thaj chaw tiaj tus nrog kev nyab xeeb continental. Ntawm no yog taiga hav zoov, hav zoov-steppes thiab steppes. Cov hav zoov nyob txog 24% ntawm tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm cheeb tsam. Lub cheeb tsam ntawm Tomsk cheeb tsam nrog qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub nroog Tomsk yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg siv tsis tau. Tom qab tag nrho, feem ntau ntawm nws yog sawv cev los ntawm taiga hav zoov. Muaj ntau qhov tso nyiaj ntawm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo: roj, roj, hlau thiab peat.
thaj tsam Tyumen thiab Novosibirsk
cheeb tsam Tyumen nyob ntawm thaj chaw tiaj tus. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nws cheeb tsam ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm Russia, nws yog nyob rau hauv peb qhov chaw, nyob rau hauv lub Arctic, tundra thiab hav zoov-tundra cheeb tsam. Ntawm no dag lub ntsiab reserves ntawm roj thiab roj nyob rau hauv Russia. Novosibirsk cheeb tsam yog nto moo rau nws cov dej ntws. Txog 350 tus dej ntws nyob ntawm nws thaj chaw, thiab cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb, Ob, kuj ntws. Kuj tseem muaj ntau dua 3 txhiab lub pas dej ntawm no. Kev nyab xeeb ntawm thaj av Novosibirsk yog continental. Thawj zaug nws tau nyob los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov pab pawg neeg Mongoloid nyob rau hauv 7th-6th centuries. BC e.
Transbaikalia
Cov cheeb tsam ntawm Siberia xav tsis thoob nrog lawv txoj kev zoo nkauj thiab yog li ib txwm nyiam rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws. Ib qho ntawm cov cheeb tsam no yog Trans-Baikal Territory. Nws nyob rau sab hnub tuaj thiab sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Lake Baikal. Nwsqhov chaw yog lub nroog Chita. Muaj lub caij ntuj no ntev heev thiab hnyav heev nyob ntawm no, thiab lub caij sov, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yog sai sai.
Far East thiab Western Siberia
Nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Far East muaj feem ntau ntawm cov dej Lavxias, lub qhov ncauj ntws mus rau hauv dej hiav txwv Pacific. Tsuas yog li 5% ntawm cov pejxeem ntawm Russia nyob ntawm no. Qee zaum thaj tsam ntawm Transbaikalia kuj raug xa mus rau thaj chaw no. Txij li cov cheeb tsam ntawm Siberia paub txog lawv qhov loj, kev tsis sib haum xeeb feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm kev faib ntawm nws thaj av.
Western Siberia yog nyob rau sab hnub poob Siberian Plain loj. Nws cheeb tsam yog kwv yees li 2.6 lab square meters. km. Nws thaj chaw kuj muaj ntau qhov kev pab cuam ntuj - minerals. Muaj txog 2 txhiab tus dej ntws ntawm no.
